《Table 1.Parameter values for an ideal refracturing well.》

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《"Optimization of refracturing timing for horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs: A case study of Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation, Songliao Basin, NE China"》

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The appraisal factors of volume fracturing horizontal well which influence the refracturing effect were divided into two levels using analytic hierarchy process.Factors in the main criterion level include‘reservoir physical properties’，‘initial completion efficiency’，and‘production performance’（Table1）.The ideal refracturing well with the highest refracturing potential was sorted out，and the Euclidean distance and similarity coefficient of the candidate well with the ideal well were calculated.The smaller the Euclidean distance and the bigger the similarity coefficient，the higher the similarity between the candidate well and ideal refracturing well is.Fuzzy clustering was applied to determine the classification threshold and the priority of the refracturing wells.The value of ideal refracturing well parameters were defined according to the distribution range of candidate well parameters including reservoir physical properties，initial completion efficiency and production performance.According to large amounts of production data and their correlation with productivity，the maximum value of the parameters positively correlated with fracturing effect and the minimum value of parameters negatively correlated with fracturing effect were taken as the ideal ones.Specifically，the minimum value of initial fracturing parameters，‘number of clusters’，‘average fracturing fluid volume per cluster’，and‘average proppant volume per cluster’were taken，which mean the initial fracturing was not sufficient.Based on the candidate well parameters，a fuzzy matrix was established and normalized.Then，Euclidean distance and similarity coefficient between the candidate well and ideal well were calculated using Eq.（1）and Eq.（2）to select the wells with the highest refracturing potentials.