《Emergency War Surgery》求取 ⇩

ⅠGeneral Considerations of Forward Surgery1

Echelons of Medical Care2

Thermonuclear Warfare6

Purposes of This Handbook8

Part Ⅰ．Types of Wounds and Injuries11

ⅡMissile-Caused Wounds13

Mechanical Effects of War Missiles13

Regional Distribution of Missile Wounds18

Clinical Considerations18

Mass Casualties19

ⅢThermal Burns20

Causes20

Classification21

Pathologic Process23

Sorting and Evacuation25

Management26

Shock and Fluid Therapy28

Complications32

Burns of the Respiratory Passages32

Mass Casualties32

ⅣCold Injury35

Classification35

Pathogenesis and Pathologic Process36

Epidemiology38

Clinical Manifestations40

Management42

Prophylaxis45

Mass Casualties46

ⅤCrush Injury48

Pathogenesis48

Clinical Considerations49

Laboratory Data50

Management50

Evacuation52

Mass Casualties52

ⅥBlast Injury54

Types of Blast Injury54

Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis56

Regional Injuries56

Preventive Measures60

Mass Casualties61

ⅦChemical Injury62

General Principles of Management63

Convulsants63

Skin Irritants65

Lung Irritants70

Nasal Irritants71

Paralysants71

Lacrimators72

Phosphorus72

Mass Casualties73

ⅧRadiation Injuries74

General Effects of Radiation Exposure74

Pathologic Process76

Clinical Manifestations，Diagnosis，and Prognosis76

Management78

Contamination of Food and Water79

Mass Casualties79

ⅨMultiple Injuries81

Etiologic Considerations81

Management82

Mass Casualties86

Part Ⅱ．Response of the Body to Wounding89

ⅩShock and Resuscitation91

Pathogenesis and Etiologic Factors91

Clinical Considerations92

Organization of a Resuscitation Ward95

Diagnosis and Assessment of Shock96

Patterns of Shock99

Principles of Management102

General Measures102

Vasovagal Shock103

Oligemic Shock104

Blood Transfusion107

Timing of Surgery112

Vasopressor Drugs114

Artificial Hibernation114

Mass Casualties116

ⅪMetabolic Disturbances After Trauma118

Autonomic Cardiovascular Response118

Adrenocortical Response119

Changes in the Electrolyte Balance120

Oliguria Without Renal Insufficiency121

Acute Renal Insufficiency124

Mass Casualties131

ⅫInfection133

General Considerations133

Etiologic Factors134

Bacteriology135

Classification of Wound Infection137

Antibiotic Therapy139

Clostridial Myositis144

Anaerobic Cellulitis151

Streptococcic Myositis152

Tetanus152

Mass Casualties159

Part Ⅲ．General Considerations of Wound Management161

ⅩⅢSorting of Casualties163

General Considerations163

Evacuation164

Sorting at the Battalion Aid Station168

Sorting at Level of Initial Wound Surgery169

Concepts of Sorting169

Priorities of Treatment171

Mass Casualties172

ⅩⅣCare at the Battalion Aid Station174

General Examination174

Maintenance of the Respiratory Function175

Control of Hemorrhage177

Control of Shock179

Relief of Pain180

Control of Infection180

Hydration180

Dressings and Splints181

Evacuation182

Recording182

Regional Injuries183

Artificial Respiration187

Mass Casualties189

ⅩⅤAnesthesia and Analgesia195

Duties of the Anesthetist195

Anesthetic Equipment196

Preoperative Preparation197

Techniques of Analgesia199

Techniques of Anesthesia201

Muscle Relaxants202

Special Anesthetic Problems203

Postoperative Management204

Mass Casualties205

ⅩⅥWounds and Injuries of the Soft Tissues207

Principles of Management207

Preoperative Preparation208

Technique of Debridement209

Management of Special Types of Soft-Tissue Wounds214

Postoperative Management and Evacuation217

Mass Casualties217

ⅩⅦVascular Injuries219

General Principles of Management219

Techniques of Management221

Postoperative Management228

Adjunct Therapy229

Complications of Vascular Injury230

Mass Casualties230

ⅩⅧWounds and Injuries of Bones and Joints232

General Principles of Management232

Management at the Battalion Aid Station233

Preoperative Preparation233

Management of Bone Injuries234

Management of Joint Injuries238

Mass Casualties242

ⅩⅨWounds and Injuries of Peripheral Nerves244

Classification244

Initial Wound Surgery244

Transportation Splinting246

Mass Casualties246

ⅩⅩAmputations247

Indications247

Technique249

Postoperative Management252

Amputation for Massive Infection253

Management of Multiple Injuries253

Evacuation254

Delayed Primary Wound Closure254

Mass Casualties255

Part Ⅳ．Regional Wounds and Injuries257

ⅩⅩⅠCraniocerebral Wounds and Injuries259

Management at the Battalion Aid Station259

General Principles of Management261

Massive Intracranial Hemorrhage263

Prognosis265

Timing of Surgery265

Anesthesia266

Initial Wound Surgery267

Expedient Measures in Wounds of Magnitude269

Mass Casualties269

ⅩⅩⅡWounds and Injuries of the Spinal Cord271

Psychologic Considerations271

Initial Evaluation272

Principles of Management272

Initial Management273

Surgical Measures275

Reduction of Cervical Dislocations and Flexion Fractures277

General Measures279

Physical Therapy282

Mass Casualties284

ⅩⅩⅢMaxillofacial Wounds and Injuries285

Diagnosis285

Evacuation286

Initial Management287

Initial Wound Surgery288

Fracture Management289

Postoperative Management291

Regional Fractures291

Mass Casualties295

XXIV Wounds and Injuries of the Eye297

Examination and Diagnosis297

Removal of the Eye298

Management of Minor Injuries299

Evacuation300

Forward Ocular Surgery301

Adjunct Therapy304

Mass Casualties305

ⅩⅩⅤWounds and Injuries of the Ear306

Injuries of the External Ear306

Injuries of the Middle Ear307

Injuries of the Inner Ear308

Aero-Otitis (Otitic Barotrauma)308

Mass Casualties309

ⅩⅩⅥWounds and Injuries of the Neck310

Wounds of the Larynx and Trachea310

Wounds of the Pharynx and Esophagus312

Wounds of Blood Vessels and Nerves314

Emergency Tracheotomy315

Mass Casualties317

ⅩⅩⅦWounds and Injuries of the Chest318

Pathologic Process318

Thoracoabdominal Wounds322

Principles of Management325

Management at the Battalion Aid Station327

Initial Wound Surgery329

Blast Injuries331

Mass Casualties332

ⅩⅩⅧWounds and Injuries of the Abdomen333

Wounding Agents333

Management at the Battalion Aid Station335

Preoperative Sorting335

Operation338

Postoperative Management344

Postoperative Peritonitis346

Evacuation350

Mass Casualties350

ⅩⅩⅨWounds and Injuries of the Genitourinary Tract353

Wounds of the Kidney354

Wounds of the Ureter355

Wounds of the Bladder356

Wounds of the Urethra357

Wounds of the Male Genitalia358

Mass Casualties359

ⅩⅩⅩWounds and Injuries of the Hand360

Care at the Battalion Aid Station361

Initial Wound Surgery362

Mass Casualties365

APPENDIXES366

AGlossary of Drugs With National Nomenclatures366

B Useful Tables373

C Artificial Respiration379

INDEX391