《INTERNATIONAL LAW FOR SEAGOING OFFICERS FIFTH EDITION》

1. Scope and Sources1

Introduction1

The U.S. Government and International Law5

Historical Background9

Sources11

2. Sovereign States and Their Diplomatic Representatives16

Introduction16

Restrictions upon Sovereignty18

Acquisition of Sovereignty27

Loss of Sovereignty30

Rights and Duties of States31

Diplomatic Affairs34

Consular Affairs46

International Law Governing Diplomatic and Consular Relations49

3. Territory-Land50

General50

The Nature of Territory50

Acquisition of Territory51

Loss of Territory64

Boundaries64

Servitudes68

4. Territory-Water70

Introduction70

Breadth of the Territorial Sea71

The Third Law of the Sea Conference82

Measurement of Territorial Seas89

Use of Territorial Seas95

Straits-Transit Passage97

The Contiguous Zone104

Hot Pursuit104

5. Ships106

Introduction106

Rules of the Road106

Nuclear Power Plants at Sea112

Warships113

Piracy116

Merchant Ships131

6. The High Seas138

Introduction138

Historical Comment140

Fisheries and the Exclusive Economic Zone144

The Continental Shelf154

Scientific Research157

Pollution-Protection of the Marine Environment161

Seabeds170

Closed Seas176

Ocean Sectors177

Beyond the Exclusive Economic Zone178

Commentary179

7. Territory-Air and Space185

Introduction185

Air185

Space192

International Communications199

Meteorology202

8. Persons203

Introduction203

Aliens and Nationality204

U.S. Citizens in Foreign Countries206

Jurisdiction of Foreign Courts208

Exception to Jurisdiction210

9. Armed Conflict and Protection of War Victims221

General221

Definitions222

The Law of Armed Conflict223

The International Committee of the Red Cross228

Protection of War Victims229

Prisoners of War231

The Wounded, Sick, and Shipwrecked236

10.Land, Aerial, and Naval Warfare247

Introduction247

General Principles248

War on Land251

Aerial Warfare258

Naval Warfare264

Rights and Duties of Neutrals278

Enforcement of the Law of Armed Conflict280

11.Collective Security-International Organizations283

Introduction283

The United Nations284

Regional Organizations-Collective Defense290

Communist Attitude towards Collective Defense296

Specialized Agencies297

The European Economic Community298

12.International Instruments-Settlement of Disputes299

International Instruments299

Enforcement304

Conclusion316

Conspectus318

Appendix A. The Antarctic Treaty of 1959325

Appendix B. Panama Canal Treaty of 1977332

Appendix C. Treaty Concerning the Permanent Neutrality and Operation of the Panama Canal (1977)350

Appendix D. Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone356

Appendix E. Straits Used for International Navigation366

Appendix F. Archipelagic States371

Appendix G. Exclusive Economic Zone376

Appendix H. Continental Shelf387

Appendix I. High Seas392

Appendix J. Regime of Islands-Enclosed or Semi-Enclosed Seas-Rights of Access of Land-Locked States to and from the Sea and Freedom of Transit403

Appendix K. Protection and Preservation of the Marine Environment407

Appendix L. Marine Scientific Research425

Appendix M. The Conduct of Armed Conflict434

Appendix N. Multilateral Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, Including the Moon and other Celestial Bodies444

Appendix O. Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Pact)451

Appendix P. North Atlantic Treaty460

Appendix Q. Security Treaty between the United States of America and Japan466

Glossary471

Bibliography479

Index493