《History Of The Philippines》

The Land and the People1

THE LAND1

FACTORS AFFECTING AGRICULTURE4

THE PEOPLE AND WHERE THEY CAME FROM：THE PYGMIES6

THE PEOPLE AND WHERE THEY CAME FROM：THE INDONESIANS7

THE PEOPLE AND WHERE THEY CAME FROM：THE MALAYS8

CHARACTER OF THE PEOPLE14

PART ONEThe Commercial Revolution Leads to Our First Contact with Europe-The Filipinos of Pre-Spanish Times and the Impact of Spanish Civilization upon Them17

Foreword17

CHAPTER ⅠEvents and Movements Leading to Filipino-Spanish Re-lations18

DISCOVERY18

SETTLEMENT28

CHAPTER ⅡAgriculture and Landholding38

CROPS AND METHODS OF CULTIVATION38

SPAIN＇S AGRICULTURAL POLICY41

LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY44

LANDHOLDING45

CHAPTER ⅢIndustries48

SHIPBUILDING48

FISHING AND FISH CULTURE53

MINING AND METAL WORK55

TEXTILE INDUSTRIES58

MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES59

FILIPINO CULTURE AS SHOWN IN INDUSTRIES60

CHAPTER ⅣCommerce66

PRE-SPANISH TRADE RELATIONS66

DOMESTIC TRADE AFTER THE SPANISH CONQUEST69

SPANISH COMMERCE WITH THE ORIENT72

CHAPTER ⅤGovernment and Religion80

GOVERNMENT80

RELIGION89

CHAPTER ⅥCulture，Social Life，and Political Strife98

CULTURE98

CONSTRUCTION AND ARCHITECTURE100

SOCIAL LIFE103

POLITICAL CONFLICTS107

CHAPTER ⅦPopulation and Systems of Labor118

POPULATION118

SYSTEMS OF LABOR124

PART TWOThe Period of Restrictions under Span-ish Rule(1600-1815)135

Foreword135

CHAPTER Ⅷ Philippine Commerce and Spanish Mercantile Policy136

CHAPTER ⅨThe Growth and Social Progress of the Filipino People153

POPULATION153

IMMIGRATION AND ITS PROBLEMS157

EDUCATIONAL AND SOCIAL PROGRESS165

CHAPTER ⅩFilipino Labor and Military Service175

FILIPINOS IN INDUSTRY，ARTS，AND AGRICULTURE175

FILIPINOS IN MILITARY SERVICE178

CHAPTER ⅪConflicts with Outside Forces during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries187

CONFLICTS WITH THE DUTCH187

CONFLICTS WITH THE MOROS191

CONFLICT BETWEEN THE BRITISH AND THE SPANIARDS197

CHAPTER ⅫInternal Conflicts during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries200

CONFLICTS BETWEEN FILIPINOS AND SPANIARDS200

REVOLTS AFTER THE BRITISH OCCUPATION208

CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT AND THE CHURCH210

CONFLICTS BETWEEN THE SECULAR AND THE REGULAR CLERGY218

PART THREEThe Movement to Achieve Commer-cial Liberty and Political Reforms(1781-1898)225

Foreword225

CHAPTER ⅩⅢThe Spanish Abandon the Policy of Isolation226

NEW ECONOMIC TENDENCIES TOWARD THE END OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY226

PERIOD OF COMMERCIAL LIBERTY231

CHAPTER ⅩⅣ The Filipinos Demand Political Reforms248

CHAPTER ⅩⅤThe Revolution against Spain270

THE FORMATION OF THE KATIPUNAN270

THE CALL TO ARMS274

THE RISE TO LEADERSHIP OF AGUINALDO278

PART FOURPreparation for Independence under American Leadership(1898-1935)285

Foreword285

CHAPTER ⅩⅥThe United States Takes Over the Philippines from Spain286

EVENTS LEADING TO THE COMING OF AMERICA286

THE FIRST PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC290

REORGANIZATION OF THE GOVERNMENT UNDER AMERICAN SOVER-EIGNTY297

CHAPTER ⅩⅦIncreasing Participation of Filipinos in the Government(1913-1935)307

THE JONES LAW307

GOVERNMENTAL REORGANIZATION312

POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN MINDANAO AND SULU321

POLITICAL PROGRESS UNDER THE LAST AMERICAN GOVERNORS324

THE SECOND INDEPENDENCE ACT331

CHAPTER ⅩⅧSocial and Economic Progress during the American Regime337

SOCIAL PROGRESS337

RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENTS352

ECONOMIC PROGRESS355

PART FIVEThe Period of Partial Independence under the Commonwealth(1935-1946)369

Foreword369

Chapter ⅩⅨWe Assume Responsibility for Our Internal Government370

THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE COMMONWEALTH370

POLITICAL PROBLEMS372

PROBLEMS OF ECONOMIC READJUSTMENT373

SOCIAL PROBLEMS377

DEFENSE PROBLEMS378

CHAPTER ⅩⅩThe Commonwealth Prepares for Independence380

GOVERNMENT MACHINERY IS STRENGTHENED380

A DEFENSE FORCE IS CREATED385

THE NATIONAL ECONOMY IS STRENGTHENED386

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ADVANCE ACCELERATED394

CHAPTER ⅩⅪThe Second World War and the Japanese Occupation404

THE APPROACH OF WAR404

WAR BREAKS UPON THE PHILIPPINES408

THE EPIC OF BATAAN AND CORREGIDOR412

JAPANESE MILITARY GOVERNMENT417

ECONOMIC POLICY DURING THE JAPANESE OCCUPATION424

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ASPECTS OF THE OCCUPATION428

REVOLT AGAINST JAPAN—GUERRILLA ACTIVITIES432

OUR GOVERNMENT-IN-EXILE IN WASHINGTON438

CHAPTER ⅩⅫLiberation(1944-1946)444

GLOBAL WAR444

LIBERATION OF THE PHILIPPINES447

THE COMMONWEALTH GOVERNMENT RE-ESTABLISHED456

ECONOMIC REHABILITATION459

SOCIAL REHABILITATION464

FIRST POST-WAR ELECTION466

PART SIXThe Republic of the Philippines Takes Its Place among Sovereign Nations(1946 to the Present)471

Foreword471

CHAPTER ⅩⅫⅠA Newly Independent Philippines Emerges from the Ruins of War472

THE NEW GOVERNMENT COMMENCES UNDER DIFFICULTIES472

RECIPROCAL ARRANGEMENTS WITH THE UNITED STATES476

ECONOMIC PROGRAM OF PRESIDENT ROXAS482

SOCIAL REHABILITATION486

THE PRESIDENCY CHANGES HANDS490

CHAPTER ⅩⅪⅤThe Philippines as a Member of the United Nations502

OUR ROLE IN THE UNITED NATIONS502

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS507

EPILOGUEA People with Vision520

APPENDIX521

INDEX521