《英美概况》

Volume Ⅰ1

Chapter One　Land and People1

Section OneThe British Isles and Great Britain1

(1)Names and position1

(2)Physiographic Features7

(3)Climate and Weather11

(4)Factors Influencing British Weather15

(5)Inland Water16

Section TwoThe State17

(1)Central Government and Local Government17

(2)Police and Justice22

(3)People23

(4)Religion24

(5)Characteristics of the English People25

(6)Generation Gap28

Section ThreeNational Economy32

(1)A General Survey32

(2)The Textile Industries36

(3)Agriculture37

(4)Transportation40

(5)Framework of Industry and the Slow Growth of Economy43

(6)Cities46

Chapter Two　English History54

Section OneOrigin of the English Nation54

(1)The Native Celts and the Anglo-Saxon Conquest54

(2)The Normans59

(3)The Norman Conquest and Middle English60

(4)Influence of the Norman Conquest61

Section TwoThe Great Charter and Beginning of Parliament64

(1)Henry Ⅱ and His Reform65

(2)Thomas Becket68

(3)The Great Charter72

(4)Beginning of Parliament73

Section ThreeDecline of Feudalism in England76

(1)The Hundred Years'War76

(2)The Black Death79

(3)The Peasant Uprising80

(4)The Wars of the Roses82

Section FourThe Tudor Monarchy and the Rising Bourgeoisie85

(1)The New Monarchy85

(2)Clothing Industry86

(3)Enclosures and the Peasant Uprising88

(4)Discovery of New Lands and Its Influence89

(5)Renaissance in England and Modem English92

Section FiveReformation in England97

(1)The Catholic Church in the Middle Ages97

(2)Revolt of the Protestants98

(3)Reformation in England and the Church of England100

(4)Elizabeth Ⅰ102

Section SixThe English Bourgeois Revolution106

(1)Background to the Revolution106

(2)James Ⅰ107

(3)Charles Ⅰ109

(4)The Independents and Pilgrim Fathers110

(5)The Short Parliament and the Long Parliament112

(6)Cromwell as Lord Protector115

(7)Restoration117

Section SevenThe Industrial Revolution and the Chartist Movement119

(1)Background to the Industrial Revolution120

(2)Process of the Industrial Revolution122

(3)Effects of the Industrial Revolution123

(4)The Chartist Movement(1836—1848)127

(5)Queen Victoria and Her Time129

Section Eight Rise and Fall of the British Empire133

Chapter Three　Government and Politics and Education148

Section OneThe Monarchy148

Section Two The English Nobility154

Section Three The House of Lords157

Seetion Four The House of Commons160

Section Five The British Government165

Section Six Political Parties167

Section Seven Educational System and Schools170

Chapter Four Section One178

Family and Life178

Section Two Supplementary Materials191

Britain's Press,Radio and Television191

Volume Ⅱ197

Chapter One　Panoramic View197

Section OneThe United States and the Americans197

(1)Name,Size and Position197

(2)Population200

(3)Distribution of People206

(4)Class Structure208

Section TwoGeographical Features and Climate212

(1)The Atlantic Seacoast and the Appalachians213

(2)The Great Mississippi River Basin215

(3)The Rockies West to the Pacific Ocean217

(4)Climate and Weather219

Section ThreeNatural Resources225

(1)Rivers and Lakes225

(2)Forests229

(3)Mineral Resources230

(4)Land Resources232

Section Four National Economy and Cities233

(1)Framework of Economy234

(2)Productivity238

(3)Industry and Cities239

(4)Agriculture and Husbandry252

(5)Transportation and Communication256

Chapter Two　American History260

Section OneThe Thirteen English-American Colonies260

(1)The Founding of the Colonies260

(2)The Early Immigrants267

(3)Life in the Colonies268

(4)Education and Schools in the Colonies273

Section TwoThe War of Independence274

(1)Relations between the Colonies and England274

(2)The First Continental Congress282

(3)The Second Continental Congress283

(4)The Declaration of Independence285

(5)Military Struggle and Final Victory286

Section ThreeAppearance of the American Constitution and the Washing-ton Administration289

(1)America after Independence290

(2)The Gonstitutional Convention293

(3)The American Constitution294

(4)Washington as the First President297

Section Four America during the First Half of the 19th Century——an Era of Expansion302

(1)Jefferson and His Era302

(2)The Second War with England305

(3)Immediate Effect of the War307

(4)Large Scale Expansion to the West309

(5)The Monroe Doctrine316

Section Five　The Civil War320

(1)The Beginning of Negro Slavery in America320

(2)Conflicts Arising from Slavery323

(3)Abraham Lincoln326

(4)Military Contest in the Civil War328

(5)The Emancipation Proclamation and Final Victory330

(6)Lincoln's Death and American Concept of a Hero332

(7)Effect of the Civil War334

Section Six　America's Development and Foreign Aggression after the Civil War336

(1)Economic Development after the War337

(2)Appearance of Monopoly Businesses342

(3)Imperialist Foreign Policy and War with Spain346

(4)Aggression against China348

(5)Social Reforms during Industrialization349

Section SevenAmerica during and after World War Ⅰ355

(1)America before the War355

(2)Beginning of the War and America's Neutrality356

(3)Entrance of America into the War356

(4)America and the Treaty of Versailles358

(5)America's Policy after the War359

(6)The Great Depression362

(7)President Roosevelt's"New Deal"365

Section EightAmerica during and after World War Ⅱ369

(1)The Beginning of the War and America's Policy369

(2)America's Entrance into the War373

(3)America after the War375

(4)America in the 1960s and 1970s378

Chapter Three　Form of Government and Social Life383

Section OnePolitical Parties and Elections383

Section Two The Federal Government389

Section Three The U.S.Congress398

Section Four The Judicial Branch403

Section Five Education and Schools408

Section Six Employment,Life and Family419

Supplementary Materials for Reference436

Section OneThe Ancient Mediterranean World and the Origin of Euro-pean Civilization436

Section Two Appearance and Development of Christianity456

Section ThreeInformation about the U.S.Passport and Immigration466

(1)U.S.Passport,Visa and Health Requirements466

(2)Customs Exemptions and Advice to Travelers470

(3)U.S.Immigration Law472

(4)How to Become an American Gitizen475

Section Four Federal Income Tax477

Section Five Investment:A Basic Glossary490

Section SixOther Materials for Reference495

(1)Average Salaries of the U.S.Employees495

(2)Worker Statistics497

(3)Personal Consumption Expenditures498

(4)Presidents of the U.S499

(5)The 50 States of the U.S501

(6)Kings and Queens of England and Great Britain503

(7)Prime Ministers of Great Britain506

(8)British Currency,Metric Equivalents for British Weights and Measures,Britain's Bank and Public Holidays509