《READINGS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF LAW》

PART Ⅰ: UNDERSTANDING THE LAW3

1.Legal Authority and the Rule of Law3

Obedience to Law，David Lyons3

Civil Disobedience，Ronald Dworkin6

The Problem of the Grudge Informer，Lon Fuller13

2.Elements of Legal Reasoning: Precedents， Statutes， and the Constitution19

Stare Decisis: The Use of Precedent，C.Gordon Post19

Statutory Interpretation，Edward H.Levi32

Legal Cases on Interpretation Interpreting the Mann Act，Caminetti v.U.S.； Mortensen v.U.S.； and Cleveland v.U.S.38

Can a Murderer Inherit？，Riggs v.Palmer45

The Notion of a Living Constitution，William H.Rehnquist49

On Interpretation: The Adultery Clause of the Ten Commandments，Sanford Levinson56

Constitutional Cases，Ronald Dworkin58

3.Natural Law and Classical Positivism69

On Natural Law，Thomas Aquinas69

The Province of Jurisprudence Determined，John Austin75

4.Formalism and Legal Realism82

Preface to Cases on the Law of Contracts，Christopher Columbus Langdell82

Magnitude and Importance of Legal Science，David Dudley Field83

Realism and the Law，Jerome Frank87

5.Modern Positivism and Its Critics97

Positivism and Separation of Law and Morals，H.L.A.Hart97

Law as the Union of Primary and Secondary Rules，H.L.A.Hart108

The Morality that Makes Law Possible，Lon L.Fuller118

The Model of Rules，Ronald Dworkin124

“Natural” Law Revisited，Ronald Dworkin144

6.Recent Developments161

The Economic Approach to Law，Richard A.Posner161

Efficiency and the Law，U.S.v.Carroll Towing Company174

Critical Legal Studies，Roberl W.Gordon176

Legal Realism， Critical Legal Studies， and Dworkin，Andrew Altman185

Jurisprudence and Gender，Robin West200

The Pragmatist and the Feminist，Margaret Jane Radin223

PART Ⅱ: PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN CRIMINAL LAW237

7.The Adversary System and the Rights of Defendants237

Lawyers’ Ethics in an Adversary System，Monroe H.Freedman237

Building Power and Breaking Images: Critical Legal Theory and the Practice of Law，Peter Gabel and Paul Harris247

Convicting the Innocent，James McCloskey253

A Debate on the Exclusionary Rule，Malcolm Richard Wilkey and Stephen H.Sachs261

Interrogation and the Right to Counsel，Miranda v.Arizona； Brewer v.Williams；and Rhode Island v.Innis273

Prejudicial Publicity and a Jury’s Pretrial Knowledge，Joseph M.Hassett290

Criminal Justice and the Negotiated Plea，Kenneth Kipnis296

8.Punishment: Theory and Practice307

Capital Punishment，Gregg v.Georgia307

The Utilitarian Theory of Criminal Punishment，Richard B.Brandt315

Persons and Punishment，Herbert Morris321

Restitution: A New Paradigm of Criminal ustice，Randy E.Barnett329

Lcgal Cases on Punishment Racial Bias in Sentencing，McCleskey v.Kemp336

Cruel and Unusual Punishment，Rummel v.Estelle339

9.Problems of Criminal Liability343

Survival on a Lifeboat，The Queen v.Dudley and Stephens343

The Principles of Criminal Law，Richard B.Brandt348

Intention，H.L.A.Hart353

Rape，Susan Estrich362

Attempting the Impossible，U.S.v.Ovieda and People v.Dlugash375

Is the Insanity Test Insane？，R.J.Gerber383

What Is So Special about Mental Illness？，Joel Feinberg394

PART Ⅲ: PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN CIVIL LAW405

10.Compensating for Private Harms: The Law of Torts405

Negligence，William Prosser405

Foreseeability of Risk，Stone v.Bolton412

Acts and Their Effects，Baruch A.Brody416

Negligence and Causation，Palsgraf v.Long Island Railroad Co.420

Products Liability: Must the Buyer Beware？，Arthur R.Miller428

The Dccline of Cause，Judith Jarvis Thomson442

Legal Cases on Tort Law A Duty to Rescue？，Yania v.Bigan； Farwell v.Keaton； and McFall v.Shimp452

Wrongful Life and Wrongful Birth，Berman v.Allan457

11.Private Ownership， Private Agreements: The Law of Property and the Law of Contract465

Property，John Locke465

Property and Sovereignty，Morris Raphael Cohen469

Legal Cases on Property Property Acquisition，Haslem v.Lockwood476

Taking Without Compensation，Penn Central Transportation Co.v. New York City480

The Basis of Contract，Morris Raph.ael Colhen485

Contract as Promise，Charles Fried493

Surrogate Mother Contracts，In the Matter of Baby M502

PART Ⅳ: PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW515

12.Liberty and Its Limits:Speech and Privacy515

On Liberty，John Stuart Mill515

A Ride on the Bus，Joel Feinberg527

Legal Cases on Political Speech Foundations of Free Speech，Schenck v.United States and Whitney v.California530

Nazi Marches，Village of Skokie v.National Socialist Party533

Campus Speech Codes，Doe v.University of Michigan537

Legal Cases on Obscenity and Pornography Obscenity，Paris Adult Theatre v.Slaton544

Pornography and Women，American Booksellers v.Hudnut547

Pornography: On Morality and Politics，Catherine A.MacKinnon550

Contraceptives and the Right to Privacy，Griswold v.Connecticut563

Privacy， Homosexuality， and the Constitution，John Arthur570

13.Race， Equality， and the Constitution580

An Inquiry into the Law of Negro Slavery，Thomas R.R.Cobb580

Masters and Slaves，Souther v.Commonwealth582

Legal Cases on Race and the Constitution Slavery as Constitutionally Protected，Scott v.Sanford584

Separate But Equal，Plessy v.Ferguson588

The Great School Desegregation Case，Brown v.Board of Education590

Wartime Internment of Japanese Americans，Korematsu v.United States593

Gender Discrimination，Michael M.v.Sonoma County Superior Court599

The Rights of Allan Bakke: An Exchange，Ronald Dworkin and Respondents602

Appendix: The Bill of Rights and the Fourteenth Amendment，615