《Table 1 Clinical characteristics of 43 patients with gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas》

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《Clinical significance of programmed death 1/programmed death ligand 1 pathway in gastric neuroendocrine carcinomas》

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Patients were staged in accordance with the 7th Edition of the AJCC Cancer TNM Classification.OS:Overall survival.

For Kaplan-Meier analysis，the OS of patients with high expression of PD-L1 was significantly shorter compared with patients with low PD-L1 expression（P=0.016）.We also found that patients with high CD8+T cell infiltration may have a better clinical prognosis，however，due to the limited patient cohort，the P-value did not reach the statistical significance（P=0.065）.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the impact of potential prognostic factors on OS.As shown in Table 3，corpus tumor[hazard ratio（HR）=3.034，P=0.032]，liver metastasis（HR=3.515，P=0.016），and PD-L1 expression（HR=2.846，P=0.021）were significantly associated with OS in univariate analysis，while multivariate analysis demonstrated that only liver metastasis（HR=4.045，P=0.031）and PD-L1 expression（HR=3.646，P=0.009）were independent prognostic factors.Based on the theory that PD-L1 played a role in immune evasion by suppressing the function of PD-1 positive immune cells，we divided the patients into two groups depending on the infiltration of PD-1positive cells and performed the Kaplan-Meier analysis to explore the influence of PD-L1 expression on patients’survival.The results suggested that in the low PD-1+cell infiltration group，patients’survival was not associated with PD-L1 expression statistically（Figure 3C，P=0.242）；while in the high PD-1+cells infiltration group，patients with high expression of PD-L1 had a significantly shorter survival（Figure3D，P=0.013）.