《HUMAN RIGHTS IN INTERNAL STRIFE:THEIR INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION》求取 ⇩

CHAPTER Ⅰ.HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW：GROWING CONVERGENCE3

Ⅰ.Introduction3

Ⅱ.Growing Convergence： The Jurisprudential Connection10

Ⅲ.Growing Convergence： Parallelism of Norms14

A.Torture and Cruel， Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment17

B.Arbitrary Arrest or Detention18

C.Discrimination on Grounds of Race， Sex，Language or Religion19

D.Due Process20

E.Pictet’s Principles of Commonality22

F.Non-derogable Human Rights and Humanitarian Law23

Ⅳ.Concluding Observations26

CHAPTER Ⅱ.HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN LAW：APPLICABILITY29

Ⅰ.Introduction29

Ⅱ.Applicability Ratione Personae29

A.Nationality29

B.Rights and Obligations33

Ⅲ.Protection Ratione Loci40

Ⅳ.Applicability Ratione Materiae and Derogations43

A.International Armed Conflicts44

B.Non-international Armed Conflicts45

Ⅴ.Concluding Observations69

CHAPTER Ⅲ.PATHOLOGY OF INTERNAL STRIFE71

Ⅰ.Introduction71

Ⅱ.Defining Internal Strife： Problems and Directions71

Ⅲ.The OPIC and MIGA Definitions of Internal Strife86

Ⅳ.General Characteristics Symptomatic of Internal Strife95

Ⅴ.Concluding Observations102

CHAPTER Ⅳ.THE EXTRA-CONVENTIONAL BASIS FOR THE ICRC’S ROLE IN INTERNAL STRIFE105

Ⅰ.Introduction105

Ⅱ.Governing Texts106

Ⅲ.Defining Internal Strife for the ICRC’s Operational Purposes112

Ⅳ.The Content of the ICRC’s Extra-conventional Activity113

Ⅴ.Assessment115

CHAPTER Ⅴ.PREVIOUS LAW-MAKING ATTEMPTS118

Ⅰ.Introduction118

Ⅱ.Commission of Experts for the Examination of Assistance to Political Detainees （1953）118

Ⅲ.Commission of Experts for the Study of the Question of the Application of Humanitarian Principles in the Event of Internal Disturbances （1955）119

Ⅳ.Commission of Experts for the Study of the Question of Aid to the Victims of Internal Conflicts （1962）121

Ⅴ.Meeting of Experts （1969）123

Ⅵ.Consultation of Experts concerning Non-international Conflict and Guerilla Warfare （1970）124

Ⅶ.Conference of Government Experts on the Reaffirm-ation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts （1971）126

Ⅷ.Subsequent Developments131

Ⅸ.Concluding Observations133

CHAPTER Ⅵ.THE NEED FOR REMEDIES135

Ⅰ.Introduction135

Ⅱ.A New Declaration on Internal Strife139

Ⅲ.Material Scope of Applicability145

Ⅳ.Personal Scope of Applicability148

Ⅴ.Normative Content152

Ⅵ.Relationship to Other Instruments160

Ⅶ.Characterization161

Ⅷ.Concluding Observations163

Index165