《现代经济学词典》求取 ⇩

Abatement Cost 消除有害事物的成本1

Ability and Earnings 能力与收入1

前言页1

英汉词目表1

正文1

Ability to Pay Theory支付能力说，负税能力说1

英汉词目表1

AACB非洲中央银行协会1

Absolute Cost Advantage 绝对成本优势2

Absolute Income Hypothesis 绝对收入假设2

Absolute Advantage 绝对优势2

Abnormal Profits 非正常利润2

Above the Line 线上项目2

Abscissa 横坐标2

Absenteeism 不遵守劳动契约2

Absentee Landlord 不在地主2

Absorption Approach 吸收分析法3

Maturity 到期日3

Absolute Value 绝对值3

Absolute Monopoly 绝对垄断3

Absolute Prices 绝对价格3

Absolute Scarcity 绝对稀缺3

Accelerator Principle 加速原理4

Accelerator Coefficient 加速系数4

Abstinence 节欲4

Accelerated Depreciation 加速折旧4

Accelerating Inflation 加速通货膨胀4

Accelerator 加速数4

Accessions Tax 继承税，财产增益税5

Accession，Treaty of 加入条约5

Acceptance 承兑5

Accepting House 承兑行，承兑银行5

Account 帐户，结帐6

Accommodating Transactions 调节交易6

Access／Space Trade－off Model 距离／场地折衷选择模型6

Accommodating Monetary Policy 适应性货币政策6

Active Balance 活动余额7

Action Lag 行动时滞7

Accounting Standards Committee 会计标准委员会7

Accrued Expenses 应计费用7

Achieving Society，The 成功的社会7

Across－the－board Tariff Changes 全面调整关税7

Additive Utility Function 相加的效用函数8

Addition Rule 相加规则8

Activity Analysis 活动分析8

Activity Rate 活动率8

ADB 非洲开发银行8

ADB 亚洲开发银行8

Adding Up Problem 相加问题8

Additional Worker Hypothesis 追加工人假设8

Administrative Lag 管理时滞10

Administered Prices 操纵价格10

Address Principle 地址原理10

ADF 非洲发展基金10

Adjustable Peg System 可调整的钉住汇率制度10

Adjusted■ 调整的■10

Adjustment Lags 调整时滞10

Adjustment Process 调整过程10

Corporation Tax 公司税11

Advertising 广告11

Ad valorem Tax 从价税11

Advance 预付垫款11

Advance Corporation Tax（ACT） 预付公司税11

Advanced Countries 发达国家11

Adverse Balance 逆差11

Age-Earnings Profile 年龄－收入图12

Advertising-Sales Ratio 广告－销售比率12

AFL－CIO 劳联－产联12

African Development Bank 非洲开发银行12

African Deveiopment Fund 非洲发展基金12

Africanization 非洲化12

Aggregate Demand Curve 总需求曲线13

Agency Shop 工会代理制企业13

Agglomeration Economies 聚集经济13

Aggregate Concentration 总体集中13

Aggregate Production Function 总量生产函数14

Aggregate Expenditure 总支出14

Aggregate Income 总收入14

Aggregate Output 总产出14

Aggregate Supply Curve 总供给曲线15

Agricultural Mortgage Corporation 农业抵押贷款公司16

Aggregation Problem 加总问题16

Agricultural Credit Corporation 农业信贷公司16

Agricultural Earnings 农业收入16

Agricultural Exports 出口农产品16

Agricultural Lag 农业滞后16

Agricultural Levies 农业税16

Agricultural Wages Board 农业工资委员会17

Agricultural Reform 农业改革17

Agricultural Sector 农业部门17

Agricultural Subsidies 农业补贴17

Allocative Efficiency 配置效率18

Aid 援助18

Aitken Estimator 艾特肯估计式18

Alienation 异化18

Ailen，Sir RoY George Douglas 艾伦18

爵士，罗伊·乔治·道格拉斯18

Allocation Function 配置职能18

Allow and Expenses for Income Tax 所得税的减免和开支19

Allowances and Expenses for Corporation Tax 公司税的减免和开支19

Amortization 分期偿还20

Almon Lag 阿尔蒙滞后20

Alternative Technology 可供选择的技术20

Altruism 利他主义20

Amalgamation 合并20

American Federation of Labour 美国劳工联合会20

American Selling Price 美国销售价格20

AMF 阿拉伯货币基金20

Andean Group 安第斯集团21

Amplitude 振幅21

Analysis of Variance 方差分析21

Anarchy 无政府主义21

Anchor Argument 制动器论点21

Average Expected Income 平均预期收入22

Animal Spirits 非理性的动物精神22

Annecy Round 阿讷西回合22

Annual Allowances 年度折旧减免22

Annual Capital Charge 每年资本费用22

Annuity 年金22

Anomalies 反常22

Anticipated Inflation 预期的通货膨胀22

Antilogarithm 反对数22

Ant■ ■22

Appreciation 升值23

Apprenticeship 学徒23

Appropriate Products 适用产品23

Appropriate Technology 适用技术23

Appropriation Account 拨款帐户24

Approval Voting 赞同投票24

A Priori 先验的，演绎的24

Aquinas，St．Thomas 阿奎那，托马斯24

Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa 非洲经济发展阿拉伯银行25

Arab Common Market 阿拉伯共同市场25

Arab Fond for Economic and Social Development 阿拉伯经济和社会发展基金25

Arbitration 仲裁25

Arab Monetary Fund 阿拉伯货币基金25

Arbitrage 套汇，套利25

Arab Fund for Technical Assistance to Arab and African Countries 对阿拉伯和非洲国家技术援助的阿拉伯基金26

