《MARITIME TRANSPORT》求取 ⇩

Chapter 1The Origins of Shipping1

The Setting and the Beginning:The Ancient Mariners1

Early Sea Law:The Custom of Phoenician,Greek,and Rhodian Sea Trade4

Codification of Early Sea Law:Roman Marine Policy10

Ocean Chaos Leads to New Sea Law:Roman Decline and Mediterranean City-States15

Conclusions19

Chapter 2The Evolution of Marine Transport25

The Expansion of European Sea Trade25

Sovereignty Over the Open Seas:The Early Claims30

The Enlarged Oceans:The Age of Discovery33

Colonies and Conquests:Sea Trade and Maritime Conflict36

The Birth of the Modern Law of the Sea:The Times of Grotius43

Conclusions:Maritime Law and Policy at the End of the Seventeenth Century50

New Oceanic Rivalries:France as a Maritime Power51

Conclusions:Maritime Law and Policy at the End of the Eighteenth Century61

Chapter 3The Making of a Maritime State71

England's Path to Maritime Leadership amid Political Instability71

The Congress of Vienna and the New European Public Order78

The Worldwide Expansion of British Commerce and Sea Trade80

Shipping-Technology Revolution:From Sail to Steam90

The New Route to the East:The Suez Canal93

Maritime Commerce,Law,and Policy and the Industrial Revolution95

Conclusions:A Maritime State Created98

Chapter 4The Creation of Maritime Power107

The Commencement of the Division between Commercial Rules and Public Policy107

The Emergence of New Maritime States111

New Aspects of International Marine-Transport Law and Policy114

Conclusions:Maritime Law and Policy at the End of the Nineteenth Century131

Empires and Colonies,Ships and Trade Routes:The Rivalry for World Power133

Conclusions:Maritime Policies and World Power on Collision Course145

The Growth of the Law of Nations:Last Hope for Humanity147

Conclusions:The Eve of World War I156

Chapter 5World Shipping in War and Peace167

Prelude to World War I:Preparations in Europe and Adventures in Asia167

The War at Sea:The Disappearance of International Law170

Conclusions:The End of World War Ⅰ178

Petroleum:New Energy Source with Revolutionary Shipping Implications180

World Shipping in the Interwar Years188

Conclusions:The Eve of World War Ⅱ200

International Maritime Law in an Unstable Era202

Prelude to World War Ⅱ:Aggression in Asia and Africa,Unrest in Europe209

Total War at Sea:The Struggle for Control of the Oceans213

Conclusions:Victory at Sea220

Chapter 6The Internationalization of Marine Transport233

Introduction:A New Economic System Emerges from the War233

The Creation of the United Nations:Search for World Peace and Stability240

The Law and Policy of World Shipping in the Aftermath of World War Ⅱ245

The Law of the Sea:The Divergence of Ocean-Use Interests248

IMCO:The First Difficult Decade255

The United Nations and the Law of the Sea260

The Changing Political World:Emergence of the Third World272

The Ocean Environment:Marine-Pollution Law and Policy284

Maritime Law and Policy in a New Era291

Chapter 7New Challenges for Marine Transport307

Introduction:Shipping and the Lessons of History307

The Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea316

The Environment:New Challenges for a Fragile System321

IMCO:The Second Important Decade339

UNCTAD and the New International Economic Order346

The New Direction of Marine Transport356

Conclusions:The International Law and Policy of Marine Transport in a changing World361

Bibliography377

List of Statutes411

List of Cases413

Index415

About the Author425