《Table 2 Summary of recent randomized control trials evaluating intensive vs less intensive surveill

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《Role of surveillance imaging and endoscopy in colorectal cancer follow-up:Quality over quantity》

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CEA:Carcinoembryonic antigen；CT:Computed tomography.

Several recommendations regarding post-treatment surveillance for resected CRC have been published and endorsed by professional societies.The most recent ones are shown in Table 1.In general，a history and physical examination along with a CEA measurement is recommended every 3-6 mo for 5 years，a CT scan of the chest/abdomen/pelvis is recommended every 6-12 mo for 3 to 5 years，and a colonoscopy is recommended at 1 and 3 years.Subsequent endoscopies are guided by findings in the initial colonoscopy.For example，if the first colonoscopy is normal，a repeat endoscopy would not be needed until 5 years later.The frequency of these investigations appears to be the major difference across guidelines.For CEA and clinic visits，for instance，a 3-6 mo frequency is recommended for 5 years by American society of clinical oncology（ASCO），whereas European society for medical oncology（ESMO）only recommends this for the first 3 years followed by a frequency of every 6-12 mo for the last 2 years.Similarly，for CT scans，while national comprehensive cancer network（NCCN）recommends CT imaging every 6-12 mo for up to 5 years，ASCO recommends CT imaging only annually for 3 to 5 years[7，14-17].