《Table 2 Effects of different treatments on yield of direct-seeding rape》

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《Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate and Seeding Density on Plant Growth and Seed Yield of Direct-seeding Rape》

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It could be seen from the data in Table 2 that under the three different densities，the increase of N application rate could promote the growth and development of rape.The plant height，rhizome diameter and height of the branching part all increased with the increase of N application rate，and the variation trends were basically the same as those at wintering stage.Under the same N application rate，the increase of density would cause the decreases in plant height and rhizome diameter，because the increase of the density would reduce the fertilizer amount absorbed by individual plant，and the growth space would be reduced correspondingly.The number of primary branches increased with the N application rate increasing，and tended to be stable at a certain rate.Among the yield components，with the increase of N application rate，the effective pods per plant，the number of seeds per pod and1 000-seed weight all increased，and when the N application rate reached a certain value，the effective pods per plant and number of seeds per pod tended to be stable，while the 1 000-seed weight was on the decrease.At the seeding density of 4.5×105plants/hm2，the effective pods per plant，number of seeds per pod and 1 000-grain weight were the highest，of 73 pods/plant，22 seeds/pod and3.69 g，respectively.As to yield，the application of nitrogen could significantly improve yield，and when the N application rate reached a certain level，the yield tended to a steady state，which accords with the previous research results[4〗.The suitable N application rate differed according to seeding density，and could be deduced through the fertilizer efficiency model.It could be seen from Table 3 that when no nitrogen was applied，the yield would be reduced with the seeding density increasing.At the seeding density of 4.5×105plants/hm2，the yield of rape was 2 049.5kg/hm2under no nitrogen application，and when the N application rate reached 360 kg/hm2，the yield was the highest of 2 659.1kg/hm2.However，the yield at the N application rate of 180kg/hm2tended to be stable.The rape planted at the densities of6×105plants/hm2and 7.5×105plants/hm2showed the yields of2 028.4 and 2 007.1 kg/hm2under no nitrogen application，respectively，and exhibited the highest yields of 3 336.3 and3 781.9 kg/hm2at the N application rate of 270 kg/hm2，respectively.The yield tended to a steady state around the N application rate of 270 kg/hm2.