《MONITORING CHILDREN'S RIGHTS 1》

PART ONE ForewordSamir Sanad Basta3

1. General7

Monitoring Children’s RightsEugeen Verhellen7

Establishing Accountability： Some Current Challenges in Relation toHuman Rights MonitoringPhilip Alston21

2. The Content of Monitoring33

Monitoring Childhood： Its Social， Economic and Political FeaturesJens Qvortrup33

Monitoring Children’s Rights and Monitoring Childhood： Different Tasks？Ferran Casas49

Children’s Participation and Monitoring Children’s RightsMalfrid Grude Flekkoy57

Monitoring： Back to Basic QuestionsNigel Cantwell67

3. Formal and Procedural Aspects of Monitoring73

Monitoring Human Rights： Formal and Procedural AspectsJohan Vande Lanotte and Geert Goedertier73

Monitoring Children’s Rights： Cutting Through the Confusion and Planning for Effective ActionJames R. Himes113

Monitoring Children’s Rights： A View from WithinMarta Santos Pais129

Recourse Procedures Against the Violation of Children’s Rights in European CountriesPascale Boucaud145

Towards a European Law on Children： The European Charter of Rights of the ChildJuan Maria Bandres Molet159

4. Self-executive Force165

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child’s Self-executing CharacterAndre Alen and Wouter Pas165

The Self-executing Character of the Children’s Rights Convention in FranceJean-Pierre Rosenczveig187

The Direct Effect of the European Convention of Human Rights and the Rights of ChildrenMaud Buquicchio-De Boer199

5. Conclusion211

Synthesis of the Discussions at the European Conference on Monitoring Children’s RightsHans van Loon211

PART TWO225

1. The Opinion of Children about their Rights The Monitoring of Children’s Rights in Relation to Youth CulturesMaria Bouverne - De Bie225

Children’s Attitudes Toward Their Rights. An International PerspectiveIsabelle Cherney and Nancy Walker Perry241

Perspectives of Canadian Youth on Children’s RightsKatharine Covell and Brian Howe251

2. Children’s Participation263

How to Develop a Participatory， Comprehensive and Coherent Youth Policy？Willy Fache263

Children’s Participation in Residential CareLennie Haarsma281

Appropriate Direction and Guidance in the Exercise by a Child of the Rights to Freedom of Expression， Thought， Conscience and ReligionAdam Lopatka287

Children’s Participation： How far Can Children be Involved？Brian Milne293

Article 12 - Issues in Developing Children’s Participation Rights： The Experience of Save the Children in the UKGill Barn and Annie Franklin305

Children’s Right to Participate in Decision Making： A Case Study of Ravenswood Primary School Council Newcastle upon Tyne， EnglandBob Franklin317

Children’s Parliament in SloveniaZoran Pavlovic327

Social Participation： Beyond the Effect of Sweetness， with Illustrations from the Project SnaterJan van Gils347

Marriage： That’s your Own Choice！ Moroccan Youngsters and the Choice of a PartnerAnke Van Keulen and Jamila Hamid357

3. Childhood Policies and Monitoring Children’s Rights Evaluating the Process of Monitoring Children’s RightsAngelo Saporiti367

Child Politics： Dimensions and PerspectivesGoran Therborn377

4. International Monitoring Procedures The Invisibility of Children and Adolescents： The Need toMonitor our Rhetoric and our AttitudesBruce Abramson393

Possible Optional Protocols to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child： Improving or Undermining the Convention and its Monitoring？ The Case of Child Prostitution， Child Pornography and Sale of ChildrenGeert Cappelaere403

The Prohibition of Child Labour as a Social Clause in Multilateral Trade AgreementsKoen de Feyter431

Impressions en Marge d’une Session du Comite des Droits de I’EnfantLeyla Khalfallah445

5. Regional and National Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child453

Process of Implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child in PolandElzbieta Czyz453

The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child in LithuaniaGiedra Dagiliene457

Children at Risk and Defence of Their Rights in Bulgaria （The CAR Project）Panayot Randev， Ilka Grigorova and Maria Nikolova463

Monitoring the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child in a Non-party State： The United StatesCynthia Price Cohen475

Children’s Rights in SloveniaMarja Strojin491

Regional Implementation of Children’s Nutrition Rights in Central America and MexicoMaria Eugenia Villarreal and George Kent495

6. The Role of NGOs in Monitoring and Implementing the Convention The Role of the NGOs in Monitoring Children’s RightsLuisa Maria Aguilar503

Can we Make Reality of Children’s Rights？ NGO Monitoring in SwedenSimone Ek509

Pre-surveillance of Children’s Rights： The Project “IDEE” promoting Children’s Participation in Geneva， SwitzerlandMarie-Francoise Lucker-Babel， Philippe D.Jaffe and Helene Rey Wicky517

