《商业英语语言手册Language reference for business English 语法·功能·交际技巧》

Part 1Grammar1

Verbs-main tenses1

Unit 1 The present continuous3

Unit 2 The present simple5

Unit 3 The past simple8

Unit 4 The past continuous10

Unit 5 The present perfect simple12

Unit 6 The present perfect continuous14

Unit 7 The past perfect16

Unit 8 The future with will18

Unit 9 The future with going to20

Unit 10 The conditionals22

Unit 11 Tense review25

Unit 12 Verb...ing26

Verbs-other forms26

Unit 13 Infinitive28

Unit 14 Verb...ing or infinitive＋to30

Unit 15 Verb＋object＋infinitive32

Verbs-auxillaries and modais32

Unit 16 Will and would34

Unit 17 May and might36

Unit 18 Can and could38

Unit 19 Must,mustn t and needn t40

Unit 20 Shall and should Verbs-volce40

Unit 21 Active44

Unit 22 Passive46

Verbs-otherUnit 23 Be48

Unit 24 Verbs of speaking:say,tell,talk,speak and discuss51

Unit 25 Verbs ofreporting53

Unit 26 Verbs ofthe senses55

Unit 27 Arise,rise,raise,lie and lay57

Unit 28 Verbs＋adjectives59

Unit 29 Have,have got and get61

Unit 30 Makeversusdo63

Unit 31 Verb＋preposition64

Unit 32 Verb＋object＋preposition67

Unit 33 Verb＋adverb(phrasal verb)69

Sentence and clause types69

Unit 34 Sentence types-simple and complex71

Unit 35 Connecting ideas73

Unit 36 Subordinate clauses75

Unit 37 Reported speech77

Unit 38 Questions80

Unit 39 Relative clauses84

Unit 40 Clauses ofcontrast87

Unit 41 Clauses ofcause or reason89

Unit 42 Clauses ofpurpose90

Unit 43 Clauses oftime92

Unit 44 -ing and-ed clauses94

NounsUnit 45 Nouns95

Unit 46 Noun compounds97

Unit 47 Genitive forms99

Adjectives and adverbs99

Unit 48 Adjectives versus adverbs101

Unit 49 Adjective modification with adverbs103

Unit 50 Comparison ofadjectives105

Unit 51 Expressions offrequency107

Unit 52 Degree with very,too and enough109

Unit 53 Soversussuch111

Unit 54 Already,yet,again and still112

DeterminersUnit 55 Articles114

Unit 56 Pronouns116

Unit 57 Demonstratives118

Unit 58 Some,any and related words119

Unit 59 Quantifiers with all,many,much,several,(a)few,(a)little and no122

Unit 60 Both,either and neither124

Unit 61 Each,every and compounds126

Unit 62 Numerals128

PrepositionsUnit 63 Time132

Unit 64 Place135

Unit 65 Like versus as138

Part 2Functions139

Information-handling139

Unit 66 Classifying information141

Unit 67 Connecting and sequencing ideas143

Unit 68 Describing trends146

Unit 69 Describing the organisation151

Unit 70 Asserting and toning down information153

Unit 71 Equating and including ideas155

Unit 72 Comparing and contrasting ideas157

Unit 73 Checking and confirming information160

Expressing attitudes162

Unit 74 Likes and preferences162

Unit 75 Asking for and giving opinions164

Unit 76 Agreeing and disagreeing166

Describing logical and personal relations166

Unit 77 Cause and effect168

Unit 78 Obligations and requirements170

Unit 79 Ability and inability172

Unit 80 Scale of likelihood174

Unit 81 Advising and suggesting176

Unit 82 Requesting information and action COMMUNICATION181

Introduction183

Skill 1Presentations184

Background184

Pre-preparation and planning185

Preparing your presentation185

Structuring your presentation187

Skill 2 Meetings190

Background190

What makes a good meeting?190

Chairing a meeting191

Partici pating in a meeting195

Questioning techniques,style and language195

Skill 3 Telephoning197

Background197

Structuring a call197

Telephone techniques200

Skill 4 Letter-writing202

Background202

Structuring a letter202

Skill 5 Report-writing211

Background211

Checklist of operations212

Planning your report212

Structuring your report213

Writing your report215

Skill 6 Social language217

Background217

Making friends and influencing people217

Social contact218

Checklist for effective communication227

Index229