《中英翻译：理论与实践》

第一编理论部份1

1．朝向一个翻译底理论：翻译的语言基础1

2．非笔墨所能形容？13

3．翻译的语言基础（一）：结构的分析22

4．翻译的语言基础（二）：语意的分析37

5．「同义」概念的分析50

6．论情景65

7．专有名词的语意分析72

8．翻译——语言哲学的观点87

9．翻译——语言社会学的角度87

10．外来语的冲激与中文的反应95

11．委婉的表现法104

12．连用的熟语108

第二编实践部份111

A．中文句型英译111

1．主语；主题111

2．主题句112

3．比较句113

4．‘了’字句114

5．‘着’字句114

6．现在完成的‘了’115

7．‘吧’字句116

8．双宾句117

10．‘在’字句118

9．‘给’118

11．‘到’字句119

12．否定（一）120

13．否定（二）121

14．‘把’字句122

15．‘被’字句122

16．疑问词（一）123

17．疑问词（二）124

18．主词或受词省略124

19．名词化句子125

20．形容词子句126

21．并列动词句126

22．以子句为主词127

23．兼语句128

24．附带性修饰子句129

25．‘得’字句130

26．连接词（一）131

27．连接词（二）132

28．连接词（三）：假设与虚拟133

29．连接词（四）：本来，才，就134

30．也是135

31．也不是；也不136

32．感官动词137

34．你认为他是谁？138

33．猜138

35．考试139

36．状态与动作140

37．上课141

38．数143

练习1：中译英144

B．英文句型中译148

1．there is no+V+ing148

2．not above148

3．not...because149

4．what+little149

6．avid reader150

5．feel+V+ing150

7．be thoughtful to151

8．excellent use151

9．becoming rich off+NP151

10．low threshold of152

11．the sublime152

12．it is a big job+V+ing153

13．the knowledge that+clause153

14．be the making of+NP154

15．miss+NP154

16．giggle at155

17．show of NP+to155

20．recycling156

18．where China endures156

19．tragic incapacity156

37．care for157

21．leave the way wide open157

22．quiet charm158

23．the alleged victim159

24．an otherwise+Adj+N159

25．understand that160

26．in a feeble attempt at+NP160

27．act out the role of161

28．bid on162

30．break a fall off163

31．canvass+NP+on163

29．sit down for an exam163

32．fed up with+NP164

33．catch on164

34．take the same precautions as you would165

35．elaborate on166

36．own up166

37．the tide of public sentiment167

38．what makes X tick168

39．testify to168

40．be defensive about169

41．give someone a hand170

43．come back as171

42．to come for171

44．warm firmness171

45．alleges against172

46．work away at173

47．come under173

48．start on174

49．when we get there174

50．be dominant for175

51．nonrestrictive who176

52．receive with enthusiasm176

53．give us credit for177

54．it is NP+that clause178

55．in a move to179

56．a study in179

58．at the price180

57．has what it takes180

59．have a thing about181

60．maintain an edge with181

61．a regular+N182

62．nonrestrictive when182

63．draw a line183

64．with+NP+gerund183

65．put NP on the line184

67．a community of185

66．to account for185

68．on the back burner186

70．advances against187

69．compulsive+N187

71．act out the dramas188

72．consummated under+NP189

73．human communities190

74．a climate of opinion191

75．crucial experiment192

77．should have+P.P.193

76．good and+adj193

78．nonrestrictive which194

79．invited by195

80．nonrestrictive who195

81．frankly;as196

82．a notable lack of+NP197

83．to make of N198

84．the worse for wear199

85．a candidate for200

86．euphoric awe;with201

87．trappings of happiness201

89．unrelieved failure202

88．on their own ground202

90．bring home to203

91．be a N or nothing204

92．call one's bluff204

93．cramp one's style205

94．in somewhat of+NP205

95．at once206

96．how fares the world207

97．respond to N for N207

98．status quo208

99．variations on N209

100．live within the system210

102．stand whole for assessment211

101．he is the man to beat211

103．they say212

练习2：英译中213

C．容易译错的英文216

1．accuracy,etc216

2．adj and adj217

3．abnormality217

4．as217

7．not...because218

8．between218

6．apparent218

5．sad apology218

9．not...for NP219

10．by219

11．argument219

12．see you further first219

13．has been/has gotten219

14．have+NP+P.P.220

15．have a glass too much220

16．go and220

17．Adj+N221

18．indeed221

21．bookkeeper222

19．in charge of/in the charge of222

20．begin222

22．a world of difference223

23．tired of one's company223

24．in bad company223

25．contempt223

26．some+N224

27．there is no grief which224

28．abuse224

29．much224

33．on the house225

34．must225

32．have gone with child225