Are Elasticity of Demand 需求的弧弹性26

Arid－zone Countries 干旱地区国家26

ARIMA Forecasts 自回归综合移动平均数预测26

■ ■26

■ 算术平均数26

Arichmetic Progression 算术级数26

Arrow Kennc■h J． 阿罗，肯尼思26

Arusha Convention 阿鲁沙协定27

‘A’ Shares “A”类股票27

Asian Development Bank 亚洲开发银行27

Aspiration Level 欲望水平27

Assessable Income or Profit 应课税的收入或利润27

Assessable Profits 应课税的利润27

Asset 资产27

Asset Stripping 资产剥夺27

Assignment Problem 指派问题27

Assisted Areas 受援地区28

Association of African Central Banks 非洲中央银行协会28

Dealers 国际债券经销商协会28

Association of South East Asian Nations 东南亚国家联盟28

Assurance 保险28

Asymptote 渐近线28

‘New View’on Money Supply 货币供应量的“新见解”29

Atomistic Competition 原子式竞争29

Attribute 特征29

Attrition 损耗29

Auctioneer （General） 拍卖人（一般意义的）29

Auctioneer（Walrasian） 拍卖人（瓦尔拉式的）29

Auction Markets 拍卖市场29

Augmented Philips Curve 扩大的菲利普斯曲线29

Asymptotic Distribution 渐近分布29

Austrian School 奥地利学派（奥国学派）30

Autocorrelation 自相关30

Automatic Stabilizers 自动稳定器30

Autarky 闭关自守30

Automation 自动化31

Autonomous Investment 自发的投资31

Autonomous Transactions 自发的交易31

Autonomous Variables 自主变量31

Autoregression 自回归31

Availability Effects 可获性效应31

Average 平均31

Autonomous Expenditures 自发的支出31

Average Cost 平均成本32

Average Cost Pricing 平均成本定价32

Average Fixed Costs 平均固定成本32

Average Product 平均产量33

Average Productivity 平均生产率33

Average Propensity to Consume 平均消费倾向33

Average Propensity to Save 平均储蓄倾向33

Average Rate of Tax 平均税率33

Average Revenue 平均收入33

Average Revenue Product 平均收入产品33

Average Total Cost 平均总成本34

Average Variable Costs 平均可变成本34

Averch-Johnson Effect 艾弗奇—约翰逊效应34

Axiom of Completeness 完备性公理34

Axiom Continuity 连续性公理34

Axiom of Convexity 凸性公理34

Axiom of Dominance 优势公理34

Axiom of Preference 偏好公理34

Axiom of Selection 选择公理35

Back－haul Rates 回程运费36

Backward Bending Supply Curve of Labour 后向弯曲的劳动力供给曲线36

Backward Integration 后向结合36

Backward Linkage 后向联动36

Backwash Effects 回波效应36

Bad 有害物37

‘Bad Money Drives out Good’“劣币驱逐良币”37

Bagehot Walter 巴奇霍特，沃尔特37

Balanced Budget 平衡预算37

Balanced－budget Multiplier 平衡预算乘数37

Balanced Economic Development 平衡的经济发展37

Balanced Growth 平衡增长37

Balance of Payments 国际收支37

Balance of Trade 贸易差额39

Balance Principle，The 平衡原则39

Balance Sheet 资产负债表40

Bancor 班柯40

Bandwagon Effect 随波效应40

Bank 银行41

Bank Advance 银行垫款42

Bank Bill 银行票据42

Bank Charter Act 银行特许法42

Bank Credit 银行信贷43

Bank Deposits 银行存款43

Bank for International Settlements 国际清算银行43

Banking Panic 银行业恐慌44

Banking School 银行学派44

Bank Loan 银行贷款44

Bank Note 银行券45

Bank of England 英格兰银行45

Bank Rate （中央）银行贴现率46

Bankruptcy 破产46

Baran，Paul 巴伦，保罗46

Bargaining Tariff 协议关税47

Bargaining Theory of Wages 工资谈判理论47

Barlow Report 巴洛报告49

Barometric Price Leadership 晴雨表或价格领导49

Barriers to Entry 进入行业的障碍49

Barter 易货贸易49

Barter Agreements 易货协定50

Barter Economy 物物交换经济50

Base Period 基期50

Base Rate 基本利率50

Basic Activities 基本活动50

Basic Exports 基本出口货物50

Basic Industries 基础工业50

Basic Needs Philosophy 基本需要哲学50

Basic Wage Rates 基本工资率50

Basing-point System 基点制50

Bayesian Techniques 贝叶斯法51

Bearer Bonds 不记名债券51

Bears 空头51

Beggar-my-neighbour Policies 以邻为壑政策51

Behavioural Equation 行为方程52

Bebavioural Expectations 行为预期52

Bebavioural Theories of the Firm 厂商的行为理论52

Below the Line 线下项目52

Benefit-Cost Analysis 效益成本分析53

Benefit-Cost Ratio 效益－成本比率53

Benefit Principle 受益原则53

Benelux Economic Union 比、荷、卢经济联盟53

Bentham Jeremy 边沁，杰里米54

Bergsonian Social Welfare Function 柏格森的社会福利函数54

Bemoulli Hypothesis 伯努利假设54

Bertrand s Duopoly Model 伯特兰的双头垄断模型54

Best Linear Unbiased Estimater（BLUE） 最佳线性无偏估计式55

Betting and Gaming Duties 打赌和赌博税55

Beveridge Report 贝弗里奇报告55

Beveridge System 贝弗里奇制度56

Bias 偏倚56

Bid 出价56

Bid-rent Fenction 出价租金函数56

Bifurcation Hypothesis，The 分歧假设56

Big Push 大推动56

Bilateral Assistance 双边援助57

Bilateral Monopoly 双边垄断57

Bilateral Trade 双边贸易57

Bill 汇票，票据57

Bill Broker 票据经纪人58

Bills Only 专营国库券58

Binary Variable 双值变量58

Biological Interest Rate 生物利息率58

Birth Rate 出生率58

BIS 国际清算银行59

Bivariate Analysis 二变量分析59

Black Market 黑市59

Bliss Point 满足点59

Blue－Coliar Workers 蓝领工人59

Blue Book 蓝皮书59

Blue Chip 热门股票59

Bond 债券60

B■hm-Bawerk Eugen Von 庞巴维克，欧根，冯60

Borda Count 博尔达计数61

Bond Market 债券市场61

Bonus Issue 红利股61

Book Value 帐面价值61

Boom 高涨61

Brain Drain 人才外流62

Boulwarism 博尔韦尔制度62

Bounded Rationality 有界合理性62

Bourgeoisie 资产阶级62

Box-Jenkins 博克斯—詹金斯法62

‘Break-even’Level of Income “收支两平”的收入水平63

Branch Banking 分行制度63

Brand Loyalty 对商标的忠诚63

Break－even Analysis 损益平衡分析，收支两平分析63

Dudget 预算64

Bretton Woods 布雷顿森林64

Bretton Woods System 布雷顿森林体系64

Broker 经纪人64

Brokerage 经纪人佣金64

Brussels Treaty of 布鲁塞尔条约64

Brussels Conference 布鲁塞尔会议64

Brussels Tariff Nomenclature 布鲁塞尔关税商品分类64

Budgetary Control 预算控制65

Budget Deficit 预算赤字65

Budget Line 预算线65

Budget Surplus 预算盈余65

Bullion 金银块66

Buffer Stocks 缓冲存货，调节性库存66

Building Society 房屋互助协会66

Built-in Stabilizers 内在稳定器66

Business Risk 企业风险67

Bulls 多头67

Bureaucracy，Economic Theory of 官僚政治的经济理论67

Bureaux 政府机关67

Business Behaviour 企业行为67

Business Cycle 经济周期67

Business Performance 企业经营实绩67

Buyers Market 买方市场68

Buyer Concentration 买方集中68

Block Grant 整笔拨款69

Calculus 微积分69

Call Money 拆款69

Call Option 买进期货选择权69

Cambridge Equation 剑桥方程式69

Cambridge K 剑桥K69

Cambridge School 剑桥学派69

Cambridge Theory of Money 剑桥货币理论70

CAP 共同农业政策70

Capacity Model 生产能力模型70

Capacity Utilization 生产能力利用率70

Capital 资本70

Capital，Marginal Efficiency of 资本的边际效率70

capital Account 资本帐户，资本项目70

Capital Accumulation 资本积累70

Capital Allowances 资本减免，投资优惠扣除70

Capital Asset资本资产71

Capital Assistance 资本援助71

Capital Budgeting 编制资本预算71

Capital Charges 资本费用71

Capital Coefficients 资本系数71

Capital Consumption Allowance 资本消耗减免72

Capital Controversy 资本争论72

Capital Deepening 资本深化72

Capital Equipment 资本设备72

Capital Expenditure 资本支出72

Capital Formation 资本形成72

Capital Gain 资本增值，资本利得72

Capital－intensive Sector 资本集约的部门72

Capital Gains Tax 资本增值税，资本利得税73

Capital Goods 资本货物73

Capital Intensity 资本集约度73

Capital Intensive 资本集约73

Capital－intensive Economy 资本集约的经济73

Capital Gearing 资本搭配73

Capital-intensive Techniques 资本集约的技术74

Capitalism 资本主义74

Capitalization 资本总额，资本化74

Capitalization Issue 资本化发行74

Capitalization Rates 资本化比率74

Capitalized Value 资本化价值74

Capital－Labour Ratio 资本－劳动比率74

Capital-Labour Substitution 资本－劳动替代75

Capital Loss 资本损失75

Capital Market 资本市场75

Capital Movements 资本移动75

Capital－Output Ratio 资本－产出比率75

Capital Rationing 资本限额配给75

Capital Requirements 资本需要76

Capital-reversing 资本反转76

Capital Services 资本服务76

Capital Stock 资本存量76

Capital Stock Adjustment Principle 资本存量调整原理76

Capital Structure IUIS 资本结构76

Capital Tax 资本税77

Capital Theory 资本理论77

Capital Transfer Tax 资本转移税77

Capital Turnover Criterion 资金周转准则78

Capital Widening 资本扩大78

Capitation Tax 人头税78

Capture Theory 俘获理论78

Cardinalism 基数论78

Cardinal Utility 基数效用78

Caribbean Community and Common Market 加勒比共同体和共同市场79

Caribbean Development Bank 加勒比开发银行79

Car Tax 车辆税79

Cartel 卡特尔79

Cartel Sanctions 卡特尔制裁80

Cash 现金80

Cash Balance Approach 现金余额分析80

Cash Crops 经济作物80

Cash Flow 现金流量80

Cash Limit 现金限制80

Cash Ratio 现金比率80

Casual Employment 临时就业81

Categorical Grant 分类拨款81

CBI 英国工业联合会81

Ceiling 最高限额81

Celler-Kefauver Act 塞勤－凯弗维尔法81

Central American Bank for Economic Integration 中美洲经济一体化银行82

Central American Common Market 中美洲共同市场82

Central Band 中央银行82

Central Bank of Central Banks 中央进行的中央银行83

Central Bank of West African States 西菲国家中央银行83

Central Business District 中心商业区83

Centralization of Reserves 储备集中化83

Central Limit Theorem 中心极限定理83

Central Place Theory 中心区位理论84

Central Planning 中央计划84

Central Policy RevieW Staff 中央政策评议组84

Central Statistical Office 中央统计局84

Certainty Equivalence 确定性等价84

Certificate of Deposit 存款单84

Ceteris Paribus 其他情况均同（保持不变）84

Chain Rule 链式法则85

Chamberlin Edward 张伯伦，爱德华85

Characteristics Theory 特征理论85

Charge Account 零售赊账86

Charged in Full 全部费用86

Cheap Money 廉价货币，低息贷款86

Check-off 扣除86

Cheque 支票86

Cheque Card 支票卡86

Chicago School 芝加哥学派86

Child Allowance 儿童补贴86

Chi-square Distribution 卡方分布86

Choice of Technology 技术选择87

Choice Variable 选择变量87

CIF 到岸价格87

CIO 产联87

Circular Flow of Income 收入的循环流转87

Circulating Capital 流动资本87

Clark，John Bates 克拉克，约翰·贝茨87

Classical Dichotomy 古典的二分法88

Classical Economics 古典济学88

Classical School 古典学派89

Claasical’System of Company Taxation “古典的”公司税制度89

Classical Techniques 古典方法89

Clay－Clay 陶土－陶土89

Clayton Act 克莱顿法89

Clean Float 清洁浮动，自由浮动90

Clearing Banks 清算银行，交换银行90

Clearing House 票据交换所90

Closed Economy 封闭经济90

Closed Shop 排外性雇佣制企业90

Closing-prices 收盘价格91

Club Goods 俱乐部财货91

Clubs Theory of 俱乐部理论91

Coase’s Theorem 科斯定理92

Cobb－Douglas Production Function 科布－道格拉斯生产函数92

Cobweb Theorem 蛛网定理92

Cochrane-Orcutt 柯克兰－奥克特法93

Coefficient of Determination 可决系数，决定系数93

Coefficient of Variation 变差系数93

Coercive Comparisons 强制比较94

Cofactor 余因子94

Coinage 铸币94

Coinage Debasement 铸币降低成色94

COLA 生活费用调整94

Collateral Security 附带担保品94

Collective Bargaining （劳资）集体谈判95

Collective Choice 集体选择95

Collective Goods 集体财货95

Collinearity 共线性95

Collusion 串通共谋95

Collusive Ohgopoly 串通寡头95

Collusive Price Leadership 串通的价格领导95

Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic Development South and South-East Asia 南亚和东南亚经济发展合作科伦坡计划95

