《英语写作》

PREFACE1

PART ONE THE SENTENCE2

Chapter I Review of Sentence Skills2

Unit One Complete Sentences2

Stage One Simple Sentences2

Stage Two Avoiding Run-ons and Comma-Splices2

Stage Three Avoiding Sentence Fragments3

Unit Two Punctuation5

Unit Three Spelling6

Stage One Introduction8

Chapter II Functions8

Unit One Description8

Stage Two Sentence Linking9

Stage Three Free Writing11

Unit Two Comparison13

Stage One Introduction13

Stage Two Sentence Linking13

Stage Three Free Writing16

Stage One Introduction17

Unit Three Contrast17

Stage Two Sentence Linking18

Stage Three Free Writing22

Unit Four Cause and Effect24

Stage One Introduction24

Stage Two Sentence Linking25

Stage Three Free Writing27

Stage One Introduction29

Stage Two Sentence Linking29

Unit Five Exemplification29

Stage Three Free Writing32

Unit Six Division and Classification33

Stage One Introduction33

Stage Two Sentence Linking33

Stage Three Free Writing35

Unit Seven Definition36

Stage One Introduction36

Stage Two Sentence Linking36

Stage Three Free Writing38

Stage One Introduction40

Unit Eight Addition40

Stage Two Sentence Linking41

Stage Three Free Writing42

PART TWO THE PARAGRAPH45

Chapter III Basic Principles of Paragraph Writing45

Unit One The Topic Sentences45

1．1 Effective Topic Sentences45

1．2 Selecting Topic Sentences46

1．3．1 The topic sentence at the beginning48

1．3 Positions of Topic Sentences48

1．3．2 The topic sentence at the beginning and the end49

1．3．3 The topic sentence at the beginning and in the middle49

1．3．4 The topic sentence at the end50

Unit Two Kinds of Order53

2．1 Chronological Order（Time Order）53

2．2 Spatial Order（Space Order）53

2．3 Climactic Order54

Unit Three Coordinating Your Decision to Patterns and Orders58

4．1 Introductory Paragraph60

Unit Four Types of Paragraphs60

4．2 Transitional Paragraph62

4．3 Concluding Paragraph63

Unit Five Types of Outlines66

5．1 Scratch Outline66

5．2 Topic Statement67

5．2．1 Sequence of Symbols67

Unit Six Dravoing Conclusion71

Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Process Paragraphs76

Prelude76

Unit One Process Description76

Chapter IV Creating Different Patterns of Paragraph Development76

Stage Two Organization of Paragraphs by Process Description78

Stage Three Paragraph Outline80

Stage Four Guided Writing81

Stage Five Sample Paragraphs by Process Description83

Unit Two Comparison84

Prelude84

Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Comparison Paragraphs84

Stage Two Organization of Comparison Paragraphs85

Stage Three Paragraph Outline89

Stage Four Guided Writing90

Stage Five Sample Comparison Paragraphs93

Unit Three Contrast94

Prelude94

Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Contrast Paragraphs94

Stage Two Organization of Contrast Paragraphs96

Stage Three Paragraph Outline99

Stage Four Guided Writing100

Stage Five Sample Contrast Paragraphs103

Stage One Organization of Comparison and Contrast Paragraphs104

Prelude104

Unit Four Comparison and Contrast104

Stage Two Paragraph Outline109

Stage Three Guided Writing110

Stage Four Sample Passages by Comparison and Contrast112

Unit Five Cause and Effect114

Prelude114

Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Cause and Effect Paragraphs114

Stage Two Cause-Effect Paragraphs116

Stage Three Paragraph Outline122

Stage Four Guided Writing123

Stage Five Sample Paragraphs by Cause and Effect125

Unit Six Division and Classification126

Prelude126

Stage One Organization of Division and Classification Paragraphs126

Stage Two Paragraph Outline132

Stage Three Guided Writing134

Stage Four Sample Paragraphs by Division and Classification135

Prelude137

Stage One Review of Transitional Expressions in Paragraphs137

Unit Seven Illustration（Exemplification）137

Stage Two Organization of Illustration Paragraphs139

Stage Three Paragraph Outline144

Stage Four Guided Writing144

Stage Five Sample Illustration Paragraphs145

Unit Eight Definition147

Prelude147

Stage One Review of Sentence Definitions147

Stage Two Organization of Extended Definitions150

Stage Three Paragraph Outline154

Stage Four Guided Writing155

Stage Five Sample Definition Paragraphs156

Unit Nine Argument158

Prelude158

Stage One Ways to Express Arguments158

Stage Two Organization of Argumentative Paragraphs159

Stage Three Paragraph Outline162

Stage Four Guided Writing165

Stage Five Sample Argumentative Passages167

Appendix I Various Styles of Resume173

Appendix II Key180

Chapter I180

Unit One180

Unit Two181

Unit Three182

Chapter II182

Unit One182

Unit Two182

Unit Three183

Unit Five184

Unit Four184

Unit Six185

Unit Seven186

Unit Eight186

Chapter III187

Unit One187

Unit Two187

Unit Four188

Unit Five188

Unit One189

Unit Six189

Chapter IV189

Unit Two191

Unit Three193

Unit Four196

Unit Five198

Unit Six200

Unit Seven202

Unit Eight205

Unit Nine206