《Table 1.Aerosol components, geometric standard deviation (σ) , and geometric mean radius (ro) of ea

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《Assessment of the regional source contributions to PM_(2.5) mass concentration in Beijing》

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notes:Aso4，sulfate aerosol；Ano3，nitrate aerosol；Anh4，ammonium aero-sol；Bc，black carbon；oc，organic carbon.

The RAMS-CMAQ modeling system was used to simulate the transport，transformation and deposition of aerosols and their precursors.The major component of this modeling system is CMAQ（version 5.0.2），released in 2014 by the US Environmental Protection Agency for simulating a variety of environmental issues（Eder and Yu 2006；Mathur et al.2008）including tropospheric ozone，haze pollution，and acid deposition.In the modeling system，the SAPRC99（Statewide Air Pollution Research Centre）and ISORROPIA（Nenes，Pandis，and Pilinis 1998）schemes were chosen to estimate the gas-phase concentrations and aerosol particles，respectively.The sixth-generation modal CMAQ aerosol model（AERO6）were applied to simulate the gas-phase chemistry mechanisms and formation，dynamic processes of aerosols.The size distributions of aerosols were treated as three modes（Aitken，accumulation，and coarse）following a log normal distribution，as shown in Table 1.The numerical prediction model，RAMS（version 6.0）（Cotton et al.2003） ，was coupled with CMAQ offline to provide the meteorological field.The ECMWF reanalysis datasets（spatial resolution:1°×1°）were used to supply the background meteorological fields and sea surface temperature.