《商务人员实用英语 下》

Part One International Trade and EconomicsChapter 1 International Trade3

1 Essential knowledge3

Globalization3

2 Readings4

Ⅰ The forces of globalization4

Ⅱ New world trade patterns 1970—20036

Ⅲ New trends in international trade9

Ⅳ Balance of trade10

Ⅴ Balance of payments13

3 Specialized word list14

The environment14

4 Common economic terms16

5 Case study16

Let us ioin hands and work for a better world16

Chapter 2 Types of Trade18

1 Essential knowledge18

Why trade matters18

2 Readings19

Ⅰ The value of imports19

Ⅱ Visible and invisible trade22

Ⅲ Trade in services23

Ⅳ Technology transfer25

Ⅴ Foreign exchange26

Ⅵ Export leasing27

Ⅶ E-commerce29

Ⅷ Franchises30

3 Specialized word list33

Banking33

4 Common economic terms35

5 Case study35

Adapting to local markets35

Chapter 3 Barriers to Trade38

1 Essential knowledge38

Tariff barriers38

2 Readings39

Ⅰ Tariffs39

Ⅱ Non-tariff barriers40

Ⅲ Technical barriers to trade41

Ⅳ Trade facilitation43

Ⅴ Anti-dumping45

Ⅵ Anti-subsidy47

Ⅶ Government procurement48

Ⅷ Quality inspection48

3 Specialized word list51

Contracts51

4 Common economic terms52

5 Case study52

Potential obstacles to market access52

Chapter 4 Internal Trade55

1 Essential knowledge55

Development of internal trade55

2 Readings56

Ⅰ Stages of economic growth56

Ⅱ The effect of domestic demand on China's growth59

Ⅲ Commodity markets60

Ⅳ The development of commodity markets63

Ⅴ China's futures trading in 200266

Ⅵ Small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs)70

Ⅶ Labor market73

Ⅷ China:21st century workshop of the world74

3 Specialized word list75

Advertising75

4 Common economic terms77

5 Case study77

SARS—a driver of social and economic change77

Chapter 5 Investment80

1 Essential knowledge80

International investment80

2 Readings81

Ⅰ Foreign direct investment81

Ⅱ International investment and WTO84

Ⅲ The benefits of investment rules87

Ⅳ Transnational corporations(TNC)89

Ⅴ The contribution of TNCs93

Ⅵ The impact of TNCs on trade patterns94

Ⅶ The DOHA WTO Ministerial Conference on Investment98

3 Specialized word list100

World politics100

4 Common economic terms103

5 Case study103

Global top ten transnationals103

Chapter 6 International Economic Co-operation106

1 Essential knowledge106

The importance of international co-operation106

2 Readings108

Ⅰ Adapting to meet the challenges of globalization108

Ⅱ What is Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation112

Ⅲ China's Europe Policy Paper 2003(Extracts)115

Ⅳ A world of development experience117

Ⅴ UNIDO solutions120

Ⅵ Capacity building125

3 Specialized word list127

Journalism127

4 Common economic terms128

5 Case study128

NGOs—Non-governmental organizations128

Corporates and NGOs130

Chapter 7 Intellectual property rights134

1 Essential knowledge134

The importance of protection134

2 Readings135

Ⅰ Patents,trademarks,copyright135

Ⅱ Jeeps and champagne138

Ⅲ A question of origin:What's in Champagne that ain't in Basmati139

Ⅳ Patent exclusivity ensures growth of medicines145

Ⅴ Fair use,digital technology and copyright147

Ⅵ The abolition of intellectual property148

3 Specialized word list150

Intellectual Property150

4 Common economic terms154

5 Case study154

The Basmati Conundrum154

Part Two International Economic Co-operation154

1 International Organizations in Brief158

ADB Asian Development Bank159

APEC Asia Pacific Economic C-operation161

ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations167

ASEM Asia-Europe Meeting170

EU European Union173

IMF International Monetary Fund176

NAFTA North American Free Trade Association181

OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development183

UNDP United Nations Development Programme186

UNIDO United Nations Industry Development Organization188

WB World Bank190

WTO World Trade Organization192

2 Speeches on Trade Issues197

3 The Way Forward206

4 Postscript222

5 Essential Acronyms224

6 Vocabulary238

Glossary258