《UTILIZATION OF OUTER SPACE AND INTERNATIONAL LAW》

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INTRODUCTION1

Chapter Ⅰ:THE CONCEPT OF SOVEREIGNTY IN INTERNATIONAL LAW AND SPACE LAW5

1.Introduction5

2.The term sovereignty in international law6

3.The principle of sovereignty in space law9

List of references13

Chapter Ⅱ:THE POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN SPACE LAW15

1.Introduction15

2.Position of international organizations in the Outer Space Treaty 1967)15

3.Position of international organizations in the Rescue Agreement(1968)16

4.Position of international organizations in the Liability Convention(1972)17

5.Position of international organizations in the Registration Convention(1976)18

6.Position of international organizations in the Moon Agreement(1979)18

7.The definition of the term 'international organization'20

List of references24

Chapter Ⅲ:THE ROLE OF THE COMMITTEE ON SPACE RESEARCH(COSPAR)IN SPACE LAW27

1.Introduction27

2.COSPAR in early space law28

3.COSPAR and the human environment31

4.COSPAR's role in regard to the definition and/or delimination of outer space32

5.COSPAR's contribution to the Agreement on the Moon(and other Celestical Bodies)36

6.COSPAR and remote sensing by satellites38

7.Other activities of COSPAR relative to the United Nations39

8.Conclusion39

Chapter Ⅳ:SPACE LAW AND THE USE OF NUCLEAR POWER IN OUTER SPACE41

1.Introduction41

2.To what extent do the present rules of space law already cover the use of nuclear power(sources)in outer space?43

3.In what respect should the body of space law be re-evaluated?47

4.Suggestions for an adaptation of space law,especially the 1976 Treaty,to the present and future technological status of space research49

Annex:Report of the Working Group on the Use of Nuclear Power Sources in Outer Space,second session51

Chapter Ⅴ REMOTE SENSING FROM OUTER SPACE59

Co-author:Dr.F.de Graaf,Utrecht59

1.Introduction59

2.The technique of remote sensing by satellites60

2.1.the dedinition of remote sensing60

2.2.the purpose of remote sensing61

2.3.categories of remote sensing systems61

3.The international character of remote sensing67

DATA PROTECTION70

4.Legal implications of remote sensing70

4.a.general comments70

4.b.the question of the conditions under which the data produced by remote sensing are to be protected74

4.c.the making of a legal formula governing data protection75

4.d.incorporation of the legal formula into the present rules of space law76

5.Conclusion of our investigations78

Annex A:1979 text of Draft Principles(on remote sensing by satellites),UN Document A/AC.105/240,10.4.7980

Annex B:Report on Discussion regarding Principles ⅩⅡ and ⅩⅢ,198086

Chapter Ⅵ:DIRECT BROADCAST SATELLITES(DBS)89

1.Introduction89

2.Legal implications of DBS91

3.Direct Broadcast Satellites and the United Nations Legal Subcommittee94

4.Conclusion97

Notes98

Appendix:1979 text of Draft Principles(on direct broadcast satellites),UN Document A/AC.105/240,10.4.79109

Chapter Ⅶ:PRIVATE ENTERPRISE IN OUTER SPACE107

1.Introduction107

2.Background:activities of the private sector in space109

3.Present status of laws governing private enterprise in space111

4.Questions and suggestions:future legal rules in respect to private enterprise in outer space118

5.Conclusion121

List of references122

Chapter Ⅷ:TREATIES; THEIR INCORPORATION IN DUTCH MUNICIPAL LAW125

1.Introduction125

2.Definition of the concept of' Treaty'127

3.The principles of internation al law determining the incorporation in Dutch municipal law129

4.The mandate of the Dutch judiciary as a consequence of the Netherlands adherence to Treaties130

5.The way in which principles of international law are(1)formally and(2)actually admitted131

6.The consequences of space law for Dutch municipal law134

7.Conclusion135

List of references138

GENERAL CONCLUSION141

APPENDICES151

LIST OF BOOKS AND MONOGRAPHS169

INDEX172