Comecon 经互会96

Command Economy 中央控制经济96

Commercial Banks 商业银行96

Commercial Bill 商业票据96

Commercial Paper 商业票据96

Commercial Policy 商业政策96

Commodities 商品96

Commodity Money 商品货币96

Commodity Space 商品空间96

Commodity Terms of Trade 商品贸易条件96

Common Agricultural Policy 共同农业政策97

Common Customs Tariff 共同关税97

Common External Tariff 共同对外关税97

Common Facility Co-operatives 共同设施合作社97

Common Market 共同市场98

Commonwealth Development Corporation 英联邦开发公司98

Co-operation 英联邦技术合作基金98

Communism 共产主义98

Community Indifference Curves 社会无差异曲线98

Company 公司98

Company Bargaining 公司谈判99

Company Director 公司董事99

Company Savings 公司储蓄100

Comparability 可比性100

Comparability Argument 可比性论据100

Comparative Advantage 比较利益，相对有利条件100

Comparative Costs 比较成本101

Comparative Dynamics 比较动态学101

Comparative Statics 比较静态学101

Comparative Demand Curves 补偿需求曲线101

Compensating Variation 补偿变差101

Compensation Principle 补偿原则101

Compensation TestS 补偿检验101

Competition Act 1980 竞争法．1980年101

Competition and Credit Control 竞争与信贷控制102

Competitive Markets 竞争性市场103

Complements 互补商品103

Complex Number 复数103

Composite Commodity Theorem 综合商品定理103

Compound Interest 复利103

Concave Function （Concavity） 凹函数（凹性）104

Con■niration 集中104

concentration Coefficient of 集中系数104

Concentration Ratio 集中率104

Concerted Action 一致行动105

tion 伸缩的关税削减法105

Conciliation 调解105

Condorcet Criterion 孔多塞标准105

Confidence Interval 置信区间105

（CBI） 英国工业联合会106

Confidence Problem 信心问题107

Congestion Costs 拥挤成本107

Conglomerate Merger 联合大企业的兼并107

Conglomerates 联合大企业107

Conjectural Behaviour 推测行为107

Conjectural Variation 推测变化107

Consistency 一致性107

Consolidated Fund 统一基金108

Consols 统一公债108

Consortium Bank 联营银行，国际财团108

Conspicuous Consumption 炫耀性消费108

Constant Amplitude 不变■108

Constant Capital 不变资本109

Constant Elasticity of Substitution109

Production Function 固定替代弹性的生产函数109

Curve 固定市场份额需求曲线109

Constant Returns to Seale 规模报酬不变109

Constrained Optimization 约束最优化109

Constraint 约束109

Consumer 消费者109

Consumer Credit 消费信贷110

Consumer Demand Theory 消费者需求理论110

Consumer Durable 耐用消费品110

Consumer Equilibrium 消费者均衡110

Consumer Expenditure 消费者支出111

Consumer Goods and Services 消费品和劳务111

Consumer Price Index 消费物价指数111

Consumer’s Surplus 消费者剩余111

Consumption 消费111

Consumption Expenditure 消费支出111

Consumption Function以 消费函数111

Contingency Reserve 应急准备金112

Contingency Table 列联表112

Continuous Variable 连续变量112

Contract Curve 契约曲线112

Contractionary Phase 收缩阶段113

Convergence Thesis 趋同论113

Convergent Cycle 收敛周期113

Conversion 转换113

Convertibility 可兑换性113

Convertible Bond 可兑换债券113

Convertible Loan Stock 可兑换信用债券113

Convertible Security 可兑换证券113

Convex Functions （Convexity） 凸函数（凸性）113

Cooling off Period 冷却期114

Co－ordinated Wage Policy 协调的工资政策114

Core，The 核心114

Corner Solution 拐角解114

Corn Laws 谷物法114

Corporate Capitalism 公司资本主义114

Corporate Conscience 公司意识114

Corporate Risk 公司风险114

Corporate State 公司国家115

Corporation 公司115

Correlation 相关116

Cost-Benefit Analysis 成本－效益分析117

Correlogram 相关图117

Correspondent Banks 代理银行117

‘Corset’“紧身衣式限制”117

cost 成本117

Cost Minimization 成本最小化119

Cos－effectiveness Analysis 成本－有效性分析119

Cost－inflation 成本－通货膨胀119

Cost Insurance Freight 成本保险运费119

Cost of Capital 资本成本120

Council of Economic Advisers （CEA） 经济顾问委员会121

Cost of Living 生活费用121

Costs of Protection 保护成本121

Cost－Plus Pricing 成本加成定价121

Cost-push Inflation 成本推进的通货膨胀121

Coupon 息票122

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance 经济互助委员会（经互会）122

Council of Arab Economic Unity 阿拉伯经济联合委员会122

Countercyclical 反周期的122

Countervailing Power 抵消力量123

Cournot’S Duopoly Model 库尔诺的双头垄断模型123

Coupon Payments 息票支付123

Cournot，Antoine A 库尔诺，安托万123

Craft Unions 职业工会，同业工会124

Covariance 协方差124

CPRS 中央政策评议组124

Credit 信贷，信用125

Cramer’s Rule 克拉默法则125

Crawling Peg 小步调整的汇价钉住，蠕动钉住125

Credentialism 文凭主义125

Credit Creation 信用创造126

Credit Account 赊购帐户126

Credit Card 信用卡126

Credit Ceiling 信贷最高限额126

Credit Control 信贷控制126

Credit Multiplier 信用乘数127

Credit Guarantee 信贷担保127

Credit Transfer 信用转帐128

Creditor Nation 债权国128

Credit Rationing 信贷配给128

Credit Restrictions 信贷限制128

Creditors 债权人128

Credit Squeeze 信用紧缩128

Cross-section 截面，横断面129

Creeping Inflation 爬行的通货膨胀129

Critical Value 临界值129

Cross Elasticity of Demand 需求的交叉弹性129

Cross-entry 交叉进入129

Cross Partial Derivative 交叉偏导数129

Cubic 三次方程130

Cross-section Consumption Function 截面消费函数130

Cross-subsidization 交叉补贴130

Crowding Hypothesis 拥护假设130

Crowding Out 挤占130

CSO 中央统计局130

Currency Control 货币管制131

Cultural Change 文化变革131

Culture of Poverty Hypothesis 贫困文化假设131

Cumulative Causation Model 累积因果模型131

Cumulative Preference Shares 累积优先股131

Cumulative Shares 累积股131

Currency 通货131

Currency Appreciation 货币升值131

Currency School 通货学派132

Currency Depreciation 货币贬值132

Currency Notes 流通券132

Currency Principle 通货原理132

Custom and Practice 惯例与实践133

Current Account 往来帐户，经常项目133

Current Assets 流动资产133

Current Cost Accounting 现行成本会计133

Current Income 本期收入133

Current Liabilities 流动负债133

Current Profits 本期利润133

Customs Excise and Protective Duties 关税、消费税和保护关税134

Customer Markets 买主市场134

Customs Co－operative Coumc■ 关税合作理事会134

Cycling 循环135

Customs Union 关税同盟135

Cyclical Unemployment 周期性失业135

Deadweight-loss 实在损失136

D136

Damage Cost损害成本136

Damped Cycle 减幅周期，阻尼周期136

Data 数据136

Dated Securities 定期证券136

DCF 折现的现金流量136

Deadweight Debt 实在债务136

Debt Management 债务管理137

Dear Money 昂贵货币，高利率货币137

Debased Coinage 贬值铸币137

Debentures 债券137

Debt 债务137

Debt Conversion 债券转换137

Debt Finance 举债筹措资金137

Decision Function 决策函数138

Debtor Nation 债务国138

Debt Ratio 债务比率138

Decile 十分位数138

Decimal Coinage 十进币制138

Deficit 赤字139

Decision Lag 决策时滞139

Decision Rule 决策规则139

Decision Theory 决策理论139

Decreasing Cost Industry 成本递减的工业139

Decreasing Returns 报酬递减139

Decreasing Returns to Scale 规模报酬递减139

Deferred Ordinary Shares 延期付息的普通股139

Degrees of Freedom 自由度140

Deficit Financing 赤字财政140

Deficit Units 亏损单位140

Deflation 通货紧缩140

Deflationary Gap 通货紧缩缺口140

Deflator 消胀指数140

Degree of Homogeneity 齐次度140

Demand-deficient Unemployment 需求不足型失业141

Deindustrialization 非工业化141

Demand 需求141

Demand Curve 需求曲线141

Demand Increase 需求增加142

Demand for Inflation 对通货膨胀的需求142

Demand for Money 货币需求142

Demand Function 需求函数142

Demography 人口统计学143

Demand Management 需求管理143

Demand pull Inflation 需求拉上的通货膨胀143

Demand Schedule 需求表143

Demand-shift Inflation 需求变动引起的通货膨胀143

Depletion Allowance 资源耗损减免144

Deposit 存款144

Dependence Structure 依附结构144

Dependency Burden 抚养负担144

Denpendent Variable 应变量144

Depreciation 折旧，贬值145

Deposit Money 存款货币145

Deposit Account 存款帐户145

Deseasonalization 消除季节隆因素146

Derived Demand 派生需求146

Depressed Area 萧条地区146

Depression 萧条146

Derivative 导数146

Development Area 开发地区147

Developing Countries 发展中国家147

Desired Capital Stock 期望的资本存量147

Determinant 行列式147

Detrending 消除长期趋势147

Devaluation 货币降值，贬值147

Differentiated Growth 差别增长148

Differentials 差别148

Development Planning 发展规划148

Development Strategy 发展战略148

Deviation 离差148

Difference Equation 差分方程148

Difference Principle 差别原理148

Density Gradient 密度梯度（密度变化率）149

Direct Taxes 直接税149

Differentiation 差别化，微分149

Diffusion 扩散149

Dillon Round 狄龙回合149

Diminishing Marginal Utility 边际效用递减149

Diminishing Returns 报酬递减，收益递减149

Direct Gosts 直接成本149

Direct Deoit 直接记入借方149

Discounted Cash Flow 折现的现金流量150

Directors 董事，理事150

Director’s Law 迪勒克托定律150

Dirty Float 肮脏浮动，干预浮动150

Disadvantaged Workers 处境不利的工人150

Discharges 解雇者150

Discounting 贴现，折现151

Discounted Cash Flow Yield 折现的现金流量收益151

Discount House 贴现行，贴现公司151

Discouraged Worker 失望工人假设152

Discount Market 贴现市场152

Discount Rate 贴现率，折现率152

Discrimination 差别待遇，歧视153

Discrete Variable 离散变量153

Discretionary Profits 相机抉择利润153

Discretionary Stabilization 相机抉择的稳定153

Discriminating Monopoly 价格的垄断153

Disintermediation 金融中介机构作用的削减154

Discriminatory Pricing 差别定价154

Diseconomies of Growth 增长的不经济154

Diseconomies of Scale 规模的不经济154

Disembodied Technical Progress 未被体现的技术进步154

Disequilibrium 非均衡154

Disguised Unemployment 隐蔽的失业154

Disincentive 抑制作用154

Disinflation 通货收缩154

Distributed Lags 分布滞后155

Disinvestment 负投资155

Displacement Effect 置换效应155

Disposable Income 可支配收入155

Dissaving 负储蓄，超支155

Distance Costs 距离成本155

Distributional Equity 分配的公平156

Distributed Profits 已分配利润156

Distribution，Theories of 分配理论156

Disturbance Term 扰动项157

Distributional Weight 分配的权数157

Distribution Function 分配职能157

Distributive Judgement 分配评价157

Distributive Justice 分配的公正157

Dividend 股息158

Disutility 负效用158

Divergent Cycle 发散周期158

Diversification 经营多样化158

Diversifier 分散经营者158

Dobb，Maurice 多布，莫里斯159

Dividend Cover 盈利对股息的比率159

Dividend Payout Ratio 股息支付率159

Dividend Yield 股息收益率159

Division of Labour 分工159

Domestic Credit Expansion 国内信用扩张额160

Dollar Certificate of Deposit 美元定期大额存款单160

Domar Evsey D． 多马．埃弗赛160

Dual Decision Hypothesis 双重决策假设161

Dominant Firm Price Leadership 占支配地位厂商的价格领导161

Double－coincidence of Wants 需要的双方吻合161

Double Counting 重复计算161

Double Factoral Terms of Trade 双重要素的贸易条件161

Double Switching 双重转辙161

Double Taxation and Double Taxation Relief 双重课税和双重课税免除161

Dow Jones Index 道琼斯指数161

Dummy Variable 虚设变量162

Dualism，Theory of 二重性理论162

Dual Labour Market Hypothesis 双重劳动力市场假设162

Durbin h－Statistic 德宾－h统计量163

Dumping 倾销163

Duopoly 双头垄断163

Duopsony 两家买主垄断163

Duration of Unemployment 失业期限163

Dynamic Theories Comparative Advantage 动态比较利益理论164

Durbin－Watson statistic 德宾－沃森统计量164

Dynamic Economics 动态经济学164

Dynamic Model 动态模型164

Dynamic Peg 动态钉住164

Earnings 收入，收益166

E166

Earmarking指定用途，专款专用166

Earned Income 劳动收入166

Economic Base 经济基础167

Earnings Drift 收入变动167

Earnings Function 收入函数167

Easy Money 银根松动167

ECE 欧洲经济委员会167

ECGD 出口信贷担保局167

Econometric Model 经济计量模型167

Econometrics 经济计量学167

Economic Development 经济发展168

Economic Base Multiplier 经济基础乘数168

Economic Community 经济共同体168

Economic Community of West African States 西非国家经济共同体168

Economic Co-operation Administration 经济合作总署168

Economic Man 经济人169

Economic Development Committee 经济发展委员会169

Economic Development Institute 经济开发协会169

Economic Dynamics 经济动态学169

Economic Efficiency 经济效率169

Economic Growth 经济增长169

Economic Imperialism 经济帝国主义169

Economic Liberalism 经济自由主义169

Economic Surplus 经济剩余170

Economic Planning 经济计划170

Economic Rent 经济租金170

Economies of Growth 增长的经济171

Economic Theory of Politics 政治的经济学理论171

Economic Union 经济联盟171

Economic Welfare 经济福利171

Edgeworth，Francis Ysidro 埃奇沃思，弗朗西斯·伊西德罗172

Economies of Learning 学习的经济效果172

Economies of Scale 规模经济172

Economy of High Wages 高工资经济172

ECSC 欧洲煤钢联营172

ECU 欧洲货币单位172

Effective Demand 有效需求173

Edgeworth Box 埃奇沃思方框173

EEC 欧洲经济共同体173

EEC Agricultural Levies 欧洲经济共同体农业税173

Efficient Markets Hypothesis 有效市场假设174

Effective Rate of Protection 实际保护率174

Effective Rate of Tax 实际税率，有效税率174

Efficiency-Earnings 效率收入174

Efficiency Units 效率单位174

■ Paper 合格票据175

Effort Aversion 厌恶努力175

EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联想175

EIB 欧洲投资银行175

Elasticity 弹性175

Elasticity of Demand 需求弹性175

Elasticity of Input Substitution 投入替代弹性175

■ Ratio 合格资产比率175

Endogenous Income Ilypothesis 内生收入假设176

■ Goods 高档商品176

EMA 欧洲货币协定176

■ Progress 被体现的技术进步176

Employments 报酬176

Employment Service 就业服务处176

Employment Subsidies 就业补助176

EMS 欧洲货币体系176

Engel Curve 恩格尔曲线177

Endogenous Money Supply 内生货币供应量177

Endogenous Variable 内生变量177

Engagements 雇用177

Entrepreneurial Supply Price 企业家供给价格178

Engineering Method 工程法178

Entitlement Principle 权利原则178

Entrepreneur 企业家178

EPU?欧洲支付同盟179

Entrepreneurship 企业家身份企业家才能179

Entry Barriers 进入的障碍179

Entry Boreatalling Price 阻止进入的价格179

Environmental Conditions 环境条件179

Environmental Determinism 环境决定论179

Environmental Impact Analysis 环境影响分析179

Equal Sacrifice Theories 均等牺牲说180

Equal Advantage 同等利益180

Equalization Grants 平衡补助金180

Equalizing Occupational Differentials 平衡职业差别180

Equal Pay 同酬180

Equilibrium Level of National Income 均衡国民收入水平181

Equation of Exchange 交易方程式181

Equilibium 均衡181

Equity 公平182

Equilibrium Price 均衡价格182

Equilibrium Rate of Inflation 均衡通货膨胀率182

Equities 股票182

Errors in Variables 变量误差183

Equity Capital 股份资本，自有资本183

Equivalence Scale 等价尺度183

Equivalent Commodity Scale 等价商品尺度183

Equivalent Income Scale 等价收入尺度183

Estate Duty 遗产税184

Estate Duties Investment Trust 遗产税投资信托公司184

Escalators 自动调整条款184

Equivalent Variation 等价变差185

Euler＇s Theorem 欧勒定理185

Estate Economy 庄园经济185

Estimation 估计185

Estimator 估计式，估计量185

EUA 欧洲记帐单位185

European Coal and Steel Community 欧洲煤钢共同体（欧洲煤钢联营）186

Eurocurrency Market 欧洲货币市场186

Euro-dollars 欧洲美元186

European Agricukural Guidance and Guarantee Fund 欧洲农业指导和保证基金186

European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体187

European Common Market 欧洲共同市场187

European Community 欧洲共同体187

European Currency Unit （ECU） 欧洲货币单位187

European Development Fund 欧洲发展基金187

European Fund 欧洲基金189

European Economic Community Budget 欧洲经济共同体预算189

European Free Trade Association（EFTA） 欧洲自由贸易联盟189

European Monetary Co－operation Fund 欧洲货币合作基金190

European Investment Bank（EIB） 欧洲投资银行190

European Monetary Agreement（EMA） 欧洲货币协定190

European Monetary System （EMS） 欧洲货币体系191

European Monetary Fund 欧洲货币基金191

European Monetary Unit of Account 欧洲货币记帐单位191

European Social Fund 欧洲社会基金192

European Payments Union（EPU） 欧洲支付同盟192

European Recovery Programme 欧洲复兴方案192

European Regional Development Fund 欧洲地区发展基金192

Excess Capacity Theory 生产能力过剩说193

European Unit of Account（EUA）欧洲记帐单位193

Eurostat 欧洲共同体统计署193

Ex Ante 事前193

Excess Capacity 生产能力过剩193

Exchange Equalization Account 外汇平准帐户194

Excess Demand 超额需求194

Excess Supply 超额供给，供给过剩194

Exchange194

Exchange Control 外汇管制194

Expatriates 移居国外者195

Exchange Rate 汇率195

Exchange Reserves 外汇储备195

Exchequer 国库195

Excise Duty 国内消费税，货物税195

Excludable 可排除的196

Exclusion 排他196

Exclusion Principle 排他原则196

Exclusive Bargaining Rights 独家谈判权利196

Executives 高级管理人员196

Exempt Goods 免税商品196

Exhaustive Voting 逐个淘汰制投票196

Existence，theorem of 存在性定理197

Exit-voice Model 退出－呼声模型197

Exogeneity of Money Supply 货币供应量的外因197

Exogenous 外生的197

Exogenous Variable 外生变量197

Expansionary Phase 扩张阶段197

Expansion Path 扩展线197

Expectation Lax 预期滞后198

Expectations 预期198

Expectations，Augmented 扩大的预期198

Expenditure Tax 消费支出税199

Expected Inflation 预期的通货膨胀199

Expected Net Returns 预期净收益199

Expected Value 预期值199

Expenditure-switching Policies 支出转换政策199

Expense Preference 费用偏好200

Expenditure-variation Controls 支出变化控制200

Export led Growth 出口带动的增长201

Explanatory Variable 解释变量201

Explicit Function 显函数201

Exploitation 开发，剥削201

Explosive Cycle 爆发性周期201

Exponeatal 指数201

Export 出口201

Export-Import Bank 进出口银行201

External Balance 对外平衡202

Export Promotion 出口鼓励202

Exports Credits Guarantee Department 出口信贷担保局202

Ex Post 事后202

Extensive Margin 粗放边际202

Externalities 外基因素，外部因素203

External Deficit 对外逆差203

External Diseconomy 外部不经济203

External Economies and Diseconomies of scale 规模的外部经济与不经济203

Extemal Economy 外部经济203

External Finance 外部资金203

External Growth 外部增长203

External Reserves 对外储备204

External Labour Market 外部劳动力市场204

Extrema 极值205

Extrancous Information 外来信息205

Factor-price Frontier 要素价格边界206

F206

Factor Augmenting Technical Progress要素增广的技术进步206

Factor Endowment 生产要素赋206

Factor Incomes 要素收入206

Factoring 代理经营206

Factor-price Differentials 要素价格差别206

Pactor-price Equalization 要素价格均等化206

Fair Trading Act 1973 公平贸易法，1973年207

Factor Proportions 要素比例207

Factor Reversals 要素反转207

Factors of Production 生产要素207

Factor Utilization 要素利用207

Fair Comparisons 公平比较207

Family Income Supplement 家庭收入补充208

Fair Trading Office of 公平贸易局208

Fair Wages 公平工资208

False Trading 虚假贸易208

Family Expenditure Survey 家庭支出调查208

FederaL Funds Market 联邦资金市场209

Family-unit Agricuiture 家庭单位的农业209

FAO 粮食及农业组织209

FASB 财务会计标准委员会209

FCI 工业金融公司209

Featherbedding 超额雇工209

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation （FDIC） 联邦储蓄保险公司209

Implicit Price Deflator 综合价格消胀指数210

Federal Home Loan Bank System（FHLBS） 联邦住宅贷款银行系统210

Federal National Mortgage Association （FNMA） 联邦全国抵押协会210

Federal Open Mark Committee 联邦公开市场委员会210

Federal Reserve System 联邦储备系统210

Federal Trade Commission Act 联邦贸易委员会法211

Feedback／Entrapment Effects 反馈／诱使效应211

Feudalism 封建主义211

Fiat Money 不兑现纸币212

Fiduciary Issue 信用发行212

Filter 过滤器212

Filtering 过滤212

FIML 完全信息极大似然法212

Final Goods 最终产品212

Final Ofier Arbitration 最后提议的仲裁213

Final Product 最终产品213

Finance 资金融通213

Finance Houses Market 金融公司市场213

Finance House 金融公司213

Finance Houses Association 金融公司联合会213

Financial Capital 金融资本214

Financial Accounting Standards Board（FASB）财务会计标准委员会214

Finance Corporation for Industry 工业金融公司215

Financial Instrument 金融凭证215

Financial Intermediary 金融中介215

Financial Ratios 财务比率215

Financial Risk 金融风险215

Financial Times Actuaries Share Indices 金融时报统计师股票指数215

Financial Times Industrial Ordinary Index 金融时报工业普通股指数215

Financial Times Stock Indices 金融时报股票指数216

Financial Year 财务年度216

Fine Tuning 微调216

Firm 厂商，企业216

Firm，Theory of The 厂商理论216

First Difference 一阶差分217

First Order Conditions 一阶条件217

Fiscal Decentralization 财政的地方分权217

Fiscal Drag 财政拖累217

Fiscal Federalism 财政联邦主义217

Fiscal Hlusion 财政幻觉218

Fiscal Afultiplier 财政乘数218

Fiscal Policy 财政政策218

Fiscal Welfare Benefits 财政福利津贴218

Fisher，Irviog 费雪，欧文218

Fisher Equation 费雪方程式219

Fixed Asset 固定资产219

Fixed Coefficients Production Function 固定系数生产函数219

Fixed Cost 固定成本220

Fixed Exchange Rate 固定汇率220

Fixed Factors 固定要素220

Fixed Investment 固定投资220

Fixed Labour Costs 固定人工成本220

Fixed Proportions in Production 固定比例生产220

Flat Yield 统扯收益221

Flexible Exchange Rate 可变汇率221

Flexitime 弹性时间221

Flight From Cash 抛售现金221

Floating Capital 流动资本221

Floating Charge 流动质权221

Floating Debt 流动债务221

Floating Exchange Rate 浮动汇率221

Floating Pound 浮动英镑221

Floor 最低限额221

Flotation 发行222

Flow 流量222

FOB 离岸价格222

Food and Agricultural Organization 粮食及农业组织222

Footloose Industries 可自由选址的工业222

Forced Riders 强制享用者222

Forced Saving 强制储蓄223

Foreign Aid 外援223

Foreign Balance 外汇结存223

Foreign Exchange 外汇223

Foreign Exchange Market 外汇市场223

General Classification of Economic Activities in the European Communities 欧洲共同体经济活动总分类223

