《操作系统 精髓与设计原理 Internals and Design Principles》

PART ONE BACKGROUND1

Chapter 1 Computer System Overview3

1．1 Basic Elements3

1．2 Processor Registers4

1．3 Instruction Execution7

1．4 Interrupts10

1．5 The Memory Hierarchy21

1．6 Cache Memory24

1．7 I/O Communication Techiques28

1．8 Recommended Reading31

1．9 Problems32

Appendix 1APerformance Characteristics of Two-Level Memory34

Appendix 1B Procedure Control41

Chapter 2 Operating System Overview45

2．1 Operating System Objectives and Functions45

2．2 The Evolution of Operating Systems50

2．3 Major Achievements60

2．4 Characteristics of Modern Operating Systems71

2．5 Windows NT Overview74

2．6 Traditional UNIX Systems85

2．7 Modern UNIX Systems88

2．8 Outline of the Remainder of the Book90

2．9 Recommended Reading94

2．10 Problems95

PART TWO PROCESSES99

Chapter 3Process Description And Control101

3．1 Process States102

3．2 Process Description117

3．3 Process Control127

3．4 UNIX SVR4 Process Management135

3．5 Summary140

3．6 Recommended Reading141

3．7 Problems141

Chapter 4 Threads, SMP, and Microkernels145

4．1 Processes and Threads145

4．2 Symmetric Multiprocessing(SMP)160

4．3 Microkernels163

4．4 Solaris Thread and SMP Management170

4．5 Windows NT Thread and SMP Management176

4．6 Summary182

4．7 Recommended Reading183

4．8 Problems183

Chapter 5 Concurrency：Mutual Exclusion and Synchronization187

5．1 Principles of Concurrency188

5．2 Mutual Exclusion：Software Approaches197

5．3 Mutual Exclusion：Hardware Support204

5．4 Semaphores208

5．5 Monitors222

5．6 Message Passing230

5．7 Readers/Writers Problem237

5．9 Recommended Reading242

5．8 Summary242

5．10 Problems243

Chapter 6 Concurrency：Deadlock And Starvation253

6．1 Principles of Deadlock253

6．2 Deadlock Prevention260

6．3 Deadlock Avoidance262

6．4 Deadlock Detection266

6．5 An Integrated Deadlock Strategy269

6．6 Dining Philosophers Problem270

6．7 UNIX Concurrency Mechanisms271

6．8 Solaris Thread Synchronization Primitives275

6．9 Windows NT Concurrency Mechanisms278

6．10 Summary279

6．11 Recommended Reading281

6．12 Problems281

PART THREE MEMORY287

Chapter 7Memory Management289

7．1 Memory Management Requirements289

7．2 Memory Partitioning292

7．3 Paging304

7．4 Segmentation307

7．5 Summary309

7．6 Recommended Reading309

7．7 Problems310

Appendix 7A Loading and Linking311

Chapter 8 Virtual Memory319

8．1 Hardware and Control Structures320

8．2 Operating System Software339

8．3 UNIX and Solaris Memory Management360

8．4 Windows NT Memory Management365

8．5 Summary368

8．6 Recommended Reading369

8．7 Problems369

Appendix 8A Hash Tables372

PART FOUR SCHEDULING377

Chapter 9Uniprocessor Scheduling379

9．1 Types of Scheduling380

9．2 Scheduling Algorithms384

9．3 Traditional UNIX Scheduling406

9．4 Summary408

9．5 Recommended Reading409

9．6 Problems409

Appendix 9A Response Time413

Chapter 10 Multiprocessor and Real-Time Scheduling417

10．1 Multiprocessor Scheduling417

10．2 Real-Time Scheduling429

10．3 UNIX SVR4 Scheduling442

10．4 Windows NT Scheduling444

10．5 Summary446

10．7 Problems447

10．6 Recommended Reading447

PART FIVE INPUT/OUTPUT AND FILES449

Chapter 11I/O Management and Disk Scheduling451

11．1 I/O Devices451

11．2 Organization of the I/O Function453

11．3 Operating System Design Issues456

11．4 I/O Buffering460

11．5 Disk Scheduling463

11．6 RAID471

11．7 Disk Cache479

11．8 UNIX SVR4 I/O482

11．9 Windows NT I/O486

11．10 Summary488

11．11 Recommended Reading489

11．12 Problems490

Appendix 11A Disk Storage Devices492

Chapter 12 File Management501

12．1 Overview501

12．2 File Organization507

12．3 File Directories512

12．4 File Sharing515

12．5 Record Blocking518

12．7 UNIX File Management527

12．8 Windows NT File System529

12．10 Recommended Reading535

12．9 Summary535

12．11 Problems539

PART SIX DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS539

Chapter 13Distributed Processing, Client/Server, and Clusters543

13．1 The Need for a Protocol Architecture544

13．2 The TCP/IP Protocol Suite545

13．3 The OSI Protocol Architecture553

13．4 Client/Server Computing553

13．5 Distributed Message Passing565

13．6 Remote Procedure Calls569

13．7 Clusters573

13．8 Windows NT Wolfpack577

13．9 Solaris MC579

12．6 Secondary Storage Management579

13．10 Summary582

13．11 Recommended Reading583

13．12 Problems583

Chapter 14 Distributed Process Management585

14．1 Process Migration585

14．2 Distributed Global States592

14．3 Distributed Mutual Exclusion597

14．4 Distributed Deadlock607

14．5 Summary620

14．6 Recommended Reading620

14．7 Problems621

PART SEVEN SECURITY623

Chapter 15Security625

15．1 Security Threats626

15．2 Protection632

15．3 Intruders636

15．4 Viruses and Related Threats650

15．5 Trusted Systems658

15．6 Network Security660

15．7 Windows NT Security668

15．8 Summary674

15．9 Recommended Reading675

15．10 Problems675

Appendix 15A Encryption677

Appendix A Queuing Analysis683

A．1 Why Queuing Analysis?684

A．2 Queuing Models686

A．3 Single-Server Queues691

A．4 Multiserver Queues694

A．5 Networks of Queues695

A．6 Examples699

A．7 Other Queuing Models702

A．8 Recommended Reading702

Annex A Just Enough Probability and Statistics703

B．1 Motivation709

B．2 Object-Oriented Concepts709

Appendix B Object-Oriented Design709

B．3 Benefits of Object-Oriented Design714

B．4 CORBA715

B．5 Recommended Reading717

Appendix C Programming and Operating System Projects719

C．1 Projects for Teaching Operating Systems719

C．2 NACHOS720

C．3 Programming Projects721

C．4 Reading/Report Assignments722

Appendix D OSP：An Environment for Operating System Projects723

D．1 Overview723

D．2 Innovative Aspects of OSP726

D．3 Comparison with Other Operating System Courseware728

D．4 The OSP Software Distribution729

D．5 OSP Mailing List729

D．6 Future Plans730

Appendix E BACI：The Ben-Ari Concurrent Programming System731

E．1 Introduction731

E．2 BACI732

E．3 Examples of BACI Programs735

E．4 BACI Projects739

E．5 Enhancements to the BACI System742

Glossary743

References753

Index770