《Table 4 Sources of flavonoid compounds and their antifungal activities》

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《Role of flavonoids in plant interactions with the environment and against human pathogens-A review》

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Flavonoids can be classified according to biosynthetic origin.Some classes，for example chalcones，flavanones，flavan-3-ols and flavan-3，4-diols，are both intermediates in biosynthesis as well as end products that can accumulate in plant tissues（Cushnie and Lamb 2005）.While，some intermediates are only produced as the end product of the biosynthesis pathway such as flavonols，flavones，and proanthocyanidins（Sannomiya et al.2005）.Plants may contain about 700 isoflavones and 3 000 flavones（de Rijke et al.2006）.Table 1 illustrates the classes of flavonoids and their representative compounds.Based on the molecular structure，flavonoids can be divided into 8 groups such as flavanone，flavones，flavonols，isoflavones，catechin，anthocyanidins，chalcone and dihydro flavanols（Tsuchiya2010）.They can also be classified into 6 groups based on the heterocyclic ring variation including isoflavones，anthocyanidins，catechins，flavanones，flavonols and flavones（Hollman and Katan 1999），and based on the oxidation of central pyran ring，flavonoids can be categorized as flavonols，flavones，flavanonols，flavanones，flavan-3-ol，anthocyanidins，isoflavone，and proanthocyanidins（Hemingway 1989）.