《实用英语语音学教程》

Chapter Ⅰ Introduction1

1.Change and stability in English Pronunciation1

2.Purpose4

3.Terms5

Chapter Ⅱ The Organs of Speech9

Chapter Ⅲ Vowels and Consonants13

1.The Cardinal Vowels14

2.The Cardinal Consonants17

Chapter Ⅳ The English Vowels20

1.The Front Vowels([？e,？)21

2.The Back Vowels([？ u,？)26

3.The Central Vowels([？])34

Chapter Ⅴ The English Diphthongs43

1.The Closing Diphthongs([？ai,au,？i])44

2.The Centring Diphthongs([？])52

3.The Rising and Falling Diphthongs58

4.The English Triphthongs[ai？, au？]59

Chapter Ⅵ The English Consonants61

1.The English Plosive Consenants([p,b,t,d,k,g])61

1)Voiceless Plosion75

2)Incomplete Plosion77

3)Nasal Plosion78

4)Lateral Plosion80

2.The English Nasal Consonants([m,n,？])81

3.The English Lateral Consonants ([l,l])85

4.The English Fricative Consonants([f,v,？s, z,？,？,r,hi)88

5.The English Affricative Consonants[t？,d？,ts,dz,tr,dr]104

Chapter Ⅶ The English Semi-Vowels([w,j)113

Chapter Ⅷ Gradation-Strong and Weak Forms118

Chapter Ⅸ Syllable and Syllable Division131

Chapter Ⅹ Length of Vowels and Consonants136

1.Length of English Vowels136

2.Length of English Consonants138

3.Lengthening of Consonants and Vowels138

Chapter Ⅺ Word-Stress141

1.words with Single-Stress142

2.Words with Primary and Secondary Stresses144

3.Word-Stress in Compounds147

Chapter Ⅻ Sentence-Stress153

1.Prominence,Reguiarity,Length of Stressed Syllable in Connected Speech178

Chapter ⅩⅢ Stress and Rhythm178

2.Types of Rhythm179

Chapter Ⅳ Intonation184

1.Unemphatic Intonation185

1)The Falling Tune-Tune 1185

2)The Rising Tune-Tune 2191

2.The Broken Tune-The Accidental Rising201

3.Breath-Groups and Sense-Groups205

4.Treatment of Unstressed Syllables208

5.Sequence of Tunes(Simple Type)214

1)Tune 1 plus Tune 1215

2)Tune 2 plus Tune 1218

3)Tune 1 plus Tune 2223

4)Tune 2 Plus Tune 2226

6.Emphatic Intonation229

1)Emphasis for Contrast229

(1)High Fall229

(2)Fall-Rise233

(3)Rise-Fall-Rise236

(4)Low Rise238

2)Emphasis for Intensity242

(1)Rise-Fall242

(2)The Scandent Scale246

7.Compound Tunes249

1)High-Fall plus Low-Rise249

2)High Fall(s)plus High Fall255

3)High Fall(s)plus Fall-Rise256

4)Use of Marks260

1)Special Questions262

8.Special Intonation262

2)General Questions264

3)Question-Tags265

(1)Imperatives265

(2)Disjunctive Questions269

4)Parentheses275

5)Interjections279

6)Some Idiomatic Expressions283

Phonetie Vo？y290

References302