《Table 1.Duration of high temperature during flowering period of single-season rice at six represent

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《Research Progress on Heat Stress of Rice at Flowering Stage》

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The temperature data were from China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System（http://data.cma.cn/）.

In China，the planting pattern and rice production mode of rice are different due to large planting area and various varieties.Rice flowering stage is the most sensitive period to high temperatures，and heat stress has occurred frequently in the past 15 years.In 2003，heat stress caused a loss of 5.18×107 t in rice yield（Tian et al，2007）.In 2013，the yield declined by10%–20%in Anhui Province，China，because of high temperatures experienced during the rice flowering stage（Luo et al，2015；Wang，2016），and in 2017，spikelet fertility was also damaged by high temperatures in different regions（He et al，2017）.The flowering stage of single-season rice in the Yangtze River region is majorly in July and August，which typically have the highest temperatures of the entire year.According to Table 1，an average of 18.3 d suffered high temperatures above 35oC during rice flowering periods at six represent places at Yangtze River region，and an average of 4.4 d was above 38oC.Hefei City experienced much more high temperature days during the flowering period than the other rice production regions.