《Table 7 Dominance and marginal analysis of weed control treatments in dry seeded fine rice grown un

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《"Weed growth, herbicide efficacy, and rice productivity in dry seeded paddy field under different wheat stubble management methods"》

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1) W1=weed-check；W2=weed-free；W3=pendimethalin（0 day after sowing （DAS）） followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl（28 DAS）；W4=bispyribac sodium（15 DAS）followed by tank mixture of fenoxaprop p-ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl (28 D

Using one herbicide often fails to produce satisfactory weed control in DSR（Khaliq et al.2011）because of recalcitrant weed flora that comprise of difficult-to-control weeds and other non-native weeds.Several researchers have indicated that lack of season long weed control and persistence of certain grassy weeds was the major bottleneck by the application of single herbicide（Khaliq et al.2012b；Rahman et al.2012）.Besides yield reduction in current crop，surviving weeds can add to soil seed bank posing threat to future weed management and choice of crop rotation.Therefore，it seems imperative to apply herbicides sequentialy for proper weed control（Singh et al.2016）.The present study revealed that weed density as well as dry weight were significantly（P≤0.05）reduced by the sequential application of pre-or post-emergence herbicides when these were followed by broadspectrum herbicide tank mixture（Table 1）.Such a reduction can be attributed to the fact that weeds like D.aegyptium，E.colona and C.rotundus that survived pre-and postemergence application of pendimethalin and bispyribac sodium or those emerging later in the season（when residual control of pendimethalin was exhausted），were efficiently controlled by late season application of herbicide tank mixture.In a field study on direct seeded fine rice，Khaliq et al.（2012a）found that herbicide tank mixture（p y r a z o s u l f u r o n ethyl+ethoxysulfuron ethyl）significantly reduced the weed density over weedcheck.In the present s t u d y，h e r b i c i d e treatments recorded77–88%reduction in total weed dry weight（Table 1，b1 and b2）.Singh et al.（2016）and Bhullar et al.（2016）also reported that use of herbicide mixture gives better suppression of weeds as compared to single herbicide in DSR.Weeds are dynamic in nature and with the alteration i n m a n a g e m e n t practices a shift in their abundance and dominance is expected to occur（Anwar et al.2012）.Hence，it can be concluded that the sequential application of pre-or post-emergence herbicides when these were followed by broad spectrum herbicide tank mixture reduced weed density and dry weight and both herbicide treatments were equally promising in controlling weeds.