《TCP/IP 路由技术·卷1》

Foreword1

Part ⅠRouting Basics3

Chapter 1 Basic Concepts：Internetworks,Routers,and Addresses4

Bicycles with Motors6

Data Link Addresses7

Repeaters and Bridges11

Routers18

Network Addresses22

Looking Ahead25

Recommended Reading25

Review Questions26

Chapter 2 TCP/IP Review28

The TCP/IP Protocol Layers29

The IP Packet Header32

IP Addresses40

The First Octet Rule45

Address Masks48

Subnets and Subnet Masks51

Designing Subnets55

Breaking the Octet Boundary57

Troubleshooting a Subnet Mask62

ARP63

Proxy ARP69

Reverse ARP72

Gratuitous ARP72

ICMP73

The Host-to-Host Layer78

TCP78

UDP83

Looking Ahead84

Summary Table：Chapter 2 Command Review85

Recommended Reading85

Review Questions86

Configuration Exercises87

Troubleshooting Exercises88

Chapter 3 Statie Routing90

The Route Table92

Configuring Static Routes97

Case Study：Simple Static Routes97

Case Study：Summary Routes101

Case Study：Alternative Routes103

Case Study：Floating Static Routes105

Case Study：Load Sharing109

Per Destination Load Sharing and Fast Switching110

Per Packet Load Sharing and Process Switching111

Case Study：Recursive Table Lookups113

Troubleshooting Static Routes114

Case Study：Tracing a Failed Route115

Case Study：A Protocol Conflict121

Looking Ahead126

Summary Table：Chapter3Command Review126

Review Questions127

Configuration Exercises128

Troubleshooting Exercises130

Chapter 4 Dynamic Routing Protocols136

Routing Protocol Basics138

Path Determination138

Metrics141

Band width142

Hop Count142

Load143

Delay143

Reliability143

Cost144

Convergence144

Load Balancing146

Distance Vector Routing Protocols146

Common Characteristics148

Periodic Updates148

Neighbors148

Broadcast Updates148

Routing by Rumor149

Full Routing Table Updates149

Route Invalidation Timers151

Split Horizon152

Counting to Infinity156

Triggered Updates157

Holddown Timers158

Asynchronous Updates158

Link State Routing Protocols160

Neighbors161

Link State Flooding162

The Link State Database173

The SPF Algorithm176

Areas181

Interior and Exterior Gateway Protocols183

Static or Dynamic Routing?185

Looking Ahead186

Recommended Reading186

Reivew Questions188

Part ⅡInterior Routing Protocols189

Chapter 5 Routing Information Protocol（RIP）190

Operation of RIP192

RIP Timers and Stability Features193

RIP Message Format196

Request Message Types199

Classful Routing200

Classful Routing：Directly Connected Subnets201

Classful Routing：Summarization at Boundary Routers203

Classful Routing：Summary205

Configuring RIP205

Case Study：A Basic RIP Configuration205

Case Study：Passive Interfaces207

Case Study：Configuring Unicast Updates210

Case Study：Discontiguous Subnets212

Case Study：Manipulating RIP Metrics216

Troubleshooting RIP219

Recommended Reading220

Looking Ahead220

Summary Table：Chapter 5Command Review220

Review Questions221

Configuration Exercises221

Troubleshooting Exercises223

Chapter 6 Interior Gateway Routing Protocol（IGRP）230

Operation of IGRP232

IGRP Timers and Stability Features235

IGRP Metrics237

IGRP Packet Format245

Configuring IGRP249

Case Study：ABasic IGRP Configuration250

Case Study：Unequal-Cost Load Balancing251

Case Study：Setting Maximum Paths256

Case Study：Multiple IGRP Processes257

Troubleshooting IGRP260

Case Study：Unequal-Cost Load Balancing, Again261

Case Study：A Segmented Network263

Looking Ahead266

Summary Table：Chapter 6 Command Review267

Recommended Reading268

Review Questions268

Configuration Exercises269

Troubleshooting Exercises273

Chapter 7 Routing Information Protocol Version 2280

Operation of RIPv2282

