《英语基础知识手册》求取 ⇩

实用资料篇1

篇首导语1

目录1

第一部分 常用不规则动词分类表2

第三部分 度量衡表5

第二部分 某些词英美拼法对照表5

第四部分 主要国名、首都名、居民和语言6

第五部分 部分英语前缀、后缀11

第六部分 英文反义词表17

第七部分 亲族关系22

1．倒装与省略（规则1—3条）24

第八部分 活用文法规则（142条）24

2．名词（规则4—20条）25

3．代名词（规则21—45条）27

5．比较法（规则51—52条）31

4．形容词（规则46—50条）31

6．冠词（规则53—57条）32

8．时式（规则62—71条）33

7．动词的用法（规则58—61条）33

9．助动词（规则72—81条）35

10．语态（规则82—86条）36

11．语气（规则87—93条）37

12．不定式与动名词（规则94—109条）38

13．副词（规则110—118条）41

14．介词系（119—136条）42

15．连接词（规则137—142条）44

（一）语言功能项目简表45

第九部分 交际语言45

（二）情景对话（Conversations）51

1．Telephoning（打电话）52

2．Shopping（买东西）53

3．Asking（问路）55

4．Seeing a Doctor（看病）57

5．At a Restaurant（上餐馆）60

6．At the Library（在图书馆）62

一、如何学习语音65

篇首导语65

实用语音篇65

三、元音和辅音66

二、字母、音素和音标66

四、音节的划分67

（一）元音字母在重读音节中的读音规则和例外情况68

七、字母和字母组合读音规则及其例外情况68

五、开音节和闭音节68

六、-r音节和-re音节68

（二）部分辅音字母的读音规则和例外情况71

（三）字母组合的读音规则和例外情况72

八、单词的重音75

九、基本语词76

十、一些单词的读音变化77

a/an，per79

a/an，one79

词汇篇79

篇首导语79

第一部分 中学生最易混淆的英语词语79

a kind of，of a kind80

a great deal，a grat deal of80

a bit，a bit of80

a dozenof，dozensof80

a score of，scores of81

a piece of，of a piece81

alot，alot of，lots of81

a number of，the numberof81

accident，incident，event82

accept，receive82

about，on82

above all，after all82

absent in，absent from82

afraid of，afraid for83

advice，advise83

across，cross83

act，action83

act as，act for83

add to，add up to83

alike，like84

aid，help84

ago，before84

agree to，agree with84

all-round，all round85

allow，permit，let85

alive，live，living85

all，all of85

all，whole85

all-day，all day85

already，all ready86

aloud，loud，loudly86

almost，nearly86

alone，only86

alone，lonely86

among，between87

always all ways87

also，too87

although，though87

any，some88

anxious for，anxious about88

angry at，angry with88

another，other，the other88

anxious，eager88

argue about，argue with89

area，rigion89

anyone，anyone，anybody89

anyway，any way89

apologize for，apologize to89

as……as，so……as90

as，like90

arise，rise90

arms，weapon90

around，round90

arouse，rouse90

arrive at，arrive in90

as much，much as91

as for，as to91

as if，as though91

at a time，at one time92

at，in92

as well，as well as92

ask，demand92

ask，ask for92

as．eep，sleepy，sleeping92

at sight at the sight of93

at present，for the present93

at ease,with ease93

at hand，in hand93

at least，in least93

at peace，in peace93

atthe end，by　the end，in the end94

at the o？rner，in the corner，on the cornber94

at stp？ at a speed of94

at the beginning（of），in the begining（of）94

beggage，luggage95

back，backwards95

atthetop of，onthetopof95

attend，take　part in95

because，because of96

beat，defeat，win96

bare，barely96

base，basis96

bath，bathe96

beside，beaides97

below，under97

beforelong，long before97

begin，after97

believe，believe in97

break in，break into98

brain，brains98

blind，blinded98

born，borne98

borrow，lend98

both，either98

by bus，onthe bus，inthe bus99

busy in，busy with99

breath，breathe99

broad，wide99

broadcast，broadcasted99

burned，burnt99

care about，care for100

can，may100

by day，by the day100

call at，call on100

can，able100

change into，change…into101

chance，opportunity101

cause，reason101

celebrate，congratulate101

celebrated，famous101

centre，middle101

clever at，clever with102

clever，wise102

childish，childlike102

china，China102

choose，select102

clean，clear102

clean，cleanly102

compare…to，compare…with103

commonsense，common sense103

climate，weather103

close，closely103

clothes，cloth，clothing103

come，go103

couple，pair104

cost，spend，take104

connect with，connected with104

consult，consult with104

cook，cooker104

deaf to，deaf in105

dark，black (105

crew，crewman105

cure，treat105

costom，habit105

daily，everyday105

devote…to，devoted to106

desert，dessert106

decide，determine106

deep，deeply106

delighted，delightful106

depend，depend on106

draw，drag107

discover,invent107

die，dead107

die for，die from，die of107

dinner，meal107

disappointed，disappointing107

