《MULTICULTURALISM AND THE HISTORY OF CANADIAN DIVERSITY》

1. Introduction3

The Problem of the Problem of Diversity3

Terminological Issues12

2. The Field of Canadian Diversity16

Some Methodological Concerns16

Canadian Diversity in State Policy18

Canadian Diversity in Popular Culture23

Canadian Diversity and the Academy26

Identity, Identification, and the Desire for Recognition32

Nation and State, Power and Resistance38

Delimiting the Field44

3. European Antecedents to the Problem of Canadian Diversity46

How Difference Changes, How It Remains the Same46

Herodotus, Father of Ethnography48

Ancient Ionian Hellenism and the Destruction of the Inferior Other57

Incorporation of th Other in Roman Imperialism61

Early Christianity: The Missionary Urge64

Renaissance Exploration and the New World ‘Savage’66

From Prehistory to History: A Summary of European Contributions to the Problem of Canadian Diversity69

4. Two ‘Canadian’ Solutions to the Problem of Diversity72

The First Others of the New World75

Conversion and Extermination: The Cases of the Huron and the Iroquois78

The coureurs de bois as a Repressed Hybrid Identity84

The System of Difference in French Colonial Discourse87

How Canada Became British89

Ignorance and Extermination in the New Founde Landes91

Microcontrol and Hybridity: The Hudson’s Bay Company and the British Fur Trade94

The Early Colonial History of Canadian Diversity98

5. Repetition and Failure in British North America101

The Conquest of New France102

The Emergence of the Two Founding Races107

Rational-Bureaucratic Tutelage: The Indian Problem under British Rule110

Group Identity in British Canada113

6. The Dominion of Canada and the Proliferation of Immigrant Otherness115

Clearing the ‘Empty’ West116

An Explosion of Racial Subject-Positions122

Restoring Order: J.S. Woodsworth and the Great Chain of Race127

Managing the Strangers within Our Gates: Assimilation, Transportation, Deportation, and Internment134

Excluding the Strangers Without140

Identity by Design in Early Twentieth-Century Canada144

7. The Rise of the Mosaic Metaphor146

Canadian Identity as an Emergent Phenomenon146

The Canadian Mosaic as a Constrained Emergence Theory of Identity149

Design, Designers, and the Social Sciences153

WWII and the ‘First Bureaucracy for Multiculturalism’158

The Citizenship Machine165

From Racial Assimilation to Cultural Integration171

8. Unhappy Countriness: Multiculturalism as State Policy177

The ‘Liberalization’ of Canadian Society178

From Monopoly to Duopoly: The BB Report179

Multiculturalism in a Bilingual Framework as Strategic Simulation of Assimilation to the Other184

Multiculturalism: Modern or Postmodern?199

9. A Revaluation of Canadian Multiculturalism209

A Critique of Kymlicka’s Liberal Theory of Minority Rights210

Charles Taylor and the Limits of Recognition216

From Deep Diversity to Radical Imaginary222

Notes229

Bibliography241

Index259