《Table 1.Parameters of ZOLD distribution.》

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《基于静稳天气下气球探空实验的中国沙漠地区沙尘气溶胶的垂直分布（英文）》

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A balloon train was used to measure the aerosol number concentration and size on 17 August 2001，17 October 2001，11 January 2002，and 30 April 2002，with an Optical Particle Counter（OPC）over the free troposphere under calm weather conditions at Dunhuang.This balloon-borne particle counter used in sampling has been described in many studies（Hayashi et al.1998）.The main specifications of the balloon-borne particle counter are described in Table S1.To measure the particle number concentration and size，the forward scattering effect was used.The OPC’s light source was a semiconductor laser，and a photodiode was used for the detection of light scattering from aerosols.The signals from the detector with radio waves 400 MHz in wavelength transmitted the information to the balloon launching site.The optical counter used in the balloon-borne measurements consisted of five channels（0.3，0.5，0.8，1.2，and 3.6μm in diameter）.Balloon positioning during the balloon flight was monitored using GPS.Wind speed was calculated based on balloon trajectories，while a meteorological radiosonde（Vaisala Co.Ltd，(Japan）was mounted on the balloon to monitor the atmospheric temperature and relative humidity signals.A maximum height of 15 km above the ground was taken as covering the free troposphere’s vertical distribution.