RIPv2 Message Format282

Compatibility with RIPv1286

Classless Route Lookups287

Classless Routing Protocols287

Variable-Length Subnet Masking288

Authentication292

Configuring RIPv2296

Case Study：A Basic RIPv2 Configuration297

Case Study：Compatibility with RIPv1297

Case Study：Using VLSM300

Case Study：Discontiguous Subnets and Classless Routing303

Case Study：Authentication306

Troubleshooting RIPv2309

Case Study：Misconfigured VLSM310

Looking Ahead317

Summary Table：Chapter7 Commmand Review317

Recommended Reading318

Review Questions318

Configuration Exercises319

Troubleshooting Exercises321

Chapter 8 Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol（EIGRP）326

Operation of EIGRP329

Protocol-Dependdent Modules330

Reliable Transport Protocol331

Neighbor Discovery/Recovery333

The Diffusing Update Algorithm335

DUAL：Preliminary Concepts335

The DUAL Finite State Machine345

Diffusing Computation：Example1349

Diffusing Computation：Example2354

EIGRP Packet Formats363

The EIGRP Packet Header363

General TLV Fields365

IP-Specific TLV Fileds366

Address Aggregation371

Configuring EIGRP376

Case Study：A Basic EIGRP Configuration377

Case Study：Redistribution with IGRP379

Case Study：Disabling Automatic Summarization383

Case Study：Address Aggregation384

Authentication385

Troubleshooting EIGRP387

Case Study：A Missing Neighbor388

Stuck-in-Active Neighbors394

Summary Table：Chapter 8 Command review399

Looking Ahead399

Review Questions401

Configuration Exercises402

Troubleshooting Exercises404

Chapter 9 Open Shortest Path First408

Operation of OSPF410

Neighbors and Adjacencies412

The Hello Protocol413

Nework Types415

Designated Routers and Backup Designated Routers418

OSPF Interfaces423

OSPF Neighbors430

Flooding450

Areas457

Pouter Types460

Partitioned Areas462

Virtual Links463

The Link State Database466

LSA Types470

Stub Areas479

The Route Table485

Destination Types486

Path Types487

Route Table Lookups490

OSPF over Demand Circuits491

Authentication491

OSPF Packer Formats493

The Packet Header495

The Hello Packet498

The Database Description Packet499

The Link State Request Packet501

The Link State Update Packet502

The Link State Acknowledgment Packet503

OSPF LSA Formats504

The LSA Header504

The Router LSA506

The Network LSA509

The Network and ASBR Summary LSAs510

The Autonomous System External LSA512

The NSSA External LSA513

The Options Field515

Configuring OSPF516

Case Study：A Basic OSPF Configuration516

Case Study：Setting Router IDs with Loopback Interfaces520

Case Study：Domain Name Service Lookups525

Case Study：OSPF and Secondary Addresses526

Case Study：Stub Areas531

Case Study：Totally Stubby Areas536

Case Study：Not-So-Stubby Areas537

Case Study：Address Summarization545

Case Study：Authentication550

Case Study：Virtual Links553

Case Study：OSPF on NBMA Networks555

Case Study：OSPF over Demand Circuits565

Troubleshooting OSPF567

Case Study：An Isolated Area572

Case Study：Misconfigured Summarization577

Looking Ahead581

Summary Table：Chapter 9 Command Review581

Recommended Reading583

Review Questions584

Configuration Exercises585

Troubleshooting Exercises588

Chatper 10 Integrated IS-IS592

Operation of Integrated IS-IS595

IS-IS Areas597

Network Entity Titles600

IS-IS Functional Qrganization603

Subnetwork Dependent Functions604

Subnetwork Independent Functions610

IS-IS PDU Formats621

CLV Fields624

The IS-IS Hello PDU Format627

The IS-IS Link State PDU Format636

The IS-IS Sequence Numbers PDU Format646

Configuring Integrated IS-IS647

Case Study：A Basic Integrated IS-IS Configuration650

