《Table 2 Comparison of sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression and using self-rating scales betwee

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《Melatonin concentrations in serum of primary glaucoma patients》

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PACG:Primary angle-closure glaucoma；POAG:Primary open angle glaucoma；PSQI:Pittsburgh sleep quality index；SAS:Self-rating anxiety scale；SDS:Self-rating depression scale.aPACG versus control；bPOAG versus control；cPACG versus POAG.Kruskal-Wallis test followe

Eventually，80 PACG patients，120 POAG patients and 120controls with a complete questionnaire were included.Demographic details of recruited patients were shown in Table 1.The scores of PSQI，SAS and SDS were higher in glaucoma patients than in controls，whereas the PACG group had a higher score for all scales（9.38±0.40；46.08±8.99；51.11±10.72）than the POAG group（7.43±0.35；45.42±9.87；49.04±12.24）and control group（4.16±0.28；35.49±9.18；40.31±13.08）（Table 2） .Taking PSQI score>7，SAS score>45 and SDS score>50 as cut-off，the prevalence of sleep disorder，anxiety and depression in the PACG group（80.0%，56.2%，51.2%）was significantly higher than in the POAG group（54.2%，P=0.000；50.0%，P=0.000；53.3%，P=0.000）and control group（17.5%，P=0.000；21.7%，P=0.000；25.8%，P=0.000）（Table 2） .There were 58 patients in the glaucoma group and20 control participants as shown in Table 3，and the mean age was significant high in primary glaucoma as compared with non-glaucoma（P=0.000）.The serum melatonin levels in PACG（37.29±2.99 pg/m L）and POAG（35.97±3.64 pg/m L）were significantly higher than the controls（29.96±3.94 pg/m L）（P<0.001） ，but no significant difference was found between the PACG and POAG（P=0.216>0.05）.Comparisons were done separately for glaucoma patients with and without sleep disturbance，for patients with and without anxiety disorder，and for patients with and without depression.From Table 4，we could see that depression was significantly associated with sex and the IOP of the worse eye.Glaucoma patients with sleep disorders，anxiety and depression were more likely resulting in the increase of melatonin levels compared with simple glaucoma patients during the daytime.