《现代英语词汇学导论》

Chapter Ⅰ Introduction1

Ⅰ．Definition of lexicology1

Ⅱ．Two approaches to language study2

Ⅲ．The relation of lexicology to other branches of linguistics2

Ⅳ．The aims and significance of the course of Modern English Lexicology6

Chapter Ⅱ A General Survey of a Word8

Ⅰ．Definition of a word8

Ⅱ．Meaning and concept of a word12

Ⅲ．Grammatical meaning15

Ⅳ．Lexical meaning16

Ⅴ．Denotational and connotational meaning17

Ⅵ．Motivation18

Chapter Ⅲ Morphological Structure of English Words21

Ⅰ．What is a morpheme?21

Ⅱ．Classification of morphemes22

Ⅲ．Analysis into immediate constituents26

Ⅳ．Derivational and functional affixes29

Ⅴ．Allomorphs31

Ⅵ．Classification of suffixes33

Ⅶ．Preffixes36

Ⅷ．The valency of affixes and stems39

Ⅸ．Productive and non-productive affixes43

Ⅹ．The etymology of affixes46

Ⅺ．Hybrids49

Chapter Ⅳ Word-formation（Ⅰ）（The Three Maior Processes of Word-formation53

Ⅰ．Introductory remarks53

Ⅱ．Affixation55

Ⅲ．Compounding56

Ⅳ．Conversion69

Chapter Ⅴ Word-formation（Ⅱ）（The Minor Processes of Word-formation80

Ⅰ．Clipping80

Ⅱ．Acronymy——Initialisms，Acronyms and Graphical Abbreviations86

Ⅲ．Blending89

Ⅳ．Back-formation91

Ⅴ．Reduplication92

Ⅵ．Words from proper names95

Ⅶ．Neoclassical formation98

Ⅷ．Miscellaneous98

Chapter Ⅵ Semantic Change102

Ⅰ．Historical survey102

Ⅱ．Four tendencies in semantic change104

Ⅲ．Figures of speech112

Ⅳ．The elements of the semantic structure120

Ⅴ．Causes of semantic change122

Chapter Ⅶ English Idioms127

Ⅰ．Introductory remarks127

Ⅱ．Characteristic features of English idioms128

Ⅲ．Classification of English idioms135

Ⅳ．Sources of E nglish idioms142

Ⅴ．Phrasal verbs144

Ⅵ．Proverbs,sayings,familiar quotations and cliches149

Chapter Ⅷ Polysemy and Homonymy156

Ⅰ．Polysemy156

Ⅱ．Homonyms164

Chapter Ⅸ Synonyms and Antonyms169

Ⅰ．Synonymy169

Ⅱ．Antonymy181

Chapter Ⅹ The Stylistically Marked and Stylistically NeutraI Words196

Ⅰ．Functional styles196

Ⅱ．Learned words and official vocabulary198

Ⅲ．Poetic diction199

Ⅳ．Colloquial words and expressions200

Ⅴ．Slang203

Chapter Ⅺ Neologisms,Obsoletisms and Archaisms209

Ⅰ．Neologisms209

Ⅱ．Obsoletisms and archaisms212

Chapter Ⅻ Regional Varieties of the English Vocabulary217

Ⅰ．Standard English,variants and dialects217

Ⅱ．American English221

Chapter ⅩⅢ Native Words and Loan Words242

Ⅰ．The native element in the English vocabulary242

Ⅱ．Characteristics of the native element243

Ⅲ．The foreign element in the English vocabulary245

Ⅳ．Assimilation of loan words257

Ⅴ．Etymological doublets262

Ⅵ．International words263

Chapter ⅩⅣ English Lexicography266

Ⅰ．What is lexicography?266

Ⅱ．Some of the main problems in lexicography267

Ⅲ．Types of dictionaries269

Ⅳ．Historical development of British and American lexicography276

Ⅴ．How to use a dictionary285