Case Study：Changing the Router Types655

Case Study：An Area Migration660

CaSe Study: Route Summarization664

Case Study：Authentication668

Troubleshooting Integrated IS-IS671

Troubleshooting IS-IS Adjacencies672

Troubleshooting the IS-IS Link State Database673

Case Study：Integrated IS-IS on NBMA Networks678

Looking Ahead684

Summary Table：Chapter 10 Command Review685

Review Questions686

Configuration Exercises688

Troubleshooting Exercises690

Part ⅢRoute Control and Interoperability693

Chapter11 Route Redistribution694

Principles of Redistribution698

Metrics698

Administrative Distances699

Redistributing from Classless to Classful Protocols707

Configuring Redistribution712

Case Study：Redistributing IGRP and RIP715

Case Study：Redistributing EIGRP and OSPF717

Case Study：Redistribution and Route Summarization722

Case Study：Redistributing IS-IS and RIP730

Case Study：Redistributing Static Routes733

Looking Ahead737

Summary Table：Chapter 11 Command Review738

Review Questions738

Configuration Exercises739

Troubleshooting Exercises740

Chapter 12 Default Routes and On-Demand Routing742

Fundamentals of Default Routes744

Fundamentals of On-Demand Routing746

Configuring Default Routes and ODR750

Case Study：Static Default Routes751

Case Study：The Default-Network Command755

Case Study：The Default-Information Originate Command758

Case Study：Configuring On-Demand Routing763

Looking Ahead764

Summary Table：Chapter 12 Command Review765

Review Questions765

Chapter 13 Route Filtering768

Configuring Route Filters771

Case Study：Filtering Specific Routes772

Case Study：Route Filtering and Redistribution776

Case Study：A Protocol Migration780

Case Study：Multiple Redistribution Points787

Case Study：Using Distances to Set Router Preferences794

Looking Ahead797

Summary Table：Chapter 13 Commad Review797

Configuration Exercises798

Troubleshooting Exercises801

Chapter 14 Route Maps804

Basic Uses of Route Maps805

Configuring Route Maps809

Case Study：Policy Routing812

Case Study：Policy Routing and Quality of Service Routing820

Case Study：Route Maps and Redistribution824

Case Study：Route Tagging829

Looking Ahead836

Summary Table：Chapter 14 Command Review837

Review Questions839

Configuration Exercises839

Troubleshooting Exercises841

Part ⅣAppendixes843

Appendix A Tutorial：Working with Binary and Hex844

Working with Binaty Numbers847

Working with Hexadecimal Numbers849

Appendix B Tutorial：Access Lists852

Access List Basics854

Implicit Deny Any856

Sequentiality856

Access List Types857

Editing Access Lists861

Standard IP Access Lists862

Extended IP Access Lists865

TCP Access Lists869

UDP Access Lists870

ICMP Access Lists871

Calling the Access List871

Keyword Alternatives875

Named Access Lists876

Filter Placement Considerations877

Access List Monitoring and Accounting880

Appendix C CCIE Preparation Tips882

Laying the Foundations885

Hands-On Expertience886

Intensifying the Study887

The Final Six Months888

Exam Day889

Appendix D Answers to Review Questions892

Chapter1893

Chapter2896

Chapter3900

Chapter4902

Chapter5905

Chapter6906

Chapter7907

Chapter8908

Chapter9911

Chapter10914

Chapter11916

Chapter12917

Chapter14918

Appendix E Solutions to Configuration Problems920

Chapter2921

Chapter3931

Chapter5935

Chapter6938

Chapter7939

Chapter8942

Chapter9943

Chapter10948

Chapter11958

Chapter13959

Chapter14962

Appendix F Solutions to Troubleshooting Exercises966

Chapter2967

Chapter3968

Chapter5968

Chapter6970

Chapter7970

Chapter8970

Chapter9971

Chapter10971

Chapter11972

Chapter13972

Chapter14973

Index974