30．impervious to225

31．N1 and N1225

35．先行词与名词的词序226

36．hopefully226

37．idea227

38．no joke228

39．alive to228

40．of a kind228

41．know228

42．lack229

43．last229

47．no longer230

45．never230

46．long lane230

44．nothing like230

48．love lost231

49．miss231

50．mistaken232

51．more or less232

52．more of232

53．most233

54．natural233

56．no+NP234

55．nothing better234

59．use of the past tense in a universal statement235

57．not+wh235

58．of a+NP235

60．use of the past tense in the subjunctive mood236

61．teach236

62．it...that237

63．remember237

64．regular238

65．one of these238

66．weakness for238

68．want239

69．whatever/whenever/whomever/wherever/however239

67．will239

70．wonder240

71．not...too much242

72．too ready...to242

73．want242

练习3：英译中243

D．容易译错的中文246

1．able to246

2．blink at246

3．add/add to246

6．apart from247

4．admit247

5．affect247

7．after vs.in248

8．ago vs.before248

9．before248

10．always249

11．and249

12．angle vs.fish249

13．answer vs.answer to250

14．any vs.some250

15．any body vs.nobody251

16．apologize251

17．appoint251

20．baggage252

18．any more vs.no more252

19．ask a favor of you252

21．bear vs.lay253

22．born vs.borne253

23．borne by vs.born by253

24．bereaved of253

25．between A and B254

26．beware of254

27．blind of255

28．bored255

29．both255

33．known by vs.known to256

30．not both256

31．burst out256

32．busy with;busy+gerund256

34．bother you with NP257

35．brief vs.short257

36．buy oneself NP257

38．carved out of258

39．caught me by the arm/caught my arm258

40．cease to V259

41．close vs.shut260

42．laid up with a cold260

43．clean vs.cleanse260

46．comparative by261

47．more interesting vs.the more interesting261

44．come vs.been here261

45．how+past tense+subject261

49．deepest vs.the deepest262

50．busiest vs.the busiest262

51．most east vs.eastern-most262

52．compose vs.comprise263

53．condition on263

54．conceal from263

58．constipate264

57．to hear him+V.one would264

56．concession264

55．concern264

59．consider as265

60．convenient for/to265

61．correspondence265

62．crowded266

63．curtain266

64．demand266

65．从属问句的表现法267

66．different from/to/than267

67．doubt that/whether267

70．East,Eastern269

68．due to vs.owing to269

69．drown269

71．enough270

72．else270

73．enter271

74．escape271

75．ever272

76．everybody etc.273

77．examination273

78．except,except for274

79．feel274

81．fool,follish275

80．flower,bloom,blossom275

82．frailty276

83．from276

84．flad of,flad to,glad that278

85．glance,glimpse278

86．go/come278

87．look at;look in279

88．go and V;go to V279

89．gone/been279

90．go on,go on with279

93．hide;hide oneself280

92．take my hand;take me by the hand280

91．good to/good for280

94．how281

95．become of281

96．treat281

97．hardly282

98．high,highly282

99．ideal283

100．incomprehensive vs.incomprehensible283

101．more important,more importantly283

102．in,into284

103．individual284

105．junior285

106．kind285

104．insure285

107．late for,late by286

108．just;just now287

109．English,Englishman287

110．that,who,Which287

111．a few days later/in a few days288

112．leave vs.let288

113．lie,lay289

114．look like289

115．likely290

116．look in290

117．marry290

120．one more year291

118．moral291

119．more/better291

121．since morning/since the morning292

122．near292

123．next door293

124．double negative293

125．neither294

126．negative-past/perfect294

127．met/have met295

128．was written/is written295

129．occur295

132．only296

130．off/down296

131．one of296

133．profession297

134．living/alive297

135．participle297

136．prefer...rather than298

137．recommend298

138．reflection298

139．regard299

140．remember299

141．sexism in English299

143．think301

142．slow/slowly301

144．wish302

145．within302

146．worth302

147．unawares303

148．used to304

149．wake,waken304

练习4：中译英305

E．中国成语熟语英译309

F．翻译实例：（一）英译中336

G．翻译实例：（二）中译英350

Index373