《LAW AND ITS LIMTATIATIONS IN THE GATT MULTILATERAL TRADE SYSTEM》

Introduction1

A. General1

B. GATT4

Chapter Ⅰ. The legal framework7

A. Law and the GATT system7

B. The basic rules8

C. Evolution of the rules11

D. Methods of modifying the legal framework15

Chapter Ⅱ. Forum for negotiations21

A. The negotiating process21

B. Tariffs23

C. Negotiations in new areas of trade relations24

D. Accession to the General Agreement36

E. Participation of non-GATT countries in GATT negotiations41

Chapter Ⅲ. The functioning of GATT43

A. The international organization44

B. The process of decision-making and of amendment54

C. The safeguard clause57

D. Pragmatism and the legal approach61

Chapter Ⅳ. Supervising the operation of the General Agreement65

A. Treaty enforcement and compliance66

B. Dispute settlement procedures71

C. Differences in dispute settlement procedures in the Tokyo Round non-tariff barrier agreements78

D. Limitations in the application of the dispute settlement procedure81

E. Appraisal of the GATT dispute settlement procedure84

F. Law and its limitations in the supervision of the operation of the General Agreement87

Chapter Ⅴ. Promotion of economic development: differential and more favourable treatment for developing countries89

A. Evolution of the doctrine on international trade relations90

B. Flexibility in the application of GATT provisions in favour of developing countries94

C. Reform of the legal framework97

D. Differential and more favourable treatment in the new legal framework104

Conclusion107

Selective bibliography111

Appendices115

A. Text of the Agreements Relating to the Framework for the Conduct of International Trade115

B. List of GATT participating countries135

C. Organizational Chart of the GATT secretariat137

Index139