《Table 4Impe rfe ct pipe line critical buckling force (FEA results)》

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《Submarine Pipeline Lateral Global Buckling and Buckling Failure Critical State Discussion》

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Based on the sizes，the imperfections w ere divided into small imperfections（V0/L0≤1.5‰）and large imperfections（V0/L0>1.5‰）.Five pipelines w ith different initial imperfection sizes are analyzed，and the parameters are show n in Table 4.Fig.5 show s the critical buckling force of the five pipelines.