《Table 1 The physicochemical properties of biochar1)》

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《Removal of Cd and Pb with biochar made from dairy manure at low temperature》

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1) C，the carbon；H，the hydrogen；O，the oxygen；O/C and H/C，the atomic quantity ratio；BET，the specific surface area；BJH，porosity.2) MBC，modified dairy manure biochar；BC300，biochar produced at 300°C.

The modified dairy manure biochar（MBC）was obtained by alkaline treatment of BC300 by the following methods.BC300 and 2 mol L–1 NaOH were thoroughly mixed in a sealed 1 000-m L polyethylene plastic bottle with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5 and then were re-suspended by mechanical rotary shaking for 12 h with a speed of 30 r min–1 at 65°C.After cooling to room temperature，the mixture was filtered，and the precipitate was collected and rinsed with deionized water to remove ions remaining in the final product，and finally was dried at 105°C.The physicochemical properties of BC300 and MBC are listed in Table 1.After alkaline treatment，the contents of C，H，and O，the specific surface area as well as the porosity of MBC were increased，while the percent of ash decreased.