《Table 2–Atomic ratio of Cu and Fe on the surface of CuFe-SSZ-13 catalysts from XPS analyses.》

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《Effect of preparation methods on the performance of CuFe-SSZ-13 catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO_x with NH_3》

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In order to study the distribution of active species on the surface of three CuFe-SSZ-13，XPS characterization was carried out.Fig.5 shows the Fe2p and Cu2p spectra of the three CuFe-SSZ-13 catalysts.The two main peaks of Fe2p3/2and Fe2p1/2located at approximately 711.5 and 725 e V and accompanied by shakeup satellites at 717.3 eV.The Fe2p3/2peak was deconvoluted into two main peaks at 710.9 and713.8 eV assigned to FeO and Fe2O3species，respectively（Nedyalkova et al.，2013）.The result indicated that Fe species are present as Fe2+and Fe3+on the surface of CuFe-SSZ-13catalysts.Compared with the intensity of the Fe2p spectra，that of the Cu2p spectra was too low to be analyzed accurately.The intensity of Fe species distributed on the surface of three catalysts followed the order of CuFe-SSZ-13IE≈CuFe-SSZ-13HDP>>CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE.The atomic ratio of Cu and Fe on the surface of three CuFe-SSZ-13 were also shown in Table 2.The ratio of Cu/Fe over CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE，CuFe-SSZ-13HDPand CuFe-SSZ-13IEwere 0.22，0.07 and 0.06，which was consistent with the trend of peak intensity in the spectra.The result indicated that Fe species dominate the surface of the three CuFe-SSZ-13 catalysts.Moreover，the distribution of active species was related to the preparation method.The atomic ratio of Fe species over CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE was less than that over the other two catalysts，indicating that fewer Fe species was distributed on the surface of CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE.However，the results of ICP-OES demonstrated that CuFe-SSZ-13SSIEexhibit the highest Fe loading among all three catalysts.Therefore，compared with other two catalysts，more Fe species accumulated inside the pores of the CuFe-SSZ-13SSIEcatalysts.The result of EDS also proved the conclusion，as shown in Table S1.In addition，the amounts of different Fe species distributed on the surfaces of the catalysts was quantified，as shown in Table 3.The amount of Fe2+was higher than that of Fe3+on the surface of the three catalysts.The ratio of Fe2+/Fe3+followed the order of CuFe-SSZ-13IE>CuFe-SSZ-13HDP>CuFe-SSZ-13SSIE.