《LIABILITY IN INTERNATIONAL AIR TRANSPORT》

Introduction1

CHAPTER Ⅰ.SCOPE OF THE UNIFORM REGIME OF AIR CARRIERS' LIABILITY7

1.The broad statement of principle(Article 1.1)7

2.Definition of 'international carriage'17

3.High Contracting Parties25

CHAPTER Ⅱ.RESPECTIVE DOMAINS OF THE ORIGINAL CONVENTION AND OF ITS AMENDMENTS37

1.Solutions provided by the Protocols38

2.Transition between the various regimes40

CHAPTER Ⅲ.GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CARRIERS' LIABILITY50

1.Principles governing carriers' liability in common law countries50

2.Principles governing carriers' liability in French law54

3.The maritime law precedent58

CHAPTER Ⅳ.PRINCIPLES UNDERLYING THE LIABILITY PROVISIONS OF THE WARSAW CONVENTION63

1.The basic regime of liability64

2.Error in piloting,in the handling of the aircraft,or in navigation (Article 20.2)69

3.Contributory negligence(Article 21)70

4.Mandatory limits of liability(Articles 22,23)71

5.Unlimited liability in case of dol,wilful misconduct,or equivalent default73

CHAPTER Ⅴ.DOCUMENTS OF CARRIAGE AND CARRIERS' LIABILITY82

1.Delivery of a document of carriage82

2.Contents of the document of carriage91

3.Penalty for non-compliance with the Convention's requirements as to the documents of carriage104

CHAPTER Ⅵ.LIABILITY FOR THE CARRIAGE OF PASSENGERS109

1.Requirement of an accident109

2.Compensable damages111

3.The accident took place on board the aircraft,or in the course of any of the operations of embarking or disembarking131

CHAPTER Ⅶ.LIABILITY FOR THE CARRIAGE OF CHECKED BAGGAGE AND GOODS143

1.Meaning of 'carriage by air'143

2.Surface transport incidental to air carriage151

CHAPTER Ⅷ.LIABILITY FOR DELAY154

1.The materiality of delay154

2.'Delay in the carriage by air'158

3.Assessment of damages160

CHAPTER Ⅸ.EXONERATION OF THE CARRIER161

1.The 'necessary measures' exonerating air carriers161

2.Contributory negligence167

3.Failure to give notice of claim to the carrier170

CHAPTER Ⅹ.LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY176

1.Difficulties relating to the currency used to fix the liability limits176

2.Limitation of liability in passenger cases183

3.Limitation of liability in the carriage of baggage and cargo188

CHAPTER Ⅺ.UNLIMITED LIABILITY OF AIR CARRIERS BASED ON ARTICLE 25193

1.Interpretation of the unamended Article 25194

2.Towards a common definition of the conditions of unlimited liability200

3.Application of the common definition of the conditions for unlimited liability203

CHAPTER Ⅻ.DOES THE WARSAW CONVENTION CREATE A CAUSE OF ACTION?224

1.The situation in the United States224

2.The situation in Australia,Canada,and the United Kingdom228

3.The situation in France231

4.Comparison232

CHAPTER ⅩⅢ.NATURE OF THE ACTION CONTEMPLATED BY THE CONVENTION233

1.Indications provided by the Convention itself234

2.Nature of the action in French courts235

3.Nature of the action in common law countries240

4.Comparison244

CHAPTER ⅩⅣ.THE WARSAW PLAINTIFF248

1.Passenger cases248

2.Baggage and cargo cases249

CHAPTER ⅩⅤ.THE WARSAW DEFENDANT257

1.Situations expressly covered by the Warsaw Convention257

2.Solutions provided by the Guadalajara Convention261

3.The United States271

4.Applicability of the Convention to servants and agents of the carrier275

CHAPTER ⅩⅥ.THE PROPER FORUM284

1.Insertion of Article 28 into the judicial system of each country284

2.Interpretation of the particular grounds of jurisdiction299

CHAPTER ⅩⅦ.LIMITATION OF ACTIONS310

1.Article 29 in French courts310

2.Article 29 in common law courts320

3.Comparison326

CHAPTER ⅩⅧ.CONCLUSION330

1.Recapitulation of the various factors preventing uniform interpretation331

2.Significance of the findings349

3.Possible solutions359

TABLE OF CASES370

BIBLIOGRAPHY387

INDEX397