《LAW AND ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PREINDUSTRIAL SOCIETIES》

Introduction1

1.Theories of legal evolution6

Part one: classical theories of legal evolution6

Part two: contemporary theories of legal development32

Conclusion48

2.A typology of legal institutions50

Constructing a typology50

Self- or kin-based redress56

Advisor systems66

Mediator systems70

Elders’ and restricted councils75

Chieftainships86

Paramount chieftainships91

State-level legal systems95

Conclusion: a comparison with other typologies98

3.Modes of production and the distribution of legal institutions104

The concept of mode of production106

Conflict, law, and the mode of production109

Data analysis and findings121

Nonstatistical summary135

4.Modes of production and the functions of legal institutions137

Food collectors: hunters, gatherers, and fishers138

Pastoral societies153

The cultivators: extensive agriculture163

The cultivators: intensive agriculture183

Summary202

5.Conclusion: Materialism and legal systems204

Appendixes215

1.Sixty-society subsample by geographical region and subsistence type215

2.Bibliographic sources for sixty-society subsample217

3.Nonparametric measures of association221

4.Social stratification by forces of production222

5.Social stratification by social relations of production228

6.Regression equations233

7.Legal institution codes for sixty-society subsample236

8.Legal institutions by social stratification238

Bibliography243

Index259