Foreign Exchange Reserve 外汇储备224

Foreign Payments 对外交付224

Foreign Trade Multiplier 对外贸易乘数224

Foreign Investment 外国投资224

Forward Contract 期货合同225

Forward Integration 前向结合225

Forward Linkage 前向联动225

Forward Market 期货市场225

Forward Exchange Market 外汇期货市场225

Forward Rate 远期汇率226

Fractional Reserve Banking 部分准备金银行制度226

Franked Investment Income 免税投资收入226

Foundation Grant 基金补助金226

Free Exchange Rates 自由汇率227

free Goods 自由财货227

Free Market 自由市场227

Free Market Economy 自由市场经济227

Free On Board 离岸价格227

Free Rider 免费享用公共货物者，无功受禄者227

Freedom of Entry 进入市场的自由227

Free Trade 自由贸易228

Frequency Distribution 频数分布228

Frictional Unemployment 摩擦性失业228

Friedman，Milton 弗里德曼，米尔顿228

Free Trade Area 自由贸易区228

Fringe Benefits 附加福利229

F-Statistic F统计量229

Full Bodied Money 足价货币229

Full Cost 完全成本229

Frisch，Ragnar 弗里希，拉格纳229

Full Cost Pricing 全成本定价230

Full-employment National Income 充分就业的国民收入230

Full-employment Unemployment Rate 充分就业下的失业率230

Full Information Maximum Likelihood（FIML）完全信息极大似然法230

Function 函数230

Full－employment Budget Surplus 充分就业的预算盈余230

Function of a Function Rule 复合函数法则231

Funded Debt 固定债务231

Funding 短期债务长期化231

Future 期货231

Futures Market 期货市场231

G232

GAB借款总协定232

Gains From Trade 贸易利益232

Galbraith，John Kenneth 加尔布雷思，约翰·肯尼思232

Galloping Inflation 奔驰式的通货膨胀233

Game Theory 对策论，博弈论233

GATT 关贸总协定234

Gauss Markov Theorem 高斯—马尔可夫定理234

Gearing 借入资本与自有资本之比234

Gearing Ratio 借入资本与总资本的比率235

General Agreements Borrow 借款总协定235

Functional Costing 职能成本法236

General Theory of Employment， Interest and Money 就业、利息和货币通论236

General Equilibrium 一般均衡236

General Grant 一般性拨款236

Generalized Least Squares（GLS）广义最小平方法236

General Linear Model（GLM） 一般线性模型236

Geographic Frontier 地理边界237

General Training 一般培训237

General Unions 总工会237

Geneva Conference 日内瓦会议237

Geneva Round 日内瓦回合237

Genoa Conference 热那亚会议237

Gilt-edged Securities 金边证券238

Geometric Lag 几何滞后238

Geometric Progression 几何级数238

Gibrat’s Law of proportionate Growth 吉布拉特比例增长定律238

Giffen Goods 吉芬货物238

Gifts Tax 赠与税238

Giro System 直接转帐制度239

Gini Coefficient 吉尼系数239

Gold Exchange Standard 金汇兑本位制240

Glejser Test 格莱塞检验240

Gold－bricking 限制生产定额240

Golden Age’Growth “黄金时代”的增长240

Golden Rule 黄金法则240

Golden Rule of Accumulation 积累的黄金法则240

Gold Standard 金本位241

Gold Export Point 黄金输出点241

Goldfeld-Quandt Test 戈德菲尔德—匡特检验241

Gold Import Point 黄金输入点241

Gold Market 黄金市场241

Gold Points 黄金输送点241

Grand Factor Price Frontier 总要素价格边界242

Goodness of Fit 拟合优度242

Goods 货物，商品242

Goodwill 商誉242

Gosplan 苏联国家计划委员会242

Government Deficit 政府赤字242

Government Expenditure 政府支出242

Government National Mortgage Association 政府全国抵押协会243

Government Securities 政府证券243

Gradualism 渐进主义243

Graduate Tax 毕业税243

Green Pound 绿色英镑244

Grandfather Clause 老祖父条款244

Grant 拨款244

Grant－in－aid 补助金244

Gravity Model 引力模型244

Gross Barter Terms－of Trade 总易货贸易条件245

Green Revolution 绿色革命245

Gresham＇s Law 格雷欣定律245

Growth-gap Unemployment 增长不足型失业246

Gross Domestic Fixed Capital Formation 国内固定资本形成总额246

Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值246

Gross Investment 总投资246

Gross Margin 毛利246

Gross National Income 国民总收入246

Gross National Product 国民生产总值246

Gross National Product Deflator 国民生产总值消胀指数246

Gross Profit 总利润，毛利246

Gross Trading Profit 总营业利润246

Group of Ten 十国集团246

Group of 77 七十七国集团246

Growth-stock Paradox 增长－股价悖论247

Growth Path 增长途径247

Growth Pole 增长极247

Growth－profitability Function 增长－盈利函数247

Growth Theories of the Firm 厂商的增长理论248

Guaranteed week 有保证的周工资249

Growth Theory 增长理论249

Growth－valuation Function 增长－估价函数249

Guideposts 工资增长指标250

Guidelines 工资增长限制线250

Guidepost Following 向工资标准看齐行为250

Hard－core Unemployed 长期失业者251

H251

Haberler，Gottfried哈伯勒，戈特弗里德251

Habit－creation Demand Function 习惯－创造需求函数251

Halesbury Committee 霍尔斯伯利委员会251

Hammered 被击锤宣布无力偿债251

Harrod-Domar Growth Model 哈罗德—多马增长模型252

Hard Currency 硬通货252

Harrod，Sir Roy F．哈罗德爵士，罗伊252

Havana Charter 哈瓦那宪章253

Harrod Neutral Technical Progress 哈罗德的中性技术进步253

Heckscher-Ohlin Approach to International Trade 赫克歇尔－俄林的国际贸易理论254

Hayek，Friedrich A．Von 哈耶克，弗里德利希·A·冯254

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 关税及贸易总协定255

Hedging 套期保值交易255

Hedonic Price 内涵价格256

Hedonism 享乐主义256

Herfindahl Index 赫芬达尔指数256

Heterogeneity 异质性257

Heterogeneous Capital 异质资本257

Heterogeneous Product 异质产品257

Heteroscedasticity 异方差性257

Hicks Sir John R．希克斯爵士．约翰257

Hicks－Hansen Diagram 希克斯—汉森曲线图258

Hicks Neutral Technical Progress 希克斯的中性技术进步258

Hidden Unemployment 隐蔽的失业258

High Powered Money 高效货币，强力货币258

Hire Purchase 分期付款购货259

Hiring Standards 雇用标准260

Histogram 直方图260

Historical Costs 历史成本260

Historical Models 历史模型260

Historical School 历史学派260

Historicism 历史主义261

Hoarding 窖藏261

Holding Company 控股公司261

Homogeneity 同质性261

Homogeneous Functions 齐次函数262

Homogeneous Product 同质产品262

Homogeneous Production Functions 齐次的生产函数262

Homoscedasticity 同方差性262

Horizontal Equity 横向公平262

Horizontal Integration 横向结合262

Hot Money 游资262

Human Capital 人力资本263

Hume，David 休谟，大卫263

Hunt Report 亨特报告263

Hyperbola 双曲线264

Hyper-inflation 恶性通货膨胀264

Hypothesis Testing 假设检验264

I265

IBRD国际复兴开发银行265

ICFC 工商金融公司265

IDA 国际开发协会265

Identification Problem 识别问题265

Identity 恒等式265

Identity Matrix 单位矩阵265

Idiosyncratic Exchange 特质交易265

Infant Industry 幼稚工业266

Idle Balances 闲置余额267

ILO 国际劳工组织267

Imaginary Number 虚数267

IMF 国际货币基金组织267

Imitative Growth 仿效性增长267

Immiserizing Growth 贫困化增长267

Impact Analysis 影响分析267

Illquidity 非流动性267

Impact of Taxation 税收的影响268

Imperfect Competition 不完全竞争268

Impact Multiplier 影响系数268

Imperfect Markets 不完全市场268

Imperialism 帝国主义268

Imperfect Information 不完全的信息269

Implicit Contracts 默认契约269

Implicit Cost 隐含的成本269

Implicit Function 隐函数269

implementation Lag 执行时滞269

Implicit Rental Value 隐含的租金价值270

Import 进口，输入270

Import Duty 进口税270

Import Quota 进口限额270

Import Restrictions 进口限制270

Import Substitution 进口替代270

Import Tariff 进口税271

Impossibility Theorem 不可能性定理271

Impure Public Goods 非纯粹的公共货物271

Imputed Rent 估算的租金271

Inactive Money 呆滞货币271

Incentive Payment System 奖励工资制271

Incidence of Taxation 税收负担，税收归宿271

Income 收入272

Income，Circular Flow of 收入的循环流转272

Income Consumption Curve 收入消费曲线272

Income Determination 收入的确定272

Income Differentials 收入差距272

Income Effect 收入效应273

Income Elasticity of Demand 需求的收入弹性273

Income－Expenditure Model 收入－支出模型273

Income Maintenanca 收入保证政策274

Income-Sales Ratio 收入－销售比率274

Incomes Policy 收入政策274

Income Tax 所得税276

Income Terms of Trade 收入贸易条件277

Income Velocity of Circulation 收入流通速度277

Increasing Returns to Scale 规模报酬递增277

Incremental Capital-Output Ratio（ICOR） 边际资本产出率277

Independent Variable 自变量278

Indexation 指数化278

Indexation of Tax Allowances and Taxation 课税减免指数化与税收278

Index Number 指数278

Index Number Problem 指数问题278

Indicative Planning 指示性计划279

Indifference 无差异279

Indifference Curve 无差异曲线279

Indifference Map 无差异曲线图279

Indirect Least Squares（ILS） 间接最小平方法280

Indirect Taxes 间接税280

Indirect Utiiity Function 间接效用函数280

Indivisibilities 不可分性281

Industrial Action 产业行动281

Corporation 工商金融公司281

Industrial Bank 工业银行，实业银行281

Industrial Bankers Association 工业银行家协会281

Industrial Complex Analysis 工业综合分析281

Industrial Democracy 产业民主282

Industrial Development Certificate（IDC） 工业发展许可证282

Industrial Dispute 劳资争议282

Industrial Inertia 产业惯性282

Industrial Organization 产业组织282

Industrialization 工业化283

Industrial Relations 劳资关系284

Industrial Reorganization Corporation 工业改组公司284

Industrial Unions 产业工会284

Industrial Wage Differentials 部门工资差别，行业工资差别284

Industrial Wage Structure 部门工资结构，行业工资结构285

Industry 行业，工业285

Industry wide Bargaining 行业谈判285

Inelsstic 无弹性的285

Inequality 不等式285

Inferior Goods 低档货物286

Infant Industry Argument for Protection 幼稚工业保护论据286

Inference 推断286

Inflation Accounting 通货膨胀会计287

Inflation 通货膨胀287

Inflation Suppressed 被抑制的通货膨胀287

Inflation Tax 通货膨胀税288

Inflationary Gap 通货膨胀缺口288

Inflationary Spiral 螺旋式的通货膨胀288

Inflation Subsidy 通货膨胀补贴288

Inland Bill 国内汇票289

Informal Sector 非正式部门289

Information 信息289

Infra-marginal Externality 边际内的外部效应289

Infrastructure 基础设施289

Inheritance Tax 遗产税289

Injections 注入289

In-kind Redistribution 实物再分配289

Inside Lag 内部时滞290

Innovation 创新290

Input 投入290

Input Orieatalion 投入导向290

Input-Output（I-O） 投入－产出290

Instalment Gredit 分期付款信贷291

Inside Money 内部货币291

Insolvency 无力清偿291

Instruments 工具292

Institutional Economics 制度经济学292

Institutional Training 公共培训292

Instrumental Variables（I．V．） 工具变量292

International Development Association 国际开发协会293

Insurance 保险293

Insurance Premium 保险费293

Intangible Assets 无形资产293

Integer 整数293

Integrated Economy 一体化经济293

Integration 积分293

Intended Inventory Investment 有意的存货投资293

Intensive Margin 集约的边际293

Inter American Development Bank 泛美开发银行294

Inter-Bank Market 银行同业拆放市场294

Intercept 截距294

Interdependent Utility 互相依存的效用294

Interest 利息294

Intergovernmental Grants 政府间拨款294

Interlocking Directorates 兼任董事295

Intermediate Areas 中间地区295

Intermediate Goods 中间产品295

Intermediate Lag 中间时滞295

Intermediate Technology 中间技术295

Intermediate Technology Development Group 中间技术开发组织295

Intermediate Variables 中间变量296

Internal Drain 内部流失296

Internal Finance 内部资金296

Internal Growth 内部增长296

‘Internal ’Labour Market “内部”劳动力市场296

Internal Rate of Return 内部收益率296

Internal Wage Differentials 内部工资差别296

struction and Development 国际复兴开发银行296

International Cartel 国际卡特尔297

International Clearing Union 国际清算同盟297

International Commodity Agreements 国际商品协定297

International Co-operation Administration 国际合作署298

International Finance Corporation 国际金融公司298

International Division of Labour 国际分工298

International Economics 国际经济学298

International Liquidity 国际清偿能力299

International Investment Bank 国际投资银行299

International Labour Office 国际劳工组织299

International Monetarism 国际货币主义300

International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织301

International Trade 国际贸易303

International Payments System 国际支付系统303

Classification 国际标准工业分类303

International Sugar Organization 国际食糖组织303

International Tin Council 国际锡理事会303

Interstate Commerce Act 州际商法304

