《Table 1 Statistical parameters for TBsim and TBair for H and V polarizations》

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《Dynamic b_p in the L Band and Its Role in Improving the Accuracy of Soil Moisture Retrieval》

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To confirm the effectiveness of using the time-varying bp in the soil-moisture retrieval algorithm，three inversion algorithms were used，namely SCA-H（Single-channel Algorithm，Horizontal polarization），SCA-V（Single-channel Algorithm，Vertical polarization）and DCA（Dual-channel Algorithm）.The details of these three algorithms can be found in the SMAP handbook（Entekhabi et al.，2014）.The input dataset of these three algorithms was based on the calibrated SMAPVEX12dataset.Fig.5 shows the results for retrieved volumetric soil moisture（mv）based on the three inversion algorithms；it shows that better consistency exists between the in situ mv and the retrieved mv when using the dynamic bp than when using the fixed bp value of 0.12.All three inversion algorithms（DCA，SCA-H，and SCA-V）suffer from higher rmse and bias if the fixed bp is used，and the rmse and bias of the retrieved mv are reducedgreatly if the dynamic bp is used.The correlation coefficient r between the in situ mv and retrieved mv is 0.81，0.79，and 0.78 for DCA，SCA-H，and SCA-V，respectively，if the dependence of bp on VWC is considered，decreasing to 0.57，0.57，and 0.53，respectively，if the fixed bp is used.The statistical parameters for the in situ mv and retrieved mv are summarized in Table 2.The divergence between the in situ mv and retrieved mv is reduced with enhanced consistency if the dependence of bp on VWC is considered.Of DCA，SCA-H，and SCA-V，the best results for the retrieved mv are obtained by DCA with low rmse（0.071 cm3/cm3）and low bias（0.007 cm3/cm3）.