《Table5Detection ofpesticide residues in com m only used CHMs.》

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《"Extrinsic harmful residues in Chinese herbal medicines: types,detection, and safety evaluation"》

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O CPs a:organochlorine pesticides；PCBb:pentachlorobenzene；HCBc:hexachlorobenzene；PCNBd:pentachloronitrobenzene；HFSEe:holow-fiber sorptive extraction；OPPs f:organophosphorus pesticides；PYPs g:pyrethroid pesticides；ASE/MSPDh:accelerated solvent extraction a

On the other hand，although much pesticide residues are commonly detected in crude CHMs，the residue levels in CHM preparations may be much different due to the various transfer rates of pesticides（Oh，2016）.Chen et al.（2017）presented a comprehensive quality control study for a 15-herb tumor-shrinking decoction，and found that all of the 14 pesticide residue items including aldrin，dieldrin，chlordane，DDT，endrin，heptachlor，quintozene，HCB，hexachlorocyclohexane，and lindane in the decoction were not detected.Yu et al.（2017）collected 155 decoctions composed of multi-ingredient traditional herbs from Seoul in Korea between 2013 and 2014，and found that none of the33 target pesticides was detected.Hoban，Nash，Musgrave，and Byard（2017）established the method for pesticides detection in nine preparations of Vietnamese traditional herbal medicines，finding that there was no evidence of herbicides/defoliants such as Agent Orange，2，4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid（2，4-D）and 2，4，5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid（2，4，5-T），or pesticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane（DDT），despite previous heavy environmental contamination.Li et al.（2017）discovered chlorpyriphos-ethyl and dichlorvos in several samples of Sanjie Zhentong capsules，but the residue levels were far below the MRLs.It may be that the process of CHM preparations reduces the contamination levels of pesticides.These results partly revealed that the consumption of herbal decoctions falls into the safe level with regard to the contents of pesticide residues.