《Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients who underwent fully covered self-expanding metal stent

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《Should a fully covered self-expandable biliary metal stent be anchored with a double-pigtail plastic stent A retrospective study》

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FCSEMS:Fully covered self-expanding metal stent；DPS:Double-pigtail plastic stent.

1366 patients had undergone ERCP by three advanced endoscopists over 21-mo period；among these，203 patients had FCSEMS placed with or without DPS（88females and 115 males）.65 patients had FCSEMSs with DPS，and 138 had FCSEMSs alone（Table 1 and Table 2）.95 patients had a malignant stricture，82 patients had a benign stricture，12 patients had bile leak，12 patients had cholangitis，and nine patients had post-sphincterotomy bleeding（Figure 1）.For the patients with stent migration，12（66.7%）had a benign biliary stricture，and 6（33.3%）did not have，while for the patients without stent migration，70（37.8%）had a benign biliary stricture and115（62.2%）did not have（P=0.01）.Also.For patients with stent migration，12（66.7%）had the previous sphincterotomy，and 6（33.3%）did not have，while for the patients without stent migration，71（38.4%）had the previous sphincterotomy and 114（61.6%）did not have（P=0.01）.The migration rate in patients with benign biliary stricture was 14.6%and for those with non-benign biliary stricture was 5%.Migration rate in patients with the previous sphincterotomy was 14.5%，and those without previous sphincterotomy was 5%.Therefore，the distribution of patients that had a benign biliary stricture and previous sphincterotomy were significantly different between patients with stent migration and patients with no stent migration.There was no significant association between any of the other tested variables including anchoring the FCSEMSs with DPS and the risk of stent migration.The migration rate in patients with anchored FCSEMSs with DPS was 6%，and those without anchoring DPS was10%（P=0.35）.Overall，migration was reported in 18 patients with FCSEMS placement out of 203 patients with an overall migration rate of 9.7%.