《Table 3:Chemical composition of each phase in CC and CDS》

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《Microstructural evaluation and mechanical properties of 7075 aluminum alloy prepared by controlled diffusion solidification》

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where Ei is the structural energy with solute atoms，Ecl is the structural energy without solute atoms，n denotes atomicity，Eself is the matrix atomic energy，and Eiself is the matrix-solute atomicity energy.Therefore，for a large value of environmentsensitive embedding energy，more solute atoms are influenced by the environment around them，thus，they become unstable and diffuse to the stable environment where the environmentsensitive embedding energy is low.Liu[21]calculated the environment-sensitive embedding energies of Al，Zn，Mg，and Cu atoms（Table 2）.It indicates that the environmentsensitive embedding energy of Zn atoms in theα-Al grain matrix is lower than that at theα-Al grain boundary，so Zn atoms are embedded firmly in theα-Al grain matrix.The surface-scanning result reveals that the amount of Zn atoms in theα-Al grain matrix is the highest.Moreover，the environmentsensitive embedding energies of Mg and Cu atoms are higher than the Zn atoms.Hence，the Mg and Cu atoms were indicated lower solid solubility in theα-Al grain matrix.Furthermore，the environment-sensitive embedding energy of Cu atoms in theα-Al grain matrix is the highest；hence，their solid solubility is found to be the lowest.