《Table 1 Quantitative phase results for zinc-containing and nickel-containing species of S Zorb sorb

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《Identification of Ni_xS_y on Industrial Spent S Zorb Sorbents by Using XPS and TPR-MS》

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XPS is an effective tool which can provide qualitative，quantitative and chemical state information concerning the elements on the solid surface[11].The relative proportions of nickel functionality concentrations were interpreted by means of the peak area ratios of the XPS spectra.The assignments of the nickel forms were based on our reference analysis and other research reports[16-18].The signal of a nickel single species was composed of two peaks representing 2p3/2 and 2p1/2 components，the relative intensity ratio of which is 2:1，with their energies being separated by 1.2 e V.We performed the peak synthesis for Ni2p by mixed Gaussian and Lorentzian line shapes with full width at a half maximum of 2.60 e V for each nickel species.According to the curve resolution method，the deconvolution spectra of Ni2p2/3 envelope are shown in Figure 3.For all the spent sorbents，three kinds of nickel species were detected，viz.:Ni metal，nickel sulfide，and nickel oxide.The binding energies at about853.1 e V，854.1 e V，and 856.7 e V are assigned to Ni2p peak from Ni metal，Ni2p peak from Ni-S of NixSy，and Ni2p peak from Ni2+of Ni O，respectively.Moreover，the analysis results obtained by the deconvolution method are summarized in Table 2.The results indicate that nickel oxide is the major phase for nickel species on the surface of spent S Zorb sorbents，which can be attributed to the oxidation of nickel metal.The n（NixSy）/n（Ni）and n（NixSy）/n（Zn）ratios of these three spent sorbent samples range from 0.09 to 0.16，and 0.03 to 0.05，respectively.It is proved that nickel sulfide species（NixSy）really exist on the surface of spent S Zorb sorbents.