《Table 1 Patient-related variable》

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《Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy increases the incidence of anastomotic leakage after anterior resection of rectal tumors》

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SD:Standard deviation；BMI:Body mass index；ASA:American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Stratification analysis was also performed to control for confounding biases.The influence of intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy on AL was further analyzed in subgroups defined by sex，diabetes，incomplete intestinal obstruction，tumor location，NOSE surgery，consolidation suture，defunctioning stoma，transanal tube，and the number of stapler firings.Intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy significantly promotes the occurrence of AL in individuals who fell into the subgroups of male，nondiabetic，without incomplete intestinal obstruction，with tumors located above the peritoneal reflection，without NOSE surgery，without consolidation sutures，without defunctioning stoma，without transanal tubes，and both who underwent 1 or 2 stapler firings and who underwent more than 2 stapler firings.Although the OR values were different in different subgroups，the OR homogeneity test through the Woolf method demonstrated that the data between the two subgroups were homogenous（P>0.05）.Therefore，we calculated the overall OR values through the Mantel-Haenszel method.The overall P-values and OR values showed that intraoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy remained significantly associated with AL even though the discussed variables caused weak confounding effects（Table 6）.