《PLANT PATHOLOGY》求取 ⇩

1. Introduction2

THE CONCEPT OF DISEASE IN PLANTS2

IMPORTANCE OF PLANT DISEASES - LOSSES5

CLASSIFICATION OF PLANT DISEASES7

HISTORY OF PLANT PATHOLOGY9

IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT DISEASES13

Part Ⅰ. GENERAL ASPECTS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF PLANTS17

2. Parasitism and Disease Development17

PARASITISM AND PATHOGENICITY17

HOST RANGE OF PATHOGENS19

STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DISEASE20

3. Variability in Plant Pathogens25

STAGES AND TYPES OF VARIATION25

MECHANISMS OF VARIABILITY26

4. How Pathogens Attack Plants37

MECHANICAL FORCES EXERTED BY PATHOGENS ON HOST TISSUES37

CHEMICAL WEAPONS OF PATHOGENS40

ENZYMES42

MICROBIAL TOXINS IN PLANT DISEASE61

GROWTH REGULATORS IN PLANT DISEASE69

POLYSACCHARIDES80

5. Pathogen Effects on Plant Physiological Functions83

EFFECT OF PATHOGENS ON PHOTOSYNTHESIS83

EFFECT OF PATHOGENS ON TRANSLOCATION OF WATER AND NUTRIENTS IN THE HOST PLANT87

EFFECT OF PATHOGENS ON HOST PLANT RESPIRATION95

6. How Plants Defend Themselves Against Pathogens STRUCTURAL DEFENSE107

BIOCHEMICAL DEFENSE122

GENETICS OF VIRULENCE IN PATHOGENS AND OF RESISTANCE IN HOST PLANTS143

7. Effect of Environment on Development of Infectious Plant Diseases162

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE162

EFFECT OF MOISTURE165

EFFECT OF LIGHT167

EFFECT OF SOIL REACTION (PH)169

EFFECT OF HOST-PLANT NUTRITION169

THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN PLANT DISEASE EPIDEMICS171

8.Control of Plant Diseases174

REGULATORY METHODS174

CULTURAL METHODS175

BIOLOGICAL METHODS178

PHYSICAL METHODS184

CHEMICAL CONTROL186

METHODS OF PLANT DISEASE CONTROL WITH CHEMICALS187

TYPES OF CHEMICALS USED FOR PLANT DISEASE CONTROL*192+++ MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF CHEMICALS USED TO CONTROL PLANT DISEASES205

Part Ⅱ SPECIFIC PLANT DISEASES209

9. Plant Diseases Caused by Fungi209

INTRODUCTION209

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI210

SYMPTOMS CAUSED BY FUNGI ON PLANTS218

HOW FUNGI CAUSE DISEASE IN PLANTS220

LIFE CYCLES OF FUNGI221

CONTROL OF FUNGUS DISEASES OF PLANTS223

CLUBROOT OF CRUCIFERS225

PYTHIUM SEED ROT, DAMPING-OFF, AND ROOT ROT230

LATE BLIGHT OF POTATOES239

DOWNY MILDEW OF GRAPE248

Rhizopus SOFT ROT OF FRUITS AND VEGETABLES254

POWDERY MILDEW OF ROSE AND PEACH260

APPLE SCAB266

DUTCH ELM DISEASE272

BROWN ROT OF STONE FRUITS280

Fusarium wilt of tomato288

CORN SMUT296

LOOSE SMUT OF BARLEY AND WHEAT301

BUNT, OR STINKING SMUT, OF WHEAT305

STEM RUST OF WHEAT312

10. Plant Diseases Caused by Bacteria322

INTRODUCTION322

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA323

SYMPTOMS CAUSED BY BACTERIA330

HOW BACTERIA CAUSE PLANT DISEASES331

CONTROL OF BACTERIAL DISEASES OF PLANTS332

FIRE BLIGHT334

CROWN GALL342

WILDFIRE OF TOBACCO349

BACTERIAL SOFT ROTS OF VEGETABLES354

BACTERIAL WILT OF CUCURBITS361

BACTERIAL CANKER AND GUMMOSIS OF STONE FRUIT TREES367

11. Plant Diseases Caused by Parasitic Higher Plants378

INTRODUCTION378

CHARACTERISTICS OF PARASITIC HIGHER PLANTS378

IMPORTANCE GROUPS OF PARASITIC HIGHER PLANTS379

DODDER379

WITCHWEED384

DWARFMISTLETOES OF CONIFERS390

12. Plant Diseases Caused by Viruses395

INTRODUCTION395

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANT VIRUSES396

VIRUS INFECTION AND VIRUS SYNTHESIS405

TRANSLOCATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF VIRUSES IN PLANTS409

SYMPTOMS CAUSED BY PLANT VIRUSES414

PHYSIOLOGY OF VIRUS-INFECTED PLANTS416

TRANSMISSION OF PLANT VIRUSES418

STRAINS, CROSS PROTECTION, INTERFERENCE, AND ACQUIRED IMMUNITY425

PURIFICATION OF PLANT VIRUSES426

SEROLOGY OF PLANT VIRUSES427

NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF PLANT VIRUSES428

IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT VIRUSES429

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF PLANT VIRUSES430

CONTROL OF PLANT VIRUSES430

TOBACCO MOSAIC434

CUCUMBER MOSAIC442

ASTER YELLOWS447

CURLY TOP OF SUGAR BEETS455

BARLEY YELLOW DWARF462

NECROTIC RING SPOT OF STONE FRUITS470

WOUND-TUMOR DISEASE478

TRISTEZA DISEASE OF CITRUS488

13. Plant Diseases Caused by Nematodes499

INTRODUCTION499

CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANT PATHOGENIC NEMATODES499

SYMPTOMS CAUSED BY NEMATODES505

HOW NEMATODES AFFECT PLANTS506

INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NEMATODES AND OTHER PLANT PATHOGENS507

CONTROL OF NEMATODES509

ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES514

SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE521

LESION NEMATODES528

STEM AND BULB NEMATODE535

FOLIAR (CHRYSANTHEMUM) NEMATODE541

STUBBY-ROOT NEMATODES546

14. Environmental Factors That Cause Plant Diseases552

INTRODUCTION552

TEMPERATURE553

MOISTURE560

INADEQUATE OXYGEN561

LIGHT562

AIR POLLUTION563

NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES IN PLANTS568

SOIL MINERALS TOXIC TO PLANTS573

IMPROPER AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES575

GENERAL REFERENCES577

BOOKS577

PERIODICALS579

GLOSSARY580

Subject Index613