《THE NATIONAL INTEREST AND THE HUMAN INTEREST AN ANALYSIS OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY》

ONE. THE ELUSIVENESS OF A HUMANE WORLD COMMUNITY3

PURPOSE3

THE CHALLENGE TOHUMANITY'S FUTURE3

Global Problems in a National Context3

The Westphalian System in a Post-Westphalian Era14

A GLOBAL HUMANIST RESPONSE19

An Alternative Framework for Decision Making20

The Utility ufa Value-Centered Approach23

The Application of a Global Humanist Framework to Alternative Images o[ World Order28

TWO. THE STRATEGIC ARMS LIMITATION TALKS38

DESCRIPTION OF U.S. ARMS CONTROL POLICIES42

Antecedents of the Vladivostok Agreement42

The Vladivostok Agreement43

OFFICIAL RATIONAIE COMPARED TO THE VALUES IMPLICIT IN U.S. POLICY44

Professed Value 1: To Slow the Arms Race45

Professed Value 2: To Curtail Arms Expenditures75

Professed Value 3 To Lay the Foundation for Future Arms Reductions81

Professed Value 4: To Reduce International Tensions Exacerbated by the Arms Race98

An Opposing View of the Arms Buildup100

A GLOBAL HUMANIST APPROACH105

Comparison of Professed Values, Implicit Values, and the Minimization of Collective Violence105

An Alternative Framework116

Indicators of World Order Progress118

APPENDIX120

THREE. UNITED STATES FOREIGN AID TO INDIA126

DESCRIPTION OF U.S. AID POLICIES127

Total Assistance128

Grants131

OFFICIAL RATIONALE COMPARED TO THE VALUES IMPLICIT IN U.S. POLICY132

Professed Value I: To Serve U.S. Security Interests132

Professed Value 2: To Protect or Improve Economic Benefits from International Trade and Investment143

Professed Value 3: To Express Humanitarian Concern for People in Need148

Comparison of Professed Values, Implicit Values, and theMaximization of Economic Well-Being150

A GLOBAL HUMANISTAPPROACH177

Universal Minimum Standard of Living177

Empowering the Dispossessed178

Contrasting Value Orientations179

Redistribution of Wealth189

Indicators of World Order Progress194

FOUR- THE UNITED STATES AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN CHIILE196

DESCRIPTION OF U.S. POLICY TOWARD CHILE201

The Problem of Secrecy201

U.S. Policy Toward Self-Determination203

OFFICIAL RATIONALE COMPARED TO THE VALUES.IMPLICIT INU.S. POLICY232

Professed Value I: To Sustain Democratic Parties and Maintain Political Pluralism in Chile232

Professed Value 2: To Protect the Interests of the Chilean People239

Professed Value 3: To Protect United States National Security243

Professed Value 4: To Protect the Interests of U.S. Citizens250

A GLOBAL HUMANIST APPROACH255

Comparison of Professed Values, Implicit Values, and the Promotion of Human Rights255

The Carter Administration267

An Alternative Framework27

Indicators of Worm Order Progress278

FIVE- U.S. POLICY FOR INTERNATIONAL CONTROL OF MARINE POLLUTION282

DESCRIPTION OF U.S. POLICIES TO CONTROL MARINE POLLUTION285

Pollutants285

International Efforts to Control Marine Pollution299

OFFICIAL RATIONALE COMPARED TO THE VALUES IMPLICIT IN U.S. POLICY337

Professed Value 1: To Undertake AU Measures Necessary to Protect the Marine Environment337

Professed Value 2: To Protect and Share Equitably the Common Heritage for All Humanity339

Professed Value 3: To Provide Environmental Leadership among Other Nations343

A GLOBAL HUMANIST APPROACH347

Implicit Values and Environmental Protection347

Inadequacies of Past International Action347

An Alternative Framework359

Indicators of World Order Progress363

SIXBUILDING A JUST WORLD ORDER364

ASSESSING PROGRESS TOWARD A JUST WORLD ORDER364

The Normative Orientation of U.S. Policy364

Domestic Constraints on U.S. Policy367

The Operational Code of Officials371

The Normative Deficiency of U.S. Policy386

THE CONSTRAINTS OF THE PRESENT INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM388

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF WORLD ORDER VALUES393

Organizing for System Change393

The Selection of Means398

Indicators of World Order Progress400

The Transition Process401

Notes409

Bibliography473

Index497