early，so on108

each other，one another108

dress，suit108

drill，excercise108

drunk，drunken108

each，every108

everybody，every body，everyone，every one109

ect，and soon109

economic，economical109

e．g…i，e109

either…or，neither…nor109

elder，older109

excited，exciting110

except，cxcept for110

everyday，every day110

example，sample，specimen110

fast，fastly111

farther，further111

fail，fail in111

fall，drop111

famous as，famous for111

faraway，far away111

find，find out112

fight for，fight with112

fast，quick112

feed，foot112

few，a few，little，a little112

fight，battle112

for a moment，for the moment113

for，during113

finish，firstly，at first113

floor，storey113

friendly to，friendly with114

forget to do，forget doing114

for onself，by oneself，to oneself，of oneself114

force，oblige114

forest，wood114

give in，give up115

gift，present115

frigh？ened，frightening115

game，play115

gate，door115

gather，collect115

goto sea，gotothe sea116

goto school，gotothe school116

go on strike，be on strike116

go on to do，go on doing，go on with116

go to bed，go to sleep116

happen，take place117

happen，happen to117

god，God117

gold，golden117

good at，good for117

greenhouse，green house117

hanged，hung117

hear，listen118

healthful，healthy118

hard，hardly118

hard，difficult118

have a word with，have wordswith118

have something to do，have118

something to do with118

home，house，family119

holiday，vacation119

hear of，hear from119

help，help with，help…with119

high，highly119

highway，freeway119

historic，historical119

infavour，infavour of120

in case of，in the case of120

homework，housework120

hour，o'clock120

if，in case120

ill，sick120

in the east of，to the east of，on the east of121

in the distance，at a distance121

infront of，inthefront of121

in order to，in order that121

in sight，in sight of121

in the air，on the air121

in word，in a word122

in time，on time122

in the evening，on the evening of122

in the field，on the field of122

in the road，on the road122

in the street，on the road122

in the street,on the street122

in the way，on the way122

job，work123

jewel，jewellery123

indoor，indoors123

in dustrial，industrious123

in stead，in stead of123

into，in to123

introduce…to，introduce…into123

know，learn124

kill，murder124

join，join in124

just，just now124

keep doing，keep on doing124

key of，key to124

lay，lie125

laugh，smile125

know，know of125

known as，known for，known to125

lady，woman125

last，at last125

late，lately125

look good，look well126

live by，live on126

learn，study126

learned，learnt126

leave，leave for126

let's，let us126

many，much127

made of，made up of，made from127

looking-glass，mirror127

love，lover127

machine，machinery127

most，mostly128

more than，more…than128

marry…to，married to128

matter，material128

maybe，may be128

meet，meet with128

meeting，party128

no，not129

Negro，Black129

move，remove129

movie，movies129

Mr，sir129

near，nearly129

now，now that130

not…but，not only…but also130

no more than，not more than，no more…than，not more…than130

noise，sound，voice130

none，no one130

one day，some day131

once again，once and again131

officer，official131

often，always131

on earth，in the earth131

on the left，to the left131

part of，a part of132

over and over，over agai132

onto，on to132

origm，original132

other，the other132

out of quesiton，out of thee question132

outdoor，outdoors132

play，play with133

phenomena，phenomenon133

passed，past133

pause，stop133

people，peoples，the people133

prepare for，prepared for134

practical，practicable134

pleased，plsasing134

p．m．，afternoon134

politic，political134

politician，statesman134

real，true135

raise，rise135

principal，principle135

provide…for，provide…with135

question，problem135

respectful，respectable136

research，re-search136

regrettodo，regretdoing136

regretful，regrettable136

remember to do，remember doing136

repeat，repeat again136

require to do，require doing136

