《GLOBAL CAPITALISM ITS FALL AND RISE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY》

Prologue : into the twentieth century1

ROM MERCANTILISM TO FREE TRADE2

FROM SILVER TO COLD6

THREATS TO THE GLOBAL ORDER7

1: Global capitalism triumphant13

THEGOLD STANDARD REAFFIRMED16

SPECIALIZATION AND GROWTH21

GLOBALISM AND ITS DISCONTENTS25

2: Defenders of the global economy28

INTELLECTUAL SUPPORT FOR THE GOLDEN AGE30

NATHAN MAYER ROTHSCHILD, 1840-191533

THE FREE TRADERS39

SUPPORTERS OF THE GOLDEN PILLARS43

GLOBAL NETWORKS FOR A GLOBAL ECONOMY45

THE INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF CAPITAL AND PEOPLE50

GLOBALIZATION54

.3: Success stories of the golden age56

BRITAINOVERTAKEN59

NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND THE NEW INDUSTRIALISM61

PROTECTING THE INFANT INDUSTRIES64

THE AREAS OF RECENT SETTLEMENT68

GROWTH IN THE TROPICS72

HECKSCHER AND OHLIN INTERPRET THE GOLDEN AGE77

4: Failures of development80

.KING LEOPOLD AND THE CONGO81

COLONIALISM AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT87

MISRULE AND UNDERDEVELOPMENT93

STAGNATION IN ASIA95

STAGNATION ON THE PLANTATION98

OBSTACLES TO DEVELOPMENT103

5: Problems of the global economy105

FREE TRADE OR FAIR TRADE?105

WINNERS AND LOSERS FROM TRADE109

SILVER THREATS AMONG THE GOLD111

LABOR AND THE CLASSICAL ORDER117

THE GILDED AGE TARNISHED?121

II things fall apart,1914-1939125

6: "All that is solid melts into air ... "127

ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE GREAT WAR129

EUROPE REBUILDS134

THE TWENTIES ROAR140

AMERICA IN ISOLATION142

A WORLD RESTORED?148

INTO THE VOID154

7: The world of tomorrow155

THE NEW INDUSTRIES157

THE NEW CORPORATIONS160

THE NEW MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES166

DOWN ON THE FARM167

NEW SOCIETIES168

ADVANCES AND RETREATS172

8: The established order collapses173

THE END OF THE BOOM174

GOLD AND THE CRISIS181

FROM THE DARKNESS188

OUT WITH THE OLD...193

9: The turn to autarky195

SEMI-INDUSTRIAL SELF-SUFFICIENCY196

SCHACHT AND THENAZIS REBUILD GERMANY198

AUTARKIC ECONOMIC POLICIES206

EUROPE SWINGS TO THE RIGHT209

SOCIALISM IN ONE COUNTRY215

DEVELOPMENT TURNS INWARD220

THE AUTARKIC ALTERNATIVE228

10: Building a social democracy229

SWEDISH AND AMERICAN ROADS TO SOCIAL DEMOCRACY230

KEYNES AND SOCIAL DEMOCRACY237

LABOR, CAPITAL, AND SOCIAL DEMOCRACY241

SOCIAL DEMOCRACY AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION247

FROM THE ASHES249

1. Reconstruction East and West253

THE UNITED STATES LEADS THE WAY254

THE IMMEDIATE TASK261

DEAN ACHESON, PRESENT AT THE CREATION264

THE UNITED STATES AND EUROPEAN RECONSTRUCTION265

THE SOVIET UNION BUILDS A BLOC271

TWO SYNTHESES276

12. The Brett0n Woods System in Action278

POSTWAR GROVg'rH ACCELERATES279

JEAN MONNET AND A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE283

BRETTON WOODS IN TRADE287

THE BRETTON WOODS MONETARY ORDER290

INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT UNDER BRETrON WOODS292

BRETTON WOODS AND THE WELFARE STATE297

THE SUCCESS OF BRETTON WOODS300

13. Decolonization and Development301

IMPORT-SUBSTITUTING INDUSTRIALIZATION302

THE RUSH TO INDEPENDENCE306

ISI IN THEORY AND PRACTICE309

NEHRO LEADS INDIA TO INDUSTRIALIZATION312

THE THIRDWORLD EMBRACES ISI317

THE MODERN SPREAD OF INDUSTRY320

14. Socialism in Many Countries321

THE SOCIALIST WORLD EXPANDS322

THE SOCIALIST WORLD DIVIDES323

THE CHINESE ROAD329

SOCIALISM tN THE THIRD WORLD334

A SOCIALIST FUTURE?337

15. The End of Bretton Woods339

THE COMPROMISES UNRAVEL342

CHALLENGES TO TRADE AND INVESTMENT346

CRISES OF IMPORT SUBSTITUTION351

SOCIALISM STAGNATES356

END OF AN ERA359

16. Crisis and Change363

OIL AND OTHER SHOCKS364

THE VOLCKER COUNTER-SHOCK372

GLOBALISM378

REGIONALISMAND GLOBALISM383

GLOBAL FINANCE AND NATIONAL FINANCIAL CRISES383

17. Globalizers Victorious392

NEW TECHNOLOGIES, NEW IDEAS394

GLORALIZING INTERESTS400

GEORGE SOROS MAKES MARKETS405

TRADE UNBLOCKED409

18. Countries Catch Up413

GLOBAL PRODUCTION AND NATIONAL SPECIALIZATION416

EXPORT-LED GROWTH ON THE EDGE OF EUROPE AND ASIA419

EAST ASIAN AND LATIN AMERICAN FOLLOWERS423

THE MAPXIST SOCIOLOGIST TAKES POWER426

EASTERN EUROPE JOINS THE WEST430

A NEW INTERNATIONAL DIVISION OF LABOR433

19: Countries fall behind435

REFORM AND TRANSITION DISAPPOINTED437

DEVELOPMENTAL DISASTERS442

THE ZAMBIAN BOAD444

AFRICAN CATASTBOPHE449

PLAGUE,DESTITUTION,AND DESPERATION453

20: Global capitalism troubled457

FINANCIAL FRAGILITY AND THE UNHOLY TRINITY459

THE THREE SARIEST WORDS464

GLOBAL MARKETS:UNGOVERNED OR UNWANTED?470

Conclusion473

A Note on Data and sources477

Acknowledgments478

Notes479

References497

Index517