《Table 3 Equivalent characteristics of soil layer》

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《Dynamic equivalent soil characteristics identification using earthquake records》

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The bedrock and surface acceleration histories are used in the simultaneous identification of soil profile characteristics（layer thickness，damping ratio and shear wave velocity and unit weight）of sites by minimizing on the modulus of spectral ratios.The results of identification of soil profile characteristics of sites are presented in Table 3.The average shear wave velocities obtained from downhole test in BH1 and BH2 are 471 and 423 m/s，respectively.The average shear wave velocity obtained from system identification method is 502 and 412 m/s，respectively.This result reveals a good agreement between system identification method and downhole test.Moreover present SI method has very high convergence speed（30 s）.The results indicated that the peak horizontal acceleration is about 0.55 g at the base compared to 0.78 g at the surface，i.e.，an amplification factor equal to 1.4.These results showed that the motion at Bam site was amplified with respect to the base motion by about 40%.In addition，the effects of local site conditions can be seen in Bam site in term of earthquake damage.In the location shown in Figure 9，soil has amplified the earthquake ground motion and consequently increased the damage in north Bam.