International Trade Organization 国际贸易组织304

International Wheat Council 国际小麦理事会304

Interpersonal Comparisons of Utility 个人间效用比较304

Interquartile Range 四分位数间距304

Inverse Function Rule 反函数规则305

Interval Estimation 区间估计305

‘In the Bank’“在银行里”305

Inventories 存货305

Inventory Cycle 存货循环305

Inventory Investment 存货投资305

Investment Criteria 投资准则306

Investment 投资306

Involontary Unemployment 非自愿失业307

Investment Grants 投资拨款307

Investment Income Surcharge 投资收入附加税307

Investment Trust 投资信托公司307

Invisibles 无形项目307

IS－LM Diagram IS－LM曲线图308

Iron Law of Wages 工资铁律308

Irredeemable Loan Stock 不兑现公司债券308

Irredeemable Preference Shares 不兑现优先股308

IS Curve IS曲线308

ISIC 国际标准工业分类308

Islamic Development Bank 伊斯兰开发银行308

Iso－product Curve 等产量曲线309

Iso-cost Curve 等成本曲线309

Iso－outlay Line 等支出线309

Issued Capital 已发行股本310

Iso-profit Curves 等利润曲线310

Isoquant 等量曲线310

Iso－revenue Line （Curve） 等收入线（曲线）310

Issuing Houses Association 发行公司协会311

Issue Department 发行部311

Issuing Broker 发行经纪人311

Issuing House 证券发行公司311

ITO 国际贸易组织312

Jevons，W． Stanley 杰文斯，斯坦利313

J313

J Curve J型曲线313

‘Jelly’ Capital“腋状”资本313

Job Competition Theory 职业竞争理论314

Jobber 股票经纪人，证券交易人314

Job Cluster 职业群314

Job Search 职业选择315

Jon Creation 职位创造315

JOb Duplication 兼职315

Job Evaluation 职务评估315

Johnson，Harry Gordon 约翰逊，哈里·戈登316

Job Search Channels 求职途径316

Job Shopping 寻求理想工作316

Joint Ventures 合资经营317

Joint Probability Distributions 联合概率分布317

Joint Products 关联产品317

Joint Profit Maximization 共同利润最大化317

Join Stock Company 股份公司317

Just Price 公平价格318

Juglar Cycle 朱格拉周期318

Justice as Fairness 公平即公正318

Kaldor Nicholas 卡尔多，尼古拉斯319

K319

kahn，Richard F．卡恩，理查德319

Kennedy Round肯尼迪回合320

Kaldor-Hicks Test 卡尔多—希克斯检验320

Kalecki Michael 卡莱茨基，米契尔320

Kantorovich，Leonid 康托罗维奇，列昂尼德320

Keynes，John Maynard 凯恩斯，翰·梅纳德321

Key Bargain 基准谈判321

keynesian Cross 凯恩斯交叉324

Keynes Effect 凯恩斯效应324

Key Rates 基准工资率325

Kinked Demand Curve 拗折的需求曲线325

Keynesian Growth Theory 凯恩斯增长理论325

Keynes Plan，The 凯恩斯计划325

Klein，Lawrence R．克莱因，劳伦斯326

Knight，Frank 奈特，弗兰克327

Knife Edge 刃锋327

Koyck Transformation 科伊克变换328

Koopmans，Tjalling 库普曼斯，狄贾林328

Kondratieff Nikolai D．康德拉捷夫，尼古拉328

Kuznets Simon 库兹涅茨，西蒙329

Labour Force Participation Rate 劳动力参加率330

Labour Force 劳动力330

L330

Labour劳动，劳动力330

Labour Augmenting Tecbnical Progress 劳动力增广的技术进步330

Labour Economics 劳动经济学330

Labour Power 劳动力331

Labour Marker 劳动力市场331

Labour Hoarding 劳动力贮存331

Labour Intensive 劳动密集331

Labour Standard 劳动标准332

Labour’Share 劳动的分配份额332

Labour-saving Techniques 节约劳力的技术332

Labour Theory of Value 劳动价值论333

Labour-surplus Economy 劳动力剩余的经济333

Labour Supply 劳动的供给333

Laissez－faire 自由放任主义334

Lagrangean Technique 拉德朗日方法334

Laffer Curve 拉弗曲线334

Lagged Relationship 滞后关系334

Land Reform and Tenure 土地改革与土地占有335

Land Intensive 土地密集335

Land 土地335

Laspeyres Price Index 拉尔斯物价指数336

Lange，Oscar 兰格，奥斯卡336

Land Tax 土地税336

Lausanne School 洛桑学派337

Latin American Free Trade Association 拉丁美洲自由贸易协会337

Latin American Economic System 拉丁美洲经济体系337

Leading Links Principle 主导环节原则338

Layoffs 解雇338

Law of Demand 需求法则338

Law of Diminishing Returns 报酬递减规律，收益递减规律338

Law of Variable Proportions 可变比例规律338

Layfield Report 莱菲尔德报告338

Lease 租赁339

Learning （or Learning by Doing） 学习（或边干边学）339

Leading Sector 主导部门339

Leakages 漏出339

Leap－Frogging 交互跃进339

Least Squares 最小平方法340

Lender of Last Resort 最后贷款者340

Least Cost Method of Production 最低成本的生产方法340

Leontief Paradox 里昂惕夫悖论，里昂惕夫之谜341

Lerner，Abba 勒纳，阿巴341

Leontief Inverse 里昂惕夫倒数341

Leontief，Wassily 里昂惕夫，瓦西里341

Level of Significance 显著水平342

Leverage 杠杆率342

Letter of Credit 信用证342

Lerner Case 勒纳实例342

Lerner Index 勒纳指数342

Less Developed Countries 欠发达国家342

Lewis，Sir W．Arthur 刘易斯士，阿瑟343

Lewis－Fei－Ranis Model 刘易斯—菲—拉尼斯模型343

LIBOR 伦敦银行同业拆放利率344

Licensed Deposit Takers 特许收储机构344

Liberalism 自由主义344

Liabilities 负债，债务344

‘Lifeboat’“救生艇”345

Life－Cycle Hypothesis 生命周期假设345

Limited Liability 有限责任346

Limit Pricing 限制性定价346

Limited Information（LI） 有限信息346

Limited Company 有限公司346

Linear Estimator 线性估计式347

Linear Expenditure Systems 线性支出系统347

Linear Dependence 线性相关347

Lindahl Model 林达尔模型347

Linder Thesis 林德尔命题347

Linear Combination 线性组合347

Liquidation 资产清理348

Liquidity 流动性348

Liquid Asset 流动资产348

Linear Function 线性函数348

Linearly Homogeneous 线性齐次348

Linear Probability Model 线性概率模型348

Linear Programming 线性规划348

Liquidity Ratio 流动比率，清偿能力比率349

Liquidity Trap 流动性陷阱349

Liquidity Preference 流动性偏好349

Listed SecuritIes 挂牌证券，上市证券350

Little－Mirrlees Method 利特尔—米尔利斯方法350

Loan 贷款351

Loanable Funds 可贷资金351

LM Curve LM曲线351

Local Authorities＇Market地方机构融资市场352

Local Finance 地方财政352

Loan Stock 公司债券352

Loan Capital 借贷资本352

Local Public Goods 地方公共货物353

Locational Integration 区位一体化353

Local Multiplier 地方乘数353

Local Labour Market 地方劳动力市场353

Location Quotient 区位商354

Location Theory 区位理论，选址理论354

Locational Interdependence 区位的相互依存354

Logit Analysis 对数成败比率分析357

Log－linear 对数线性357

Logistic Function 逻辑函数357

Locking－in Effect 锁住效应357

Lockout 停业357

Logarithm 对数357

Lombard Street 伦巴第人街358

Lome Convention 洛美协定358

Logrolling 互投赞成票358

Log-normal Distribution 对数正态分布358

Long-run 长期359

Learning Curve 学习曲线359

Long Rate 长期利率359

London Money Market 伦敦货币市场359

Long Cycle Theory 长周期理论359

Long－dated Securities 长期证券359

Long-haul Economies 长距离运输经济359

Long－run Consumption Function 长期消费函数360

Long-run Average Cost 长期平均成本360

L■sch Model 勒施模型361

Lorenz Curve 洛伦茨曲线361

Long-run Marginal Cost 长期边际成本361

Long－term Capital 长期资本361

Luxury Taxes 奢侈品税362

Luxury 奢侈品362

Loss Function 损失函数362

Loss Leader Pricing 吸引顾客的特价商品定价法362

Loss－offsetting Provisions 损失补偿条款362

Low－level Equilibrium Tra 低水平均衡陷阱362

Low Wage Trade 低工资贸易362

Macroeconomics 宏观经济学364

Macmillan Gap 麦克米伦缺口364

M364

Macmillan Committee麦克米伦委员会364

Marginal Analysis 边际分析365

Malthus，Rev．Thomas Robert 马尔萨斯，托马斯·罗伯特365

Majority Rule 多数裁定规则365

Malleable Capital 可延展的资本365

Managerial Slack 管理松弛366

Malthus＇ Law of Population 马尔萨斯的人口规律366

Managemant 管理366

Management Science 管理科学366

Manager-controlled Firm 经理控制的企业366

Managerial Capitalism 经理阶层控制的资本主义366

Managerial Discretion 管理上的相机抉择366

Managerial Revolution 管理革命366

Manpower Policy 人力政策367

Managerial Theories of the Firm 厂商的管理理论367

Managerial Utility Function 管理的效用函数367

Managing Director 总经理，常务董事367

Manoilescu Argument 曼诺列斯库论据367

Marginal Cost of Funds Schedule 资金的边际成本表368

Manual Workers 体力劳动者368

Margin 边际368

Marginal 边际的368

Marginal Cost 边际成本368

Marginal Efficiency of Capital Schedule 资本边际效率表369

Marginal Efficiency od Capital 资本的边际效率369

Marginal Cost Pricing 边际成本定价369

Marginal Damage Cost 边际损害成本369

Marginal Disutility 边际负效用369

Marginal Physical Product 边际物质产品370

Marginal Per Capita Reinvestment Quotient Criterion 边际人均再投资商数准则370

Marginal Efficiency of Investment 投资的边际效率370

Marginal Efficiency of Investment Schedule 投资边际效率表370

Marginal Propensity to Consume 边际消费倾向371

Marginal Productivity Doctrine 边际生产率理论371

Marginal Product 边际产品371

Marginal Rate of Tax 边际税率372

Marginal Rate of Substitution 边际替代率372

Marginal Propensity to Import 边际进口倾向372

Marginal Propensity to Save 边际储蓄倾向372

Marginal Propensity to Tax 边际课税倾向372

Marginal Propensity to Withdraw 边际漏出倾向372

Marginal Revenue Product 边际收入产品373

Marginal Revenue 边际收入373

Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution 边际技术替代率373

Marginal Rate of Transformation 边际转换率373

Keynesian Economics 凯恩斯经济学374

Market Classification 市场分类374

Marginal Utility 边际效用374

Marginal Utility of Income 收入的边际效用374

Marginal Utility of Money 货币的边际效用374

Market 市场374

Market Failure 市场失灵375

Marke Demand Curve 市场需求曲线375

Mark Demand Curve for Labour 劳动的市场需求曲线375

Market Economy 市场经济375

Marketing Boards 销售局376

Market Forces 市场力量376

Market Imperfection 市场不完全性376

Marketing 营销376

Market Socialism 市场社会主义377

Market Orientation 市场导向377

Market Power 市场支配力377

Market Share 市场份额377

Marshall，Alfred 马歇尔，艾尔弗雷德378

Market Process 马尔可夫过程378

Mark-up 成本加成，加价378

Marshall-Lerner Condition 马歇尔—勒纳条件380

Marshall Ald 马歇尔援助380

Marshallian Demand Curve 马歇尔需求曲线380

Marx．karl 马克思，卡尔381

Marshall Plan 马歇尔计划381

Marxist Economies 马克思主义经济学382

Materials Balance Frinciple 物质平衡原理，物资平衡原则383

Material Forces of Production 物质生产力383

Maximin 极大的极小384

Matrix 矩阵384

Maximax 极大的极大384

Means-tested Benefits 家庭经济情况调查后发放的救济金385

Mean 平均值385

Maximum 极大，最大385

Maximum Likelihood 极大似然法385

Meade James Edward 米德，詹姆斯·爱德华385

Median Voter Theorem 中位投票人原理386

Median Location Principle 中位区位原理386

Measurement Error 测量误差386

Median 中位数386

Merchant Banks 商人银行387

Mercantilism 重商主义387

Mediation 调停387

Medium of Exchange 交换媒介387

Menger，Carl 门格尔，卡尔387

Merit Goods 有价值的商品388

Merit Bad 有价值的坏商品388

Merger 兼并，合并388

Microeconomics 微观经济学389

M-form Enterprise M型企业389

Methodology 方法论389

Metzler Case 梅茨勒事例389

Mili，John Stuart 穆勒，约翰，斯图尔特390

Microfoundations （宏观经济学的）微观经济学基础390

Minimax Regret 极小的最大懊悔391

Mininmum Employment Target 最低就业指标392

Minimum Efficient Scale 最小有效规模392

Minimun 最小，极小392

Minority Control 少数股控制393

Minimum Wage Legislation 最低工资立法393

Minimum Entry Preventing Price 阻止进入的最低价格393

Minimum Lending Rate 最低贷款利率393

Mixed Goods 混合财货394

Mixed Estimation 混合估计394

Mint 造币厂394

Misspecification 错误设定394

Moments 矩396

Modulus 模效396

Mixed Market Economy 混合市场经济396

Mode 众数396

Model 模型396

Medern Quantity Theory of Money 现代货币、数量论396

Modern Sectors 现代化部门396

Mode of Production 生产方式396

Modigliani Miller Theory of Cost of Capital 莫迪利安尼—米勒资本成本理论396

Monetarism 货币主义397

Monetary Base 货币基础399

Monetary Policy 货币政策400

Monetary Management 货币管理400

Money 货币401

Monetization of Debt 国债货币化401

Monetary Theory 货币理论401

Money，The Demand for 货币的需求402

Money at Call 短期放款，拆款403

Money Market 货币市场404

Money Hlusion 货币幻觉404

Money Balances 货币余额404

Money Supply 货币供应量405

Money Stock 货币存量405

Money Multiplier 货币乘数405

Money Price 货币价格405

Monopolies and Mergers Commission 垄断与合并委员会406

Monopolies and Meigers Act 1965 垄断与合并法，1965年406

Money Terms 货币单位406

Monocuiture 单一种植406

Monopo■tic Competition 垄断竞争407

Monopolies and Restrictive Practices （Intquity and Control，Act 1948 垄断与限制性措施（研究与控制）方法，1984年407

