《Table 1–Plant traits of the species in our species pool.》

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《Effects of plant diversity on greenhouse gas emissions in microcosms simulating vertical constructed wetlands with high ammonium loading》

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Four common herbaceous plants，Lolium perenne L.，Cichorium intybus L.，Medicago sativa L.，and Rumex japonicus L.were selected as the experimental species.These four species were mesophytes herbaceous plants，which could growth well in this system with water level was fluctuated and keep constant water level at 3 cm below the substrate surface.Furthermore，the plants could be used as feed for ruminant livestock.They also differ in their functional traits with respect to aerenchyma，shoot/root ratio，and specific leaf area（Table 1）.There were four species richness levels（1，2，3，4）and 15 plant community compositions:four monocultures，six two-species mixtures，four three-species mixtures，and a four-species mixture.The planting density was 12 individuals per microcosm（about 60 plants/m2）.During the experiment，invasive species were removed weekly to maintain the original species compositions.The experiment used a randomized complete block design，with six replications laid out in six blocks.In total，there were 90microcosms in this experiment.