satisfactory，satisfied137

run out，run out of137

responsible for，responsible to137

reward，aware137

ride，drive137

right，correctable137

shoot，shoot at138

send，send for138

scarce，scarcely138

scene，scenery138

search，search for138

seat，sit138

select，elect138

sometime，sometimes，some time139

some，somewhat139

shout at，shout to139

slow，slowly139

so…that，such…that139

stay，remain140

stare at，glare at140

sorry，excuse，pardon140

sorry for，sorry to140

spend…in，spend…on140

tall，high141

take care，take care of141

stop to do，stop doing141

strict in，strict with141

supply…to，supply…with141

take，bring，fetch141

too…to，only too…to142

too，either142

tasteful，tasty142

technology，techinque142

the same as，the same…as142

till until142

tired of，tired with142

under the sun，in the sun143

under one's arm，in one's arms143

tour，trip，travel，voyage，journey143

try to do，try doing143

turn mto，turn…into143

welcome，welcomed144

warn…of，warn…against144

unless，if…not144

usedto，be usedto144

useful for，useful to144

valued，valuable144

want to，want doing144

work，works145

wide，widely145

whether，if145

3．above146

2．about146

write in，write with146

第二部分 英语主题与核心词汇讲解267题146

1．abbreviations146

9．across147

8．acrobatics147

4．abroad147

5．absence147

6．aceent147

7．accept147

12．adjective148

11．address148

10．act148

13．adverb149

17．against150

16．afternoon150

14．affect150

15．after150

21．alive151

20．aerline151

18．ago151

19．agree151

24．also，as well，too152

23．almost152

22．all152

27．and153

26．among和between153

25．although和though153

34．around和round154

33．appliance154

28．another154

29．anxious和eagar154

30．any154

31．apart154

32．appear154

36．as155

35．article155

38．at156

37．ask156

40．back157

39．baby-sit157

47．be158

46．bath和bathe158

41．bad和badly158

42．bad和bold158

43．band和orchestra158

44．banner和flag158

45．basic和BASIC158

54．behave159

53．begin和start159

48．because和because of159

49．become，welcome和overcome159

50．bed159

51．beef，pork和mutton159

52．before159

62．black160

61．biscuit，cracker和cookie160

55．believe和believe in160

56．besides和except160

57．better160

58．between160

59．beyond160

60．bi-160

70．British English和American English161

69．bringing和take161

63．blame161

64．blunder161

65．blush161

66．boil161

67．bow161

68．bridge161

72．but和except162

71．burst162

84．close和colsely163

83．close和shut163

73．by和with163

74．cafeteria和canteen163

75．can163

76．capable和able163

77．careful163

78．casual163

79．centigrade163

80．certain与sure163

81．chemical和chemistry163

82．client163

92．comparison164

91．CD164

85．cloth，clothes和clothing164

86．cock164

87．c/o164

88．column和row164

89．Combination164

90．commerical164

94．conditional165

93．compose165

96．conscience166

95．conjunction166

101．contractions167

100．continuolls和continual167

97．conscious167

98．consider167

99．contagious和infections167

105．dare和need168

104．cure168

102．countable nouns和uncountable nouns168

103．country168

110．demand169

109．delete169

106．date169

107．dead169

108．deep和deeply169

115．do170

114．discourse maker170

111．depth170

112．desert170

113．die170

118．down和up171

117．dollar171

116．doctor171

121．elder和older172

120．each172

119．during172

124．else173

123．ellipsis173

122．electric和electrical173

129．enter174

128．enough174

125．emigrate和migrate174

126．employer和employee174

127．English174

136．even175

135．ethic和ethics175

130．envious和enviable175

131．equipment175

132．error和mistake175

133．escape175

134．especially和specially175

138．every176

137．ever176

142．expect，hope，look177

141．excuse me，pardon及sorry177

139．exam和examination177

140 exclamation177

148．fit和suit178

147．film178

143．explain178

144．fairly，quite，rather，pretty和very178

145．fare和free178

146．few和little178

153．girl和boy179

152．gas和petrol179

149．fixed pairs179

150．football179

151．future tense179

155．get180

154．gender180

159．hair181

158．habit和custom181

156．go181

157．group of things and people181

164．have182

163．harmful182

160．half和halfof182

161．happen，occur和take place182

162．hard和hardly182

165．hire，rent和let183

170．if184

169．how184

166．historic和historcal184

167．holiday184

168．hope184

174．in和into185

173．imperative185

171．ill和sick185

172．illness和disease185

176．infinitive186

175．include186

178 inversion188

177．-ing188

180．it191

179．irregular verbs191

184．lack192

183．kind192

181．its和it's192

182．journey，trip travel，voyage和tour192

188．词尾-ly193

187．long193

185．last和the last193

186．let's193

192．meals194

191．me194

189．may和might194

190．maybe和may be194

194．measurments195

193．mean195

195．mistake和fault196

201．must197

200．much197

196．mdifiers197

197．more和moreof197

198．most和most of197

199．most197

203．nationality words198

202．name198

207．next和the next199

206．never199

204．necessary199

205．need199

210．no？s200

209．not only200

208．ro200

212．occasion202

211．number202

216．on203

215．old203

213．of203

214．officer和official203

221．over204

220．other204

217．one204

218．open204

219．or204

227．permission205

226．past205

222．own205

223．paper205

224．part of和a part of205

225．the Passive205

229．pieces and amounts206

228．phrasal verbs206

230．plural forms of nouns207

234．present208

233．pratice和practise208

231．politics208

232．post和mail208

236．punctuation209

235．pronoun209

237．question mark210

239．rather211

238．question tags211

240．relative clause212

241．reporting214

244．'s216

243．result216

242．request，order in struetion216

249．should like和would like217

248．should217

245．sale217

246．search和search for217

247．shall和will217

252．Subordinate Clauses218

251．Split Infintives218

250．so218

254．Tense220

253．suggestion220

257．to221

256．Thanking Someone221

255．than221

259．“to”-infinitive clauses222

258．toilet222

260．Verbs223

261．warning225

266．when226

265．what226

262．way226

263．week226

264．welcome226

267．whether和if227

一、名词的种类228

第一部分 名词228

实用语法篇228

二、名词的数229

三、名词的所有格232

四、名词的作用235

一、冠词的种类238

第二部分 冠词238

二、冠词的用法239

三、不用冠词的场合241

四、冠词的位置242

五、有与无定冠词的区别243

六、表语名词前的冠词用法244

一、人称代词246

第三部分 代词246

二、物主代词247

三、反身代词248

四、指示代词250

五、不定代词251

第四部分 数词260

一、数词的种类260

二、数词在句中的作用261

三、基数词和序数词的其他用法261

四、表示不定数量的常用词与词组262

第五部分 形容词和副词264

一、形容词264

（一）形容词的用法264

（二）形容词的位置264

（三）以a—开头的形容词 的用法266

二、副词269

（一）副词的用法270

（二）副词的构成270

（四）副词的位置271

（三）副词的种类271

三、形容词和副词的比较等级272

四、没有比较级最高级的形容词、副词275

五、合成形容词的构成278

二、介词短语及其用法279

一、介词的种类279

三、常用介词的主要用法举例279

第六部分 介词279

四、易错、常考的介词和介词搭配292

一、动词的基本形式295

二、动词的时态295

第七部分 动词295

（一）一般现在时296

（二）一般过去时297

（三）一般将来时298

（四）过去将来时300

（五）现在进行时300

（六）过去进行时301

（七）现在完成时302

（八）现在完成进行时304

（九）过去完成时305

（一）语态的基本概念306

（二）被动语态的基本概念及构成形式306

三、动词的语态306

的相互变化关系307

（四）被动语态的用法307

（三）主动语态和被动语态307

（五）使用被动语态时注意的几个问题308

（六）被动语态和“连系动词to be＋表语（过去分词）”的区别309

（七）不能变被动语态的句子309

四、动词的语气311

（一）语气的种类311

（二）虚拟语气在条件句中的用法312

（三）虚拟语气的其他用法314

五、情态动词318

六、非限定动词（动词的非谓语形式）326

（一）动词不定式326

（二）动名词332

（三）分词336

第八部分 句子分类341

一、独立主格结构341

二、祈使句343

三、感叹句344

四、there be结构345

第九部分 复合句347

一、主语从句347

二、表语从句348

三、宾语从句348

四、同痊语从句350

五、定语从句350

六、状语从句357

第十部分　其它专项知识371

一、主谓一致371

二、强调形式376

三、关于否定现象379

四、倒装结构381

五、反意问句384

一、阅读理解能力测试的主要要求388

第一部分　怎样做阅读理解题388

二、阅读理解题的考察内容388

篇首导语388

阅读理解篇388

三、阅读理解测试要点及应试策略389

第二部分　词义涉猎的技巧394

一、怎样根据构词知识判断词义394

二、怎样根据语境判断词义397

三、怎样判断同形近义词与同形异义词的词义398

四、怎样判断惯用语的意义398

第三部分　句义理解的技巧399

一、难句理解技巧399

二、注意句义理解的若干语言400

现象400

三、如何判断一句多义405

四、句子复述和推论406

第四部分　文章的阅读与理解407

一、段落的阅读与理解407

二、怎样作判断、推论和结论417

三、全文的阅读与理解421

第五部分　NMET阅读理解（A）题的类型、拟题手段及解题技巧一、NMET阅读理解（A）题的类型特点425

二、NMET阅读理解（A）题的问题类型及拟题手段426

三、NMET阅读理解（A）题的解题技巧429

一、如何限题和写提纲432

第一部分　怎样做《书面表达》题432

二、如何开端和结尾432

篇首导语432

书面表达篇432

三、如何才能答好高考“书面表达”题433

第二部分　各种文体写作434

一、记叙文（Naration）434

二、说明文（Exposition）438

三、应用文（Practical English）440

（一）书信440

（二）通知447

（三）日记451

四、看图写短文（Write About Pictures）453