Monitoring the Implementation of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child： The Experience of Philippine NGOsNelia Sancho525

NGO Group for the Convention on the Rights of the ChildLaura Theytaz-Bergman537

7. National Monitoring Mechanisms： the Role of Ombudswork Developing the Role of an OmbudsmanMarianne Borgen541

Commission de Protection des Droits de la Jeunesse： Mecanisme National de Surveillance des DroitsCeline Giroux555

The General Delegate for Children’s Rights and Youth Assistance Evaluation of an Innnovating Action in the French Community of BelgiumClaude Lelievre563

A Child Against the State： Tasks of the Children’s OmbudsmanHelena Molander575

Monitoring Children’s Rights： A Specific Task for “ChildFamily”？Lieven Vandenberghe and Ankie Vandekerckhove587

8. Children’s Legal Rights and Legal Assistance593

Access to Legal Advice for MinorsJosiane Bigot and Richard Sancho Andreo593

The Role of the Children’s Rights Shop in Monitoring Children’s RightsMaud Droogleever Fortyun597

The Death Penalty for Crimes Committed by Persons Under Eighteen Years of AgeWilliam A. Schabas603

Role of National Courts in Protecting Children’s RightsR.N. Trivedi621

9. Education627

The Children’s Rights Project in the Primary School “De Vrijdag-markt” in BrugesJohn Decoene and Rudy De Cock627

The European Federation of City Farms and Working with ChildrenMarc De Staercke and Ludwich Rech637

Kitty 007： The Name by Which Anne Franck Calls us to Hope and a futureLea Dherbecourt641

Monitoring Children’s Rights to Education： an Inter-agency Approach in the South West of EnglandMary John649

The Right to Information： Too Vague to Be True？Marian Koren667

Convention on the Rights of the Child： Education for the 21st CenturyAlena Kroupova681

Les Droits des Enfants Appartenant aux Minorites Nationales d’Apprendre la Langue Maternelle et le Droit d’Etre Instruits dans Cette Langue - Entre la Lettre de la Loi et la Realite de la Societe RoumaineIoan Oncea691

Le Processus d’Enseignement aux Droits del’Homme apres 1989Irina Moroianu Zlatescu et Virginia Maxim703

10. Residential Care713

Implementation of Young People’s Rights in Flemish Provisions for Special Youth WelfareJan Bosmans713

Rights of the Child and Their Protection in Polish Resocialization InstitutionsTeodor Bulenda and Andrzej Kremplewski727

Monitoring Children’s Rights in a Socio-educational Establishment：The Lyonnaise Society for Childhood and AdolescenceAnnette Jacob745

Human Rights of the Child in Residential Homes for Mentally Retarded Children in AlbaniaArian Pano757

Enfants Deplaces et Places Aupres de Tierces Personnes （Vidomegon）Felicite Talon Ahouandogbo761

11. Health care765

The Rights of People with DisabilitiesPilar Arnaiz Sanchez765

The Child and Its Health： Consent and Medical InterventionsMarc-G. Schweitzer and N. Puig-Verges775

Abortion： A Right to Life for Unborn Children？Jeroen van Nieuwenhoven785

Social and Educational Assistance for Children and their Mild Mental Retarded ParentsDieter Windels797

12. Exploitation of Children803

The Invisible Little Big Workforce： Plight of the Female Working Child in IndiaDeepak Kumar Behera803

Ethical Aberration in Using Children for Endorsing Consumer Products： A Cross-cultural StudyJ. Christopher Daniel817

Exploitation and Violation of Children’s Rights： An Action Carried Out in Belgium Since January 1993 - INFOKIOSK Service and Pink LinesAnne-Marie Poreye-Thys823

Les Droits de l’Enfant dans le SportLieve Stappers829

13. Street Children Inegalite des Droits de 1’Enfant et Ro1e de la FemmeAnne-Marie Frederic835

“Broad Legal Assistance”： Defence and Realization of Children’s Rights： A Legal Assistance Project for Street Children in Rio de JaneiroFrans W.P.M. Nederstigt841

The Undugu Society Approach in Dealing with Children at Risk to Abuse and NeglectLynette Ochola853

Droits des Jeunes Vivant et Travaillant dans les Interstices du Milieu UrbainMoulaye Tall867

Approach of Homeless Young PeopleJan van Susteren871

14. Children in Armed Conflict883

Children Victims of War in the Republic of CroatiaDarija Remeta883

Declaration of Amsterdam： A SummaryE.A. Peeters， P. Idenburg and E. Willemse887

Protection of Children and their Health During Times of WarJane Green Schaller891

APPENDICES901

UN Convention on the Rights of the Child901

Council of Europe - Parliamentary Assembly Recommendation 1 121 （1990） on the Rights of Children919

European Parliament Resolution A3-0172/92 on a European Charter of Rights of the Child923

NAME INDEX931

SUBJECT INDEX935