《Table 1 Cytoplasmic lncRNAs in cancer signaling pathways》

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《细胞质lncRNAs与肿瘤信号调控（英文）》

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HIF-1α:hypoxia-inducible factor 1α；HB-EGF:heparin-binding epidermal growth factor；EGFR:EGF receptor；GPNMB:glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B；PI3K:phosphoinositide 3-kinase；AKT:serine-threonine-protein kinase；STAT3:signal transducers and activa

There have been a number of studies reporting that dysregulation of lncRNAs and related signaling pathways are tightly associated with tumor cells or immune cells（Table 1）.These lncRNAs could be considered as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis（Wapinski and Chang，2011；Ling et al.，2013）.For example，lnc-DC has been indicated to bind to STAT3in the cytoplasm and prevent its dephosphorylation by SHP1，serving as an indicator for development of dendritic cells（DCs）（Wang et al.，2014） .LncRNA NKILA regulates IκB kinase（IKK）-induced inhibitor of NF-κB（IκB）phosphorylation and nuclear factor-κB（NF-κB）activation，indicating its essential roles incancer metastasis（Liu et al.，2015）.H19 interacts with p53 and induces p53 inactivation，and its upregulation promotes gastric cancer（GC）cell proliferation and GC tumor progression，suggesting that H19 status in tumors may be a useful tool for detecting prognosis of a patient suffering from GC（Hadji et al.，2016）.