《Table 2–N application stages and fractions in microplot experiment.》

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《Timing and splitting of nitrogen fertilizer supply to increase crop yield and efficiency of nitrogen utilization in a wheat–peanut relay intercropping system in China》

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The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications.Plot size was 2.5 m×2.5 m，with a concrete wall embedded 2 m into the soil between each plot.Fertilizer treatments consisted of four different splits of N，with a total N application of 300 kg ha-1.The fertilizer was applied on the day before sowing，at G30 or G40 of winter wheat，and at R1of peanut in the following percentage splits:50-50-0-0（N1），35-35-0-30（N2），and 35-0-35-30（N3），with 0 kg N ha-1（N0）as control.A common compound fertilizer（CCF）manufactured by the Shandong Agricultural University Fertilizer Technology Co.，Ltd.（Feicheng，Shandong province，China）was used in our experiment.The contents of N，P2O5，and K2O in CCF were 20%，15%，and 10%，respectively.The amount of applied CCF was 1500 kg ha-1（converted into pure form，300 kg ha-1of N，225 kg ha-1of P2O5，and 225 kg ha-1of K2O）part of which was manually distributed over the soil surface prior to sowing and then plowed into the soil at a depth of 20 cm as a basal dressing.For top-dressed N，ditching and fertilizing were manually performed at the G30，G40，and R1 stages.The winter wheat cultivar Jimai 22 was grown in the plots in nine rows（0.30 m between rows），and the peanut cultivar 606 was sown manually between the rows of winter wheat at two seeds per hill with22 cm between hills.Seeding and harvest times are shown in Table 1.Plant densities were kept uniform at 225 and15 seeds m-2for wheat and peanut，respectively.The water applied at each irrigation was about 60 mm.The same irrigation applications were used for each crop（three for wheat and two for peanut）.Disease，weeds，and pests were well controlled in each treatment.