《LAW AND ECONOMICS AN INTRODUCTORY ANALYSIS THIRD EDITION》

1 INTRODUCTION1

Law and Economics1

Nature and Origin of Laws2

Nature and History of Economics3

The Interface between Law and Economics4

Where Law and Economics Might Not Meet11

Entitlements and Externalities and the Role of the Law12

2 PROPERTY LAW’S BASIC LEGAL PREMISES20

Introduction20

Defining Rights and Entitlements to Property20

Permanent Transfer of Rights and Entitlements27

Temporary Transfer of Rights and Entitlements34

Land Use Planning and Development46

Conclusion51

3 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LANDLORD-TENANT LAWS52

Introduction52

Habitability Laws53

Rent Control Laws64

Laws Complementing Rent Control73

Just-Cause Eviction Laws74

Housing Subsidy Laws77

Conclusion79

4 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ZONING LAWS80

Introduction80

Residential-Commercial-Industrial Zoning Ordinances82

Exclusionary Zoning89

Inclusionary Zoning94

Zoning as a Taking?98

Expanding Aims of Zoning102

Conclusion103

5 CONTRACT LAW105

Introduction105

The Basic Legal Premises of Contract Law105

Economic Considerations of Contract Law120

Conclusion136

6 TORT LAW’S BASIC LEGAL PREMISES137

Introduction137

What Is a Tort?137

Negligence139

Duty144

Proximate Cause146

Defenses149

Liability Rules—Introductory Classification151

The Rule of Contributory Negligence152

The Rule of Comparative Negligence155

The Rule of Strict Liability158

Probabilistic Causation165

Damages167

Conclusion170

7 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF TORT LAW172

Introduction172

Economic Analysis of Medical Malpractice175

Effects of Liability Standards190

Some Economic Considerations of Product Liability195

Economic Analysis of Accident Law199

Sovereign Immunity206

Rules for Assigning Liability for Litigation Costs212

Tort Reforms’ Economic Effects215

Conclusion216

8 CRIMINAL LAW217

Introduction217

Basic Legal Premises of Criminal Law219

Economic Analysis of Criminal Law227

Crime Deterrence by Raising Costs to Criminals233

Crime Deterrence by Raising Legal Income246

Conclusion249

9 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW251

Introduction251

Legal Aspects of Environmental Protection252

Court-Made Environmental Law254

Statutory Environmental Law260

Economic Analysis264

Conclusion274

10 ANTIMONOPOLY LAW275

Introduction275

The Economic Incentive to Monopolize Markets277

A Brief Outline of Antimonopoly Acts279

Ways to Monopolize Markets: Many Roads Lead to Rome281

Horizontal Mergers and Conglomerates281

Cartels285

Price Discrimination288

Foreclosing Entry290

Vertical Integration290

Government-Induced Price Fixing and Foreclosure300

Remedies305

Some Further Economic Considerations306

Anti-trust Policy toward High-Tech Industries308

Conclusion310

11 DISCRIMINATION LAW312

Introduction312

Employment Discrimination312

Housing Discrimination334

Age Discrimination343

Conclusion347

INDEX349