Monopsony 买主独家垄断409

Monopoly Profit 垄断利润409

Monopoly 垄断，独占409

Monopoly Power 垄断力量409

Moving Average 移动平均数410

Most Favoured Nation Clause 最惠国条款410

Monte Carlo Methods 蒙特卡罗法410

Moonlighting 同时兼两个职业410

Moral Hazard 道德公害410

Mortgage 抵押410

Multiple Correlation Coefficient 多重相关系数411

Multipant Dperations 多工厂经营411

Multicollinearity 多重共线性411

Multilateral AiD 多边援助411

Multilateral Trade 多边贸易411

Multinational Corporation 跨国公司411

Multiplant Econemies 多工厂经济411

Multiplier-Accelerator Interaction 乘数与加速数的相互作用412

Multiplier 乘数412

Multiple Regression 多重回归412

Multiproduct Firm 多种产品的厂商413

Myrdal，Gunnar K．米尔达尔，冈纳414

MV＝PT 货币数量理论的交易方程式414

Multisector Growth Model 多部门增长模型414

Multivariate Analysis 多变量分析414

Mutualiy Exclusive Prejec■s 相互排斥的投资项目414

National Economic Development Council 国民经济发展委员会416

National Debt 国债416

N416

Naive Accelerator简单的加速数416

National Accounts 国民帐户416

National Bargaining 全国性谈判416

National Income 国民收入417

National Girobank 国民转帐银行417

National Enterprise Board 国家企业局417

National Savings Bank 国民储蓄银行419

National Research Development Corporation 国家研究开发公司419

National Insurance Contributions 国民保险分担额419

National Insurance Fund 国民保险基金419

Nationalized Industry 国有化工业419

National Product 国民产品419

Natural Rate of Unemployment 自然失业率420

Natural Rate Growth 自然增长率420

Natural Law 自然规律420

Natural Logarithm 自然对数420

Natural Price 自然价格420

NEDC 国民经济发展委员会421

‘Neddy’“笨驴”421

Natural Resources 自然资源421

Natural Selection Hypothesis 自然淘汰假设421

Near Money 准货币421

Necessity 必需品421

Neo－classical Economics 新古典经济学422

Neighbourhood Effects 相邻效应422

NEDO 国民经济发展局422

Need 需要422

Negative Income Tax 负所得税422

Neo－classical Growth Theory 新古典增长理论423

Neo－classical Synthesis 新古典综合派424

Net Investment 净投资425

Net Book Value 帐面净值425

Neo－imperialism 新帝国主义425

Neo－orthodoxy 新创正统观念425

Net Barter Terms of Trade 纯易货贸易条件425

‘New Classical Macroeconomics’“新古典宏观经济学”426

Neutralizing Monetary Flows 中性货币流量426

Net National Income 国民净收入426

Net National Product 国民生产净值426

Net Present Value 净现值426

Net Profits 净利润426

Net Property Income From Abroad 国外财产净收入426

Neutrality of Money 货币中性426

New Issues Market 新证券发行市场427

New Inflation 新通货膨胀427

New Economic Policy 新经济政策427

New Industrial State 新工业国427

‘New－new’Microeconomics “新的新”微观经济学428

‘New Microeconomics ’“新微观经济学”428

New View of Investment 投资新观点429

New Quantity Theory of Money 新货币数量理论429

New－orthodoxy 新正统观念429

Nominal Yield 名义收益430

Nominal Value 票面价值430

Non－bank Financial Intermediaries 非银行金融中介机构430

Nominal 名义上的430

Nominal Balances 名义余额430

Non-linear 非线性431

Non－linear Function 非线性函数431

Non－labour Income 非劳动收入431

Non-competing Groups 非竞争集团431

Non-cumulative Preference Shares 非累积优先股431

Non-excludability 非排他性431

Non-uniqueness 非唯一性432

Non－wage Attributes 非工资属性432

Non-rival Consumption 非竞争性的消费432

Non-manual Workers 非体力劳动者432

Non-pecuniary Goals 非金钱目的432

Non－price Competition 非价格竞争432

Non-profit Institutions 非营利机构432

Non-renewable Resource 非再生资源432

Normal Cost Pricing 标准成本定价433

Normal Distribution 正态分布433

Norm 标准433

Non-wage Labour Costs 非工资人工成本433

Normal Variable 正规变量434

Normative Economics 规范经济学434

Normal Unemployment Rate 正常失业率434

Normal Equations 正规方程434

Normal Goods 正常货物434

Normal Profits 正常利润434

Numeraire 法币，计价标准435

Office of Fair Trading 公平贸易局435

Numbers Equivalent Index 数字等值指数435

Norm Following Behaviour 标准仿效行为435

Notional Demand 名义需求435

Null Hypothesis 虚假设，零假设435

Occupational Wage Differentials 职业工资差别436

Occupational Licensing 发放职业许可证436

O436

OAOEC阿拉伯石油输出国组织436

Objective Function 目标函数436

Offer CurveS 供应条件曲线437

OEEC 欧洲经济合作组织437

Occupational Wage Structure 职业工资结构437

OECD 经济合作与发展组织437

Office of Management and Budget（OMB） 行政管理和预算局438

Offshore Investment Centres 境外投资中心438

Offer for Sale 间接发行（证券）438

Oligopolistic Behaviour 寡头行为439

Oligopoly 寡头垄断，寡占439

Okun＇s Law 奥肯定律439

Ohlin，Bertil 俄林，伯蒂尔439

Opening Prices 开盘价格440

Open Market Operations 公开市场业务，公开市场活动440

Open Economy 开放经济440

Oligopsony 买主寡头垄断440

One Sector Growth Model 部门增长模型440

One Tail Tests 单尾检验440

On－the-job Training 在职培训440

OPEC 石油输出国组织（欧配克）440

Operating Profit 营业利润441

Opportunity Cost 机会成本441

Operating Income 营业收入441

Open Unemployment 公开失业441

Operating Gearing 经营杠杆率441

Optimal Capacity 最佳生产能力442

Optimal Distribution 最佳分配442

Optimal 最适的，最佳（优）的442

Opportunity Cost Approach to International Trade 国际贸易的机会成本税442

Opportunity Cost of Money Holdings 国有货币的机会成本442

Optimum Optimornm 最优的最优443

Optimum Plans Size 最适当工厂规模443

Optimum 最适度，量优443

Optimal Level of Pollution 污染的最高程度443

Ordinary Least Squares（OLS） 普通最小平方法444

Ordinary Share 普通股444

Ordinal Utility 序数效用444

Optimum Tariff 最适当关税444

Option 买卖选择权，优先购买权444

Ordering 次序排列444

Ordinalism 序数论444

Organizational Slack 组织松弛445

Organization for Economic Co－operation and Development 经济合作与发展组织445

Organic Composition of Capital 资本的有机构成445

Ordinate 纵坐标445

Organization for European Economic Co－operation（OEEC） 欧洲经济合作组织446

Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries（OAPEC） 阿拉伯石油输出国组织446

Outlier 非正常值，远离本体的观测值447

Output 产量，产出447

Orthogonal 正交447

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries （OPEC） 石油输出国组织（欧配克）447

Overdraft 透支448

Overemployed Workers 超额雇用的工人448

Outside Money 外部货币448

Output Budgeting 按产出编制预算448

Outside Lag 外部时滞448

Overvalued Currency 定值过高的货币449

Overtime 加班449

Overpopulation 人口过剩449

Overhead Costs 间接成本（费用）449

Overidentification 过度识别449

Overnight Money 隔夜资金449

Owner－controlled Firms 业主控制的企业450

Paper Profit 帐面盈利451

Parabola 抛物线451

Paper Money 纸币451

P451

Paasche Price Index帕许物价指数451

Paid-up Capital 已缴资本451

paradox of Thrift 节俭反论452

Paradox of Voting 投票难题，投票悖论452

Parameter 参数453

Paretian Liberal，Impossibility of 帕累托自由的不可能性453

Pareto Conditions 帕累托条件454

Pareto Criterion 帕累托标准454

Pareto，Vilfredo 帕累托，维尔弗雷多454

Pareto-optimal Redistribution 帕累托最佳再分配455

pareto Optimum 帕累托最佳455

Pareto Non－comparability 帕累托不可比性455

Pareto Improvement 帕累托改进455

Partial Derivative 偏导数456

Partial Equilibrium 部分均衡，局部均衡456

Partial Adjustment 局部调整456

Pareto－relevant Externality 帕累托相关外差因素456

Paris Club 巴黎俱乐部456

Par Rare of Exchange 外汇平价456

Pay back Period 回收期457

Pay Ceiling 工资最高限额457

Pauper Labour 贫穷劳工457

Participating Preference Shares 参与分红的优先股457

Participation Rate 参加率457

Partly Rational Expectations 部分理性预期457

Pat Value 票面价值457

Patent Rights 专利权457

Path Independence 路线的独立性457

Peg 钉住（汇率）458

Pension 养老金458

Pecuniary External Econorny 金钱的外部经济458

Pay Freeze 工资冻结458

Payment-by-results 按劳动成果付酬458

Payments，Balance of 国际收支458

Pay-off 盈利458

Payout Ratio 股息支付比率458

Peak-load Pricing 高峰负荷定价458

Peak Pe■od Labour Demand 高峰期劳动力需求458

Percentile 百分位数459

Perfect Competition 完全竞争459

Per Capita 人均459

Pension Funds 养老金基金459

Permanent Income 恒常性收入460

Permanent Income Hypothesis 恒常性收入假设460

Permanent Consumption 恒常性消费460

Perfect Information 完全的信息460

Perfect Markets 完全市场460

Perpetuity 终身年金461

Personal Income 个人收入461

Petroleum Revenue Tax（PRT） 石油收入税462

Perverse Migration 反常移动462

Personal Saving 个人储蓄462

Personal Loan 个人贷款462

Personal Rate of Substitution 个人替代率462

Phillips Curve 菲利普斯曲线463

Piecework 计件工资464

Pigou，Arthur Cecil 庇古，阿瑟·塞西尔464

Physiocrats 重农主义者464

Placing 私下直接发行（证券）465

Planned Economy 计划经济465

Pivot Effect Hypothesis 中枢效应假设465

Pigou Effect 庇古效应465

Pigovian Tax 庇古税465

point of Inflexion 拐点467

Point Utility Possibility Curve 点效用可能性曲线467

Point Estimation 点估计467

Planning Programming Budgeting467

System（PPBS） 计划方案预算制度467

Planometrics 计划计量学467

Plant Bargaining 工厂谈判467

Plato 柏拉图467

Plurality Rule 多数裁决规则467

Point Elasticity of Demand 需求的点弹性467

Policy-on 政策施行期468

Policy Targets 政策目标468

Policy-off 政策失效期468

Point Voting 点数投票468

Policy Instruments 政策工具468

Pollution 污染469

Pollution Rights 污染权469

Polluter Pays principle 污染者付款原则469

Political Economy 政治经济学469

Poll Tax 人头税469

Population 人口爆炸，人口激增470

Population Policy 人口政策470

Population 总体，人口470

Polynomial 多项式470

Polynomial Lag 多项式滞后470

Portfolio 证券资产，资产组合471

Portfolio Balance Approach 资产结构平衡法471

Population Trap 人口陷阱471

Positive Economics 实证经济学472

Positivism 实证主义472

Poverty 贫困473

Potential National Income 可能达到的国民收入473

Potential Output 可能的产出量473

Potential Entry 潜在的进入473

Posterior Distribution 后验分布473

Postwar Credits 战后信贷473

Poverty Trap 贫困陷阱474

Power Function 幂函数474

Prebisch Thesis 普雷维什论点474

Prefemption Rights 优先购股权475

Preference 偏好，优先475

Preference Revelation 偏好显示475

Potential Pareto Improvement 潜在的帕累托改进475

Predatory Pricing 掠夺性定价475

Precautionary Motive 预防动机，谨慎动机475

Precautionary Unemployment 预防性失业475

Present Value 现值476

Price 价格476

Price Commission 价格管理委员会476

Premium Savings Bonds 有奖储蓄公债476

Preference Shares 优先股476

Preferential Hiring 优先雇用476

Preferred Ordinary Shares 优先普通股票476

Premium 溢价（升水），保险费476

Price Control 物价管制477

Price－cost Margin 价格－成本差额477

Price Discrimination 价格歧视477

Price Consumption Curve 价格消费曲线477

Price／Earnings Ratio （P／E Ratio） 价格－收益比率478

Price Effect 价格效应478

Price Elasticity Demand 需求的价格弹性478

Price Index 物价指数，价格指数479

Portfolio Diversification 资产组合多样化479

Price Leadership 价格领导479

Price Fixing Agreement 固定价格协议479

Price Taker 价格接受者480

Price Theory 价格理论480

Price Support Scheme 价格支持计划480

Price Mechanism 价格机制480

Price-push 价格推进480

Price Revolution 价格革命480

Price Setter 价格制定者480

Price Specie Mechanism 价格及黄金流动机制480

Primary Goods 基本物品，初级产品481

Primary Market 初级市场481

Prisoner＇s Dilemma 囚犯的两难处境482

Private Company 不公开招股公司，私人公司482

Prior Distribution 先验分布482

Primary Money 本位币482

Private Goods 私人货物，私人财货482

Primary Workers 基本工人，主要劳动者482

Principal 本金482

Probit Model 概率单位模型483

Process 工艺，生产过程483

Probability Distribution 概率分布483

Probability 概率483

Process Innovation 工艺革新484

Producers＇Co-operatives 生产合作社484

Product Innovation 产品创新485

Production 生产485

Production Frontier 生产边界485

Product Differentiation 产品差别485

Product Cycle 产品周期485

Producer＇s Surplus 生产者剩余485

Production Function 生产函数486

Productivity Bargaining 生产率谈判487

Product Moment Correlation Coefficient 积矩相关系数487

Product Proliferation 产品扩散487

Probability Density Function 概率密度函数487

Productivity 生产率487

Production Possibility Curve 生产可能性曲线487

Product Rule 乘积定律488

Profit，Falling Rate of 利润率下降488

Profit Centre 利润中心，利益单位488

Profit Rate 利润率489

Profits 利润489

Primary Securities 初级证券，原始证券489

Profit Motive 利润动机489

Profit Constraint 利润限制489

Profit Function 利润函数489

Profit Margin 利润幅度，利润率489

Profit Maximization 利润最大化489

Proletariat 无产阶级490

Property Rights 财产权490

Project Appraisal 项目评估490

Profits push Inflation 利润推进的通货膨胀490

Programme Budgeting 按坟墓编制预算490

Programming Methods 规划方法490

Progressive Tax 累进税490

Proxy Variable 代理变量491

Pseudo-demand Schedule 拟需求表491

Protection 保护贸易491

Proportional Tax 比例税491

Propulsive Industries 推动力的工业491

Prospectus 募股说明心，招股章程491

Public Expenditure 公共支出492

Public Expenditure Survey Committee 公共支出调查委员会492

Pubic Company 公开招股的公司，公共公司492

Public Choice 公共选择492

Public Goods 公共货物，公共财货493

Public Finance 财政493

Public Issue 公开发行证券494

Public Utility 公用事业495

Public Utility Regulation 公用事业法规495

PubLic Sector Borrowing Requirement（PSBR） 公共部门借款需求495

Public Sector 公共部门495

pure Profit 纯利润496

Pushfulness 冲劲496

Pure Competition 纯粹竞争496

Pump-priming 刺激经济的政府开支496

Purchasing Power Parity 购买力平价496

Purchase Tax 购买税496

Putty-Putty 油灰—油灰497

Pyramiding 金字塔式的控制497

Putty-Clay 油灰—陶土497

Put Option 出售期货选择权497

Quadratic Utility Function 二次效用函数498

Quanticy Theory of Money 货币数量理论498

Quadratic Equation 二次方程498

Q498

Quartile四分位数500

Quasi-rent 准租金500

Quits 离职501

Quota 限额501

Quick Assets Ratio 速动资产比率501

Quesnay，Francois 魁奈，弗朗索瓦501

Quoted Companies 报价公司502

Quotient Rule 商数法则502

Radcliffe Committee 拉德克利夫委员会503

Radical Economics 激进经济学503

R■ 可决系数503

R503

Random Variable随机变量505

Random Walk 随机行程505

R and D 研究与发展505

Raider Firm 劫夺性厂商505

Ratchet Effect 棘轮效应506

Rate of Commodity Substitution 商品替代率506

Rank of Matrix 矩阵的秩506

Range 值域506

Range（of a Goods）（某一货物的）供距506

Rank Correlation 等级相关506

Ranking of Projects 项目排列顺序506

Rate of Interest 利率，利息率507

Rate of Return 资本收益率．报酬率507

Rates 地方税508

Rate of Time Preference 时间偏好率508

Rate of Surplus Value 剩余价值率508

Rate Support Grant 地方税资助拨款509

Rationing 配给510

Rawlsian Justice 罗尔斯正义510

Rational Lag 合理滞后510

Rational Expectations 理性预期，合理预期510

Rationality 合乎理性510

Real Balance Effect 实际余额效应511

Reaction Functions 反应函数511

R，D and D 研究、发展和示范511

Beceiver 破产财产管理人512

Recession 衰退512

Reciprocal 倒数512

Real Cost Approach to International512

Trade 国际贸易的实际成本说512

Real Money Balances 实际现金余额512

Real National Output 实际国民产出512

Real Wages 实际工资512

Redeemable Securities 可兑现证券513

Redemption Date 偿还日期513

Redeemable Preference Shares 可兑现优先股513

Reciprocal Demand 相互需求513

Recognition Lag 认识时滞513

Recontract 重订契约513

Recursive Models 递归模型513

Recycling 再循环513

Redeemable Loan Stock 可兑现债券513

Re－export 再出口514

Regional Development Grant 地区发展援款514

Redundancy Payments 编余费514

Redemption Yield 偿还收益514

Redistribution 再分配514

Reduced Form（RF） 简化型514

Redundancies 冗余514

Regional Employment Premium 地区就业奖励金515

Regional Economics 地区经济学，区域经济学515

Regional Economic Planning Councils 地区经济规划委员会515

Regional Economic Planning Boards 地区经济规划局515

Regional Multiplier 地区乘数，区域乘数516

Regional wage Structure 地区工资结构517

Registered Unemployed Ed 注册的失业者517

Regional Wage Differentials 地区工资差别517

Regional Policy 地区政策517

Regulation Q 第Q条规定518

Reintermediation 金融中介机构作用的恢复518

Regret Matrix 懊悔矩阵518

Regressand 回归应变量518

Regression 回归518

Regressive Tax 累退税518

Regressor 回归自变量518

Relative Deprivation 相对剥夺519

Relative Income Hypothesis 相对收入假设519

Replacement Cost 重置成本520

Replacement Cost Accounting 重置成本会计520

Rentiers 食利者520

Relative Price 相对价格520

Relativities 相对性520

Renewable Resource 可再生资源520

Rent 租金520

Rent Gradient 租金梯度520

Resale Prices Act 1964 转卖价格法，1964年521

Research and Development（R and D） 研究与发展521

Resale Price Maintenance 转卖控制价格521

Replacement Investment 更新投资521

Replacement Ratio 补偿比率521

Representative Firm 代表性厂商521

Repressed Inflation 被抑制的通货膨胀521

Reserve Base 储备基数522

Reserve Currency 储备货币522

Reserve Assets Ratio 准备资产比率522

Reservation Wage 保留工资522

Residual 残差，剩余523

Restricted Least Squares（RLS） 限制最小平方法523

Reserve Ratios 准备金比率523

Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1968 限制贸易实施法，1968年524

Reswitching 再转辙524

Restrictive Trade Practices Act 1956 限制贸易实施法，1956年524

Restrictive Practices Court 限制贸易实施法庭524

Return on Capital Employed 所用资本收益525

Returns to Scale 规模报酬，与生产规模成比例的报酬525

Retentions 留存525

Retail 零售525

Retail Banking 零售银行业525

Retail Price Index 零售物价指数525

Retained Earnings 保留收益525

Retention Ratio 留存比率525

Revealed Preference 显示的偏好526

Revenue Maximization 收入最大化526

Revaluation 重新估值，升值526

Reverse Yield cap 反向的收益差距527

Ricardo David 李嘉图，大卫527

Reverse Dumping 反倾销527

Right Issue 权利股发行528

Risk 风险528

Right-ti-work Laws 工作权利法528

Robbins，L．罗宾斯，L．529

Rival 竞争529

Risk spreading 分散风险529

Risk Aversion 风险规避529

Risk Capital 风险资本529

Risk Premium 风险保险费529

Robinson Joan V．罗宾逊，琼530

Roots 根531

Rostow Model 罗斯托模型531

Roosa Effect 鲁萨效应531

Robinson－Patman Act 罗宾逊—帕特曼法531

Roundaboutness 迂回532

Royalty 矿山使用费532

Rule-of-thumb 经验法则533

Rybczynski Theorem 列勃琴斯基定理533

RPI 零售物价指数533

Sakes Maximization Hypothesis 销售额最大化假设534

sales Tax 营业税，销售税534

Salary 薪金534

S534

Sackings解雇，开除534

SL Petersburg Paradox 圣彼得斯堡反论534

Salvage Value 残值535

Samuelson，Paul A． 萨缪尔森，保罗535

Savings banks 储蓄银行536

Savings Function 储蓄函数536

Savmgs and Loan Associations 储蓄与贷款协会536

Samuelson Test 萨缪尔森检验536

Satiation 餍足536

Satisficing Behaviour 令人满意的行为536

Savings 储蓄536

Savings-Investment Appreach to the Balance of Payments，The 国际收支的储蓄－投资分析法537

Say，lean－Baptiste 萨伊，让－巴蒂斯特537

Schooling Functions 教育函数538

Schultz，theodore W．舒尔茨，西奥多538

Scatter 散布538

Scarcity 稀缺性538

Scarce Currency 稀有通货538

Scitovsky Paradox 雪托夫斯基反论539

Scitovsky Reversal Criterion 雪托夫斯基倒换标准539

Scientific Tariff 科学关税539

Schumpeter Joseph A．熊彼特，约瑟夫539

Searcn Unemployment 求职性失业540

Seasonal Adjustment 季节性调整540

Search Costs 求职成本540

Scottish Clearing Bands 苏格兰清算银行540

Screening Hypothesis 筛选假设540

Scrip Issue 临时凭证发行540

SDR 特别提款权540

Second-best 次佳541

Secular Supply Curve 长期供应曲线541

Secondary Workers 候补工人541

Seasonal Unemployment 季节性失业541

Secondary Bands 二级银行541

Secondary Market 次级市场541

Securities and Exchange Cominission（SEC） 证券交易委员会542

Seignorage 铸币税542

Securities 证券542

Secular Trend 长期趋势542

Secured Loan Stock 有担保贷款股票542

Semi Log 半对数543

Senior，Nassau W．C 西尼尔，纳索543

Self-liquidating Advances 自偿贷款（自行生息偿还的贷款）543

Self-liquidating 自偿（自行生息还本）543

Separation of Ownership from Control 所有权与管理权的分离544

Serial Correlation 序列相关544

Sensitivity Analysis 灵敏度分析544

Seniority Practices 资历惯例544

Share 股票545

Share Price 股票价格545

Shadow wage Rate 影子工资率545

Service of Debt 债务劳务545

Services 劳务545

Severance Pay 解雇费545

Shadow Price 影子价格545

Shift Effect Hypothesis 移动效应假设546

Shift share Analysis 偏移份额分析546

Sherman Act 谢尔曼法546

Short-run Average Cost 短期平均成本547

Short－run Consumption Function 短期消费函数547

Short Run 短期547

Shock Effect 冲击效应547

Shop Steward 车间工会代表547

Short-dated Securities 短期证券547

Sight Deposits 活期存款548

Simon，Herbert A．西蒙，赫伯特548

Side Payments 侧向支付548

Short-run Marginal Cost 短期边际成本548

Short-time Working 工时减少548

SIC 标准工业分类548

Simultaneous Equation Bias 联立方程偏倚549

Simultaneous Equations 联立方程549

Simulation 模拟549

Simplex Algorithm 单纯形算法549

Sinking Fund 偿债基金550

Sismondi，Jean 西斯蒙第，让550

Singular Matrix 降秩矩阵550

Single Equation Estimator（SEE） 单一方程估计式550

Skill Differentials 技能工资差别551

Slack Plan 松弛的计划551

Skewed Distribution 偏斜分布551

Situation Utility Possibility Frontier 情景效用可能性边界551

Size Distribution of Firms 厂商的规模分布551

Slutsky Equation 斯勒茨基方程552

Smith，Adam 斯密，亚当552

Slutsky，Eugen 斯勒茨基，尤金552

Slump 衰退552

Snake 蛇形浮动553

Snob Effect 逆反效应553

Social Decision Rule 社会决策规则554

Social Discount Rate 社会贴现率554

Social Cost 社会成本554

Social Benefit 社会利益554

Social Choice 社会选择554

Social Contract 社会契约554

Social Marginal Productivity Criterion，The 社会边际生产率准则555

Social Opportunity Cost of Capital 资本的社会机会成本555

Socially Necessary Labour 社会必要劳动555

Social Economics 社会经济学555

Socialism 社会主义555

Social Relations of Production 社会生产关系556

Social Returns to Education 教育的社会收益556

Social Optimum 社会最适度556

Social Welfare 社会福利557

Social Welfare Function 社会福利函数557

Social Time Preference Rate 社会时间偏好率557

Spearman＇s Rank Correlation 斯皮尔曼等级相关559

Special Areas 特别地区559

Spatial Price Discrimination 空间价格差别559

Soft Currency 软通货559

Soft Loan 软贷款，优惠贷款559

Spatial Economics 空间经济学559

Spatial Monopoly 空间垄断559

Specialization 专业化560

Specialization，Coefficient of 专业化系数560

Special Drawing Rights（SDRs） 特别提款权560

Special Deposits 特别存款560

Special Development Area 特别开发地区560

Specie 金银铸币561

Specie Flow Mechanism 黄金流动机制561

Speculative Balances 投机性余额562

Speculative Boom 投机性高涨562

Speculation 投机562

Specie Points 黄金输送点562

Specification Error 设定误差562

Specific Tax 从量税562

Spectral Analysis 谱分析562

Spillover Hypothesis 外溢假设563

Spite Effect 泄愤效应563

Spillover 外溢563

Speculative Demand for Money 投机性货币需求563

Speculative Motive for Holding Money 投机性的持币动机563

Speculative Unemployment 投机性失业563

Spread Effects 扩散效应564

Sraffa，Piero 斯拉法，皮埃罗564

Spot Market 现货市场564

Stabilization Function 稳定职能565

Stackelberg＇s Duopoly Model 斯塔克尔伯格的双头垄断模型565

Stabilization 稳定565

Stabilization 稳定性565

Standard Error 标准误差566

Standard Industrial Classification（SIC） 标准工业分类566

Standard Deviation 标准差566

Stag 投机认股者566

Stages of Growth 成长阶段566

Stagflation 滞胀566

Stamp Duty 印花税566

Standard Commodity 标准商品566

Standard Working Week 标准工作周567

Statement of Standard Accounting Practice（SSAP） 标准会计惯例说明书567

Standard Weekly Hours 标准周工时数567

Standard of Living 生活水准567

Standard Regions 标准地区567

Statistical Signilicance 统计显著性568

Steady state Growth 稳态增长568

Statistical Inference 统计推断568

Stationary Point 平衡点568

Stationary State 静止状态568

Statistic 统计量568

Statistical Cost Analysis 统计成本分析568

Stereotypes 陈规，成见569

Sterling Area 英镑区569

Stepwise Regression 逐步回归569

Steady-State Models 稳态模型569

Stochastic Process 随机过程570

Stock 股本，存量570

Stochastic 随机的570

Stigler George Joseph 斯蒂格勒，乔治·约瑟夫570

Stock Dividend 股票红利571

Stock Exchange 证券交易所571

Stockbroker 证券经纪人571

Stock－adjustment Demand Function 存货调整需求函数571

Stock Appreciation 存货升值571

Stolper－Samuelson Theorem 斯托尔珀—萨缪尔森定理572

‘Stop-Go’“停停走走”572

Stocks 存货，库存572

Stock Market 证券市场，股票市场572

Stock Option 证券买卖选择权572

Strike Measures 罢工尺度573

Striker 罢工573

Strike Insurance 罢工保险573

Store of Value 价值储存573

Strategic Voting 策略性投票573

Structural Unemployment 结构性失业574

Structure-Conduct-Performance Framework 结构—行为—实绩体制574

Structural Form 结构型574

Subsistence Wage 糊口工资575

Substitute 替代物575

Subsistence Expenditures 维持生存的开支t575

Structure of Interest Rates 利率结构575

Structure of Taxes 税收结构575

Subsidy 补贴575

Subsistence 维持生存，糊口575

Substitution Effect 替代效应576

Sum of Squares 平方和576

Supplementary Benefit 辅助津贴577

Supplementary Petroleum Duty 附加石油税577

Supernumerary Expenditure 额外支出577

Super-environment 超级环境577

Superior Goods 高档货物577

Super nentralily 超级性577

Super norinal Profits 超正常利润577

Supply of Effort 努力的供给578

Supply of Inflation 通货膨胀的根源578

Supply Curve 供给曲线578

Supplementary Special Deposits 补充特别存款578

Supply of Labour 劳动力供给579

Supply-side Economics 供应学派经济学，供给经济学579

Surrogate Production Function 代用生产函数580

Survivor Technique 生存者技术580

Surplus Value 剩余价值580

Surplus Units 盈利单位580

Sweezy，Paul 斯威齐，保罗581

Systems Estimator 系统估计式581

Swap Arrangements 互惠外汇信贷安排581

Tangible Assets 有形资产582

Tap Issue 经常供应方式发行582

Tangent 切线582

T582

Take-home Pay实得工资582

Take-off 起飞582

Take-over 接管582

Take-over Bid 接管时出价582

Tatonnement 反复探索583

Tariff Structure 关税结构583

‘Tariff Factory’“关税工厂”583

Targets 指标583

Tar1lt 关税583

Taxable Income 应纳税收入584

Tax Credit 税收抵免585

Tax Credit Scheme 税收抵免方案585

Tax Burden 税负（税收负担）585

Taxation 课税585

Tax Base 税基（税收基础）585

Tax Expenditure 税收优惠的支出586

Tax push Inflation 税收推进的通货膨胀586

Tax Disincentive 税收的抑制作用586

t-distribution 分布587

Technical Progress 技术进步587

Tax Yield 赋税收入587

Tax Shifting 税收转嫁587

Technological Dualism 技术二元论588

Technological External Effects 技术的外部效应588

Technological Unemployment 技术性失业589

Technology，Choice of 技术的选择589

Technological Progress 技术进步589

Terms of Trade 贸易条件，进出口比价590

Term Loan 定期贷款590

Temporary Layoffs 暂时解雇者590

Technology Matrix 技术矩阵590

Technostructure 技术结构阶层590

Term Structure of Interest Rates 利率的期限结构591

Test Statistic 检验统计量593

Three Stage Least Squares（3 SLS or Th SLS）三段最小平方法593

Test Discount Rate 试验折现率593

Threshold Effect 阈效应594

Threshold of a Goods 商品的阈594

Thünen，Johann Heinrich von 屠能，约翰·亨里希·冯594

Threshold Analysis 阈分析594

Threshold 阈594

Tight Money 银根紧缩595

Time，Allocation of 时间配置595

Threat Effect 威胁效应595

Tied Loan 限制性贷款595

Tiebout Model 蒂博特模型595

Time Series 时间序列596

Times Share Index 泰晤士报股票指数596

Time Preference 时间偏好596

Time Deposit 定期存款596

Tinbergen，Jan 丁伯根，扬597

Token Money 代币598

Total Cost 总成本599

Total Remuneration 总报酬599

Total Revenue 总收入599

Trade 贸易599

Tokyo Round 东京回合599

Trade Bill 商业票据600

Trade Creation 贸易创造600

Trade Credit 商业信用，贸易信贷600

Trade Cycle 商业周期600

Transactions Approach 交易分析法601

Transactions Balances 交易余额601

Transactions Demand for Money 货币的交易需求601

Transaction Motive for Holding Money 持有货币的交易动机601

Transaction Costs 交易成本601

Trade-off 顾此失彼，权衡抉择601

Traditional Sectors 传统部门601

Transfer Earnings 转移收益602

Transfer Incomes 转移收入602

Transfer of Technology 技术转让602

Transfer Payment 转移支付602

Transfer Deed 转让契据，过户契据602

Transactions Velocity of Circulation 交易流通速度602

Transfer Costs 转移成本602

Transfer Pricing 内部调拨定价603

Transfer Problem 转让问题603

Transformation Function 交换函数603

Transformation Problem 转形问题603

Transitory Income 暂时性收入604

Trans－shipment Points 水陆转运点604

Treasury，The 财政部604

Treasury Bill 国库券604

Transitory Consumption 暂时性消费604

Transitivity of Preferences 偏好的可递性604

Treasury，US Department of 美国财政部605

Treasury View 财政部观点605

Treaty of Rome 罗马条约605

Trend 趋势605

Treasury Note 中期库券605

Treasury Deposit Receipt 国库存款收入605

Trigonometric Functions 三角函数606

Truncated Earnings Function 截尾收入函数606

Trust 信托606

Trustee Savings Banks 信托储蓄银行606

Two Sector Growth Model 两部门增长模型607

Turnover TaX 周转税607

Turnpike Theorems 大道定理607

Twelve-month Rule 十二个月规则607

Turnover 周转607

t-Statistic 统计量607

Turning Point 转折点607

Two Stage Least Squares（TSLS or 2 SLS）二段最小平方法608

Tying Contract 搭卖合同608

TypeⅠ／TypeⅡ Errors 类型Ⅰ／类型Ⅱ误差608

Unanticipated Inflation 未预料到的通货膨胀609

Unbalanced Economic Growth 不平衡经济增长609

Uncalled Capital 未缴资本609

Uncertainty 不确定性609

Unanimity Rule 一致性法则609

U609

U－form EnterpriseU型企业609

Underdevelopment 不发达610

Underemployed Workers 就业不足的工人610

Underemployment 就业不足610

Underidentification 欠识别610

Undervalued Currency 定值过低的货币610

Underdeveloped Countries 不发达国家610

Unconvertible Loan Stock 不能兑换的债券610

UNCTAD 联合国贸发会议610

Undated Securities 不定期证券610

Unemployment 失业611

Underwriter 保险承保人，证券包销人611

Unemployment Benefit 失业津贴611

Undistributed Profits 未分配利润611

Unearned Income 非劳动收入611

Unequal Exchange 不等价交换612

Unemployment Equilibrium 失业均衡612

Unemployment Rate 失业率612

Unintended Inventory Disinvestment 非意愿的存货投资减少613

Unintended Inventory Investment 非意愿的存货投资613

Union Density 工会密度613

UNIDO Guidelines 联合国工业发展组织准则613

Union／Non-union Differential 工会与非工会的差别614

Union Market Power 工会的市场支配能力614

Uniqueness 唯一性615

Union Political Power 工会政治力量615

Union Security 工会保障615

Union Shop 工人限期加入工会的工厂615

United Nations Capital Development Fund 联合国资本发展基金616

United Nations Conference on Trade616

and Development 联合国贸易和发展会议（贸发会议）616

United Nations Development Programme 联合国开发计划署616

United Nations Industrial Development Organization 联合国工业发展组织617

Unit of Account 记帐单位617

Unit Tax 单位税617

Unit Trust 单位投资信托公司617

Unsecured Loan Stock 无担保债券617

User Cost of Capital 资本的使用者成本618

U-shaped Cost Curves U形成本曲线618

Utility 效用618

Urban Economics 城市经济学618

Urbanization Economies 都市化经济618

Unvalidated Inflation 未生效的通货膨胀618

Utility Function 效用函数619

Utilitariapism 功利主义619

Vacancies 空缺额620

Vacancy Rate 空缺率620

Validated Inflation 生效的通货膨胀620

Valuation Curve 估价曲线620

Valuation Ratio 估价比率620

v620

Value，Money，a Standard of货币的价值标准621

Value，Theory of 价值理论621

Value added 增加值622

Value-added Tax（VAT） 增值税622

Value Judgement 价值判断622

Variance-Covariance Matrix 方差－协方差矩阵623

Variable Capital 可变资本623

Variable Costs 可变成本623

Variable Labour Costs 可变人工成本623

Variance 方差623

Value of Marginal Physical Product 边际物质产品价值623

Variation 变差624

Veblen，Thorstein B． 凡勃仑，索尔斯坦624

Veblen Effect 凡勃仑效应624

Vector 向量，矢量624

Venture Capital 冒险资本625

Vertical Equity 纵向公平625

Veil of Ignorance 无知的面纱625

Veil of Money 货币的面纱625

Velocity of Circulation 流通速度625

Vehicle Excise Duty 车辆执照税625

Vehicle Currency 周转货币625

Vertical Integration 纵向结合626

Vertical Merger 纵向合并626

Vertical Phillips Curve 先垂直的菲利普斯曲线626

Vicious Circles 恶性循环627

Victim Company 受害公司627

Vintage Growth Models 年代增长模型627

Virtuous Circles 良性循环627

Visibility Hypothesis 可见性假设627

Visible Balance 有形贸易差额628

Voluntary-exchange Model 自愿交换模型628

Voluntary Unemployment 自愿失业629

von Neumann－Morgenstern Utility 冯·诺伊曼－摩根斯顿效用629

Von Neumann Ratio 冯·诺伊曼比率629

Vote Maximizer 使选票达到最大多数者630

Vote Trading 投票交易630

Voting and Non-voting Shares 有投票权和无投票权的股票630

Voucher 凭单630

Voucher Schemes 凭证制度630

W632

Wage Competition Model工资竞争模型632

Wage Contour 工资等高线632

Wage Contracts 工资合同632

Wage Differentials 工资差别632

Wage Fund 工资基金633

Wage Inflation 工资膨胀633

Wage Leadership 工资领导633

Wage－price Spiral 工资－物价螺旋上升633

Wage－push Inflation 工资推进的通货膨胀633

Wage Drift 工资变动633

Wage Rates 工资率634

Wage Restraint 工资限制634

Wage Councils 工资委员会634

Wage Round 工资交涉634

Wages Boards 工资委员会（农业）634

Wage Structure 工资结构635

Wage Theory 工资理论635

Wages Freeze 工资冻结635

Wages Fund Doctrine 工资基金学说635

Wage－Wage Spiral 工资－工资螺旋上升637

Wagner＇s Law 瓦格纳法则637

Wait Unemployment 等待性失业637

Wall Street 华尔街638

Walras，Leon 瓦尔拉，里昂638

Walras＇Law 瓦尔拉法则638

Want Creation 需要的创造638

Warrant 认股权证638

Warranted Unemployment Rate 保证失业率639

Washington Conference 华盛顿会议639

Waste 废物639

Ways and Means Advances 财政短期借款639

Washington Agreement 华盛顿协定639

Warrantted Rate of Growth 有保证的增长率639

Wealth Effect 财富效应640

Wealth 财富640

Wealth Tax 财产税641

Wear and Tear 损耗641

Weberian Location Theory 韦伯的区位理论641

Weighted Average 加权平均数641

Weighted Least Squares 加权最小平方法642

Weighted Mean 加权平均值642

Welfare Economics 福利经济学642

Welfare Function 福利函数642

Welfare State 福利国家642

White Noise 白噪声643

White Plan，the 怀特计划643

Well－behaved 性质良好的643

whipsawing 坐收渔利的643

white－collar Worker 白领工人的643

wholesale 批发644

Wholesale Banking 批发银行业644

Wicksell，Knut 维克赛尔，克努特644

Wicksell Effects 维克赛尔效应645

Wieser，Friedrich von 维塞尔，弗里德里希·冯645

Wildcat Strike 自发罢工646

Willingness to Pay 支付意愿646

Wilson Committee 威尔逊委员会646

Windfall Gain 意外收益647

Windfall Loss 意外损失647

Winding up 清理647

Wildcat Dressing 粉饰647

Withdrawals 撤出，漏出647

Withholding Tax 预扣税648

Workable Competition 有效竞争648

Workers＇Cooperatives 工人合作社648

Workers＇Participation 工人参与648

Working Capital 营运资本，流动资本648

Work－leisure Model 工作－闲暇模型649

Work to Rule 变相怠工649

Working Population 劳动人口649

Work in Progress 在制品649

Work Sharing 工作均摊649

Working Capital Ratio 流动资本比率649

World Bank 世界银行650

Writing－down Allowance 减低帐面价值的折旧650

X-effciency X效率651

X651

Y652

Yaounde Conventions雅温得协定652

Y-Efficiency Y效率652

Yield 收益652

Yield Gap 收益差距653

Yield Gap on Securities 证券的收益差距653

Zellner－Giesel 泽尔纳－吉塞尔654

Z654

Zero-rated Goods零税率货物：免税货物654

汉英词目索引655

Z Varible Z变量664

Unbiased Estimator 无偏估计式669

Tobin，James 托宾，詹姆士697

Todaro